Yintoni i-hyperthyroidism, oonobangela kunye nendlela isifo esenziwa ngayo

Umxholo

• Oonobangela hyperthyroidism
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• I-hyperthyroidism engaphantsi
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Hyperthyroidism xa ukhulelwe
• Unyango lwe-hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism yimeko ebonakaliswa kukuveliswa kakhulu kwehomoni yi-thyroid, okukhokelela kuphuhliso lweempawu kunye neempawu ezinje ngoxinzelelo, ukungcangcazela kwezandla, ukubila okugqithisileyo, ukudumba kwemilenze neenyawo kunye notshintsho kumjikelo wokuya exesheni yabafazi.

Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-40 ubudala, nangona inokwenzeka nasemadodeni, kwaye ihlala inxulunyaniswa nesifo seMangcwaba, esisifo sokuzimela komzimba apho umzimba uvelisa izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene nedlala lengqula. Ukongeza kwisifo se-Graves, i-hyperthyroidism inokuba sisiphumo sokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-iodine, ukugqithisa kwehomoni ye-thyroid okanye ngenxa yobukho be-nodule kwi-thyroid.

Kubalulekile ukuba i-hyperthyroidism ichongwe kwaye inyangwe ngokwesindululo se-endocrinologist ukwenzela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nesifo.

Oonobangela hyperthyroidism

IHyperthyroidism yenzeka ngenxa yemveliso eyandisiweyo yehomoni edlala lengqula, eyenzeka ikakhulu ngenxa yesifo seMangcwaba, esisifo sokuzimela komzimba apho iiseli zomzimba zomzimba ngokwazo zichasene nedlala lengqula. Funda ngakumbi malunga nesifo seMangcwaba.

Ukongeza kwisifo se-Graves, ezinye iimeko ezinokukhokelela kwi-hyperthyroidism zezi:

• Ubukho maqhuqhuva okanye cysts kwi lengqula;
• I-Thyroiditis, ehambelana nokuvuvukala kwe-thyroid gland, enokuthi yenzeke emva kokubeleka okanye ngenxa yentsholongwane;
• Ukugqithisa kwamahomoni e-thyroid;
• Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-iodine, ebalulekileyo ekwenziweni kwehomoni yedlala lengqula.

Kubalulekile ukuba kuchongwe unobangela wehyperthyroidism, kuba ngale ndlela ugqirha we-endocrinologist angabonisa olona nyango lufanelekileyo.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kunokwenzeka ngokulinganisa iihomoni ezinxulumene ne-thyroid egazini, kwaye ukuvavanywa kwamanqanaba e-T3, T4 kunye ne-TSH kubonisiwe. Olu vavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe, qho kwiminyaka emi-5 ukusuka kubudala beminyaka engama-35, ikakhulu kwabasetyhini, kodwa abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo kufuneka benze olu vavanyo rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2.

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo oluvavanya ukusebenza kwe-thyroid, njengokuvavanywa kwe-antibody, i-thyroid ultrasound, ukuzihlola, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, i-thyroid biopsy. Yazi iimvavanyo ezivavanya idlala lengqula.

I-hyperthyroidism engaphantsi

I-subclinical hyperthyroidism ibonakaliswa kukungabikho kweempawu kunye neempawu ezibonisa utshintsho kwi-thyroid, nangona kunjalo kuvavanyo lwegazi kunokuchongwa i-TSH kunye ne-T3 kunye ne-T4 enexabiso eliqhelekileyo.

Kule meko, umntu kufuneka enze uvavanyo olutsha ngaphakathi kweenyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6 ukujonga isidingo sokuthatha amayeza, kuba ayisiyomfuneko ukwenza unyango, olugcinelwa kuphela xa kukho iimpawu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ngenxa yenani elikhulu leehomoni ye-thyroid ejikeleza egazini, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinjenge:

• Ukunyuka kwentliziyo;
• Ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi;
• Utshintsho kumjikelo wokuya exesheni;
• Ukuphuthelwa;
• Ukuhla ukusinda;
• Ukungcangcazela kwezandla;
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo;
• Ukudumba emilenzeni nasezinyaweni.

Ukongeza, kukho umngcipheko okhulayo we-osteoporosis ngenxa yokuphulukana ngokukhawuleza kwecalcium ngamathambo. Jonga ezinye iimpawu zehyperthyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism xa ukhulelwe

Ukonyuka kwamahomoni e-thyroid ekukhulelweni kunokubangela iingxaki ezinje nge-eclampsia, ukuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi ukongeza ukusilela kwentliziyo kubafazi.

Abasetyhini ababenamaxabiso aqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba bakhulelwe kwaye bafumaniswe ukuba bane-hyperthyroidism kwasekuqaleni kude kube sekupheleni kwekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ihlala ingafuneki ukuba yenze naluphi na uhlobo lonyango kuba ukunyuka okuncinci kwi-T3 kunye ne-T4 ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha unokucebisa amayeza ukuba abeke i-T4 egazini, ngaphandle kokonzakalisa umntwana.

Idosi yeyeza iyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye kwaye idosi yokuqala eboniswe ngugqirha wokubelekisa ayisosoloko ihlala ngexesha lonyango, kuba kusenokufuneka ukuba uhlengahlengise idosi emva kweeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kokuqalisa ichiza. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-hyperthyroidism xa ukhulelwe.

Unyango lwe-hyperthyroidism

Unyango lwe-hyperthyroidism kufuneka lwenziwe ngokhokelo lwe-endocrinologist, ethathela ingqalelo imiqondiso kunye neempawu ezibonakaliswa ngumntu, unobangela wehyperthyroidism kunye namanqanaba ehomoni egazini. Ngale ndlela, ugqirha angabonisa ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza anje ngePropiltiouracil kunye neMetimazole, ukusetyenziswa kwe-iodine ene-radioactive okanye ukususwa kwe-thyroid ngokuhlinzwa.

Ukususwa kwe-thyroid kuboniswa kuphela njengendawo yokugqibela, xa iimpawu zingapheli kwaye akunakwenzeka ukulawula i-thyroid ngokutshintsha idosi yeziyobisi. Qonda ukuba lwenziwa njani unyango lwehyperthyroidism.

Jonga ezinye iingcebiso kule vidiyo ilandelayo enokukunceda ukunyanga i-hyperthyroidism: