Into ekufuneka uyazi ngeLung Granulomas

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Yintoni unobangela?
• Imbali
• I-mycobacteria engasebenziyo (NTM)
• IGranulomatosis kunye ne-polyangiitis (GPA)
• Isifo samathambo (RA)
• I-Sarcoidosis
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Inyangwa njani?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ushwankathelo

Ngamanye amaxesha xa izicwili kwilungu ziye zitshise- rhoqo ukuphendula kusulelo- amaqela eeseli abizwa ngokuba liqela le-histiocytes ukwenza amaqhuqhuva amancinci. La maqelana amile okweembotyi abizwa ngokuba zii-granulomas.

IiGranulomas zingenza naphi na emzimbeni wakho kodwa zihlala zikhula kwi:

• ulusu
• ithumba
• imiphunga

Xa igranulomas ifom yokuqala, zithambile.Ixesha elingaphezulu, banokuqina kwaye babalwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-calcium yenza iidipozithi kwii-granulomas. Iidipozithi zecalcium zenza ezi ntlobo zemiphunga ukuba zibonakale ngokulula kwiimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinje ngesifuba iX-reyi okanye iCT scan.

Kwisifuba iX-reyi, ezinye ii-granulomas zemiphunga zinokubonakala ngathi kukukhula komhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ii-granulomas azinomdlavuza kwaye zihlala zibangela ukuba kungabikho zimpawu okanye zifuna naluphi na unyango.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Kukho iimpawu ezinqabileyo ezinxulumene ne-lung granulomas ngokwazo. Nangona kunjalo, iifom ze-granulomas ziphendula kwiimeko zokuphefumla, ezifana ne-sarcoidosis okanye i-histoplasmosis, ngoko ke imbangela ebangela ukuba ibonakalise iimpawu. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukhohlokhohlo olungapheliyo
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda

Yintoni unobangela?

Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinxulunyaniswa ne-lung granulomas zingahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: usulelo kunye nezifo ezitshisayo.

Phakathi kwezifo zilandelayo:

Imbali

Esinye sezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zemiphunga yimiphunga luhlobo losulelo lokungunda olubizwa ngokuba yi-histoplasmosis. Unokuphuhlisa i-histoplasmosis ngokuphefumla kwi-airborne spores yefungus efumaneka rhoqo kwiintaka kunye ne-bat.

I-mycobacteria engasebenziyo (NTM)

I-NTM, ezifumaneka ngokwendalo emanzini nasemhlabeni, ziphakathi kwemithombo eqhelekileyo yosulelo lwebacteria olukhokelela kwimiphunga yeepapu.

Ezinye zeemeko ezingasuleliyo, ezivuthayo ziquka:

IGranulomatosis kunye ne-polyangiitis (GPA)

I-GPA yinto enqabileyo kodwa enzima ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi empumlweni, emqaleni, emiphungeni nasezintso. Akucaci ukuba kutheni le meko ikhula, nangona kubonakala ngathi kukungalulami ukomelela komzimba kusulelo.

Isifo samathambo (RA)

I-RA yenye impendulo engaqhelekanga yamajoni omzimba akhokelela kukudumba. I-RA ichaphazela ikakhulu amalungu akho kodwa inokubangela i-lung granulomas, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngamaqhuqhuva erheumatoid okanye amaqhuqhuva emiphunga. Ezi granulomas zihlala zingenabungozi, kodwa kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba i-rheumatoid nodule ingaqhuma kwaye yenzakalise umphunga wakho.

I-Sarcoidosis

I-Sarcoidosis yimeko yokuvuvukala ehlala ichaphazela imiphunga kunye ne-lymph node. Kubonakala ngathi kubangelwa yimpendulo yesistim somzimba sokuzivikela, nangona abaphandi bengenakucacisa ukuba yintoni ebangela le mpendulo. Inokuba inxulumene nosulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwentsholongwane, kodwa abukho ubungqina obucacileyo bokuxhasa loo ithiyori.

IiLung granulomas ezinxulumene ne-sarcoidosis zingenabungozi, kodwa ezinye zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemiphunga yakho.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ngenxa yokuba zincinci kwaye zihlala zingabangeli zimpawu, iigranulomas zihlala zifunyanwa ngengozi. Umzekelo, ukuba uhlala une-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan ngenxa yengxaki yokuphefumla, ugqirha wakho unokufumana iindawo ezincinci kwimiphunga yakho ezijika zibe zii-granulomas. Ukuba zibaliwe, kulula ngakumbi ukuzibona kwiX-reyi.

Ekuqalekeni, iigranulomas zifana namathumba anomdlavuza. Iskena se-CT sinokubona amaqhuqhuva amancinci kwaye sinike umbono ocacileyo.

Amaqhuqhuva emiphunga yomhlaza adla ngokubumba ngokungalinganiyo kwaye abe makhulu kunee-granulomas ezinobungozi, ezi-8 ukuya kwi-10 leemilimitha ububanzi. Amaqhuqhuva aphakamileyo emiphungeni akho nawo kunokwenzeka ukuba abe sisifo somhlaza.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ubona into ebonakala ngathi yinto encinci engenabungozi kwi-X-ray okanye kwi-CT scan, banokuyijonga okwexeshana, bathathe imifanekiso eyongezelelweyo kwisithuba seminyaka ukubona ukuba iyakhula na.

Igranuloma enkulu inokuvavanywa ngokuhamba kwexesha kusetyenziswa iskena se-positron emission tomography (PET). Olu hlobo lokucinga lusebenzisa inaliti yezinto ezinemitha ye-radio ukuchonga iindawo zokudumba okanye ukubulala.

Ugqirha wakho unokuthatha i-biopsy ye-lung granuloma ukumisela ukuba ngumhlaza na. I-biopsy ibandakanya ukususa isiqwenga esincinci sezicubu ezikrokrisayo ngenaliti encinci okanye i-bronchoscope, ityhubhu ebhityileyo efakwe emqaleni nasemiphungeni yakho. Isampulu yethishu iyavavanywa phantsi kwemicroscope.

Inyangwa njani?

Iigungulomas zemiphunga ngokwazo azidingi nyango, ngakumbi ukuba awunazimpawu.

Ngenxa yokuba ii-granulomas zihlala zisisiphumo sokuchongwa, imeko yonyango ibalulekile. Umzekelo, usulelo lwebacteria kwimiphunga yakho ebangela ukukhula kwegranuloma kufuneka inyangwe ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Imeko yokuvuvukala, efana ne-sarcoidosis, inokunyangwa nge-corticosteroids okanye amanye amayeza alwa nokudumba.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Nje ukuba unobangela ophantsi kolawulo lwe-lung granulomas, awunakuba nazo iifom ezongezekileyo kwimiphunga yakho. Ezinye iimeko, ezinje nge-sarcoidosis, azinyangi, kodwa zinokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ngelixa unokugcina amanqanaba okuvuvukala ezantsi, kunokwenzeka ukuba iigranulomas ezininzi zingenzeka.

IiLung granulomas kunye nokunye ukukhula emiphungeni yakho kuhlala kuchongwa xa ugqirha wakho efuna ezinye iingxaki zokuphefumla. Oko kuthetha ukuba kubalulekile ukuxela iimpawu ezinjengokukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nentlungu esifubeni ngokukhawuleza kugqirha wakho. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuvavanyiwe iimpawu kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba, kwangoko unokufumana unyango oluluncedo.