I-hepatitis engapheliyo: yintoni, iimpawu, izizathu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Izizathu ezinokubangela i-hepatitis engapheliyo
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-hepatitis engapheliyo kukudumba kwesibindi okuhlala ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6 kwaye kuhlala kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B, uhlobo lwentsholongwane olunokudluliselwa ngokudibana ngqo negazi okanye ezinye iimfihlo ezivela kumntu osulelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-hepatitis engapheliyo inokuba nezinye izizathu, ezinje nge-hepatitis C okanye neziselo ezinxilisayo, umzekelo.

Nangona kwiimeko ezininzi, i-hepatitis engapheliyo ayibangeli zimpawu zibonakalayo kwaye ihlala ichongwa ngexesha loviwo oluqhelekileyo, abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezingachanekanga, ezinje ngokuqaqamba ngokubanzi, ukunciphisa ukutya okanye ukudinwa rhoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ayibangeli zimpawu, i-hepatitis kufuneka ihlale inyangwa, ngokungathi iyaqhubeka nokuba mandundu, inokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu, ezinje ngokuqina kwesibindi okanye ukusilela kwesibindi. Yiyo loo nto, nanini na xa kurhanelwa ukuba kukho ingxaki yesibindi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nengcali yesifo sokunyanga isifo sentsholongwane ukuvavanya ubukho bayo nayiphi na ingxaki kunye nokuqala olona nyango lufanelekileyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha samatyala, i-hepatitis enganyangekiyo ayibangeli zimpawu zibonakalayo, ukukhula ngokuthe ngcembe de kuvele isifo sokuqina kwesibindi, kunye neempawu ezinje ngesicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukudumba kwesisu, izandla ezibomvu nolusu namehlo atyheli.

Nangona kunjalo, xa zikhona iimpawu, i-hepatitis engapheliyo inokubangela:

• Ukuziva uhleli rhoqo;
• Ukunciphisa ukutya;
• Ukudinwa rhoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi rhoqo;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwicala lasekunene lesisu.

Kuba kuqhelekile ukuba i-hepatitis engapheliyo ibe nokungabi nazimpawu, iimeko ezininzi zichongwa kuphela kuvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo. Kule meko, amaxabiso e-AST, ALT, Gamma-GT, alkaline phosphatase kunye ne-bilirubin ayonyuswa ngokubanzi.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela i-hepatitis enganyangekiyo, ukongeza kuvavanyo lwegazi olutsha ngakumbi kwii-enzyme zesibindi kunye neentsholongwane, unokucela iimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinje nge-ultrasound okanye ikhompyuter ye-tomography.

Kukwakho neemeko apho kunokucelwa i-biopsy, apho isampuli encinci yesicubu esivela esibindi ithunyelwa elebhu ukuzama ukuqinisekisa unobangela wesifo sokudumba kwesibindi okanye ukuzama ukuqonda inqanaba lomonakalo wesibindi, ukunceda ukuphucula lungelelanisa unyango.

Izizathu ezinokubangela i-hepatitis engapheliyo

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-hepatitis engapheliyo ibangelwa usulelo lwe-Hepatitis B virus, nangona kunjalo, ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Intsholongwane yeHepatitis C;
• Intsholongwane ye-Hepatitis D;
• Ukusela kakhulu utywala;
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo.

Nangona kunqabile ngakumbi, i-hepatitis engapheliyo inokubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwezinye iintlobo zamayeza, ngakumbi i-Isoniazid, Methyldopa okanye iPhenytoin. Xa oku kusenzeka, kuhlala kwanele ukutshintsha iyeza lokuphucula ukudumba kwesibindi.

Jonga ezinye zeempawu ezinokuthi zibonise usulelo lwe-hepatitis C okanye usulelo lwe-hepatitis B.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-hepatitis engapheliyo luxhomekeke kubukrakra bomonakalo wesibindi kunye noonobangela. Nangona kunjalo, kuqhelekile ukuba unyango luqale ngokusetyenziswa kolunye uhlobo lwe-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuphucula iimpawu, de kube kwaziwa isizathu esithile.

Nje ukuba kufunyaniswe unobangela, unyango kufuneka lwanele, ukunyanga isifo xa kunokwenzeka, nokukhusela ukuqala kweengxaki. Ke, kwimeko ye-hepatitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B okanye ye-C, ugqirha unokucebisa ngokusetyenziswa kwamachiza antiviral, kuba ukuba i-hepatitis ibangelwa sisifo sokuzimela, kubalulekile ukuqala unyango lwesi sifo, kwaye ukuba kubangelwa kukusela kakhulu okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufuneka kuyekwe.

Kwangelo xesha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukunyanga ezinye zeengxaki ezibangelwa kukwanda kokudumba, njenge-encephalopathy okanye ukuqokelelana kolwelo esiswini.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho izilonda zesibindi zihambele phambili, kuhlala kufanelekile ukuba kufakelwe isibindi. Qonda indlela ukufakelwa okwenziwe ngayo kunye nendlela yokubuyisela kwakhona.