Uluhlu lwamayeza eRheumatoid Arthritis

Umxholo

• Ii-DMARD kunye ne-biologics
• UJanus enxulumene ne-kinase inhibitors
• Acetaminophen
• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID)
• Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, Nuprin)
• I-sodium yeNaproxen (iAleve)
• I-Aspirin (iBayer, iBufferin, iSt. Joseph)
• IiNSAID ezimiselweyo
• I-Diclofenac / i-misoprostol (iArthrotec)
• Imixholo ye-capsaicin (Capsin, Zostrix, Dolorac)
• I-Diclofenac ye-sodium yeengqungquthela ze-gel (i-Voltaren 1%)
• Isisombululo se-Diclofenac sesodium (i-Pennsaid 2%)
• Iintlungu ze-opioid iziyobisi
• ICorticosteroids
• Amajoni omzimba
• Yise kude

Ushwankathelo

I-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) lolwesibini uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo samathambo, esichaphazela malunga ne-1.5 yezigidi zabantu baseMelika. Sisifo sokudumba esibangelwa yimeko yokuzimela komzimba. Esi sifo senzeka xa umzimba wakho uhlasela izicwili zawo ezidibeneyo ezisempilweni. Oku kubangela ubomvu, ukudumba, kunye nentlungu.

Eyona njongo iphambili yamachiza eRA kukuthintela ukudumba. Oku kunceda ukuthintela umonakalo odibeneyo. Funda ukuze ufunde ngeendlela ezininzi zonyango lwe-RA.

Ii-DMARD kunye ne-biologics

Amachiza aguqula isifo se-antirheumatic (DMARDs) asetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukudumba. Ngokungafaniyo namanye amayeza anciphisa okwethutyana iintlungu kunye nokudumba, ii-DMARDs zinokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kweRA. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuba neempawu ezimbalwa kunye nomonakalo omncinci ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ii-DMARD eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-RA zibandakanya:

• ihydroxychloroquine (iPlaquenil)
• leflunomide (Arava)
• imethotrexate (Trexall)
• sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
• i-minocycline (iMinocin)

I-Biologics ngamachiza atofelwayo. Basebenza ngokuthintela iindlela ezithile zokuvuvukala ezenziwe ziiseli zomzimba. Oku kunciphisa ukudumba okubangelwa yiRA. Oogqirha bamisela i-biologics xa ii-DMARDs zodwa azonelanga ukunyanga iimpawu ze-RA. I-Biologics ayikhuthazwa kubantu abanesistim somzimba okanye isifo. Kungenxa yokuba banokuphakamisa umngcipheko wosulelo olubi.

I-biologics eqhelekileyo iquka:

• Ukubulala (Orencia)
• rituximab (Rituxan)
• tocilizumab (Actemra)
• anakinra (Kineret)
• adalimumab (Humira)
• I-etanercept (i-Enbrel)
• infliximab (I-Remicade)
• isatifikethi sepgol (Cimzia)
• igolimumab (iSimponi)

UJanus enxulumene ne-kinase inhibitors

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela la machiza ukuba ii-DMARD okanye ii-biologics azisebenzi kuwe. La mayeza achaphazela imfuza kunye nokusebenza kweeseli zomzimba emzimbeni. Bayanceda ukuthintela ukudumba kunye nokuyeka ukonakala kumalungu nakwizihlunu.

I-Janus enxulumene ne-kinase inhibitors ibandakanya:

• I-tofacitinib (Xeljanz, Xeljanz XR)
• ibhayi

IBaricitinib sisiyobisi esitsha esivavanywayo. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba isebenza kubantu abangenayo impumelelo nge-DMARD.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zala machiza zibandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• usulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla, njengosulelo lwe-sinus okanye ukubanda okuqhelekileyo
• impumlo exineneyo
• impumlo enemifinya
• umqala obuhkungu
• urhudo

Acetaminophen

I-Acetaminophen iyafumaneka kwi-counter (i-OTC) ngaphandle kommiselo kugqirha wakho. Kuza njengesiyobisi somlomo kunye ne-rectal suppository. Amanye amachiza asebenza ngakumbi ekunciphiseni ukudumba nokunyanga iintlungu kwi-RA. Kungenxa yokuba i-acetaminophen inokunyanga iintlungu eziphakathi ukuya kweziphakathi, kodwa ayinayo nayiphi na into echasene nokudumba. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle ukunyanga iRA.

Eli chiza lithwala umngcipheko weengxaki zesibindi, kubandakanya ukusilela kwesibindi. Kufuneka uthathe kuphela ichiza elinye eliqukethe i-acetaminophen ngexesha.

Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID)

Ii-NSAID ziphakathi kweziyobisi ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo zeRA. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlungu, ii-NSAID zibonakala zisebenza ngakumbi ekunyangeni iimpawu zeRA. Kungenxa yokuba bathintela ukudumba.

Abanye abantu basebenzisa ii-NTCID ze-OTC. Nangona kunjalo, ii-NSAID ezinamandla ziyafumaneka ngommiselo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-NSAID zibandakanya:

• isisu esiswini
• izilonda
• Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba okanye ukutshisa umngxuma esiswini okanye emathunjini akho
• isisu esophayo
• umonakalo kwizintso

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zinokubulala (zibangele ukufa). Ukuba usebenzisa ii-NSAID ixesha elide, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga umsebenzi wakho wezintso. Oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba sele unesifo sezintso.

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, Nuprin)

I-OTC ibuprofen yeyona NSAID ixhaphakileyo. Ngaphandle kokuba ufundiswe ngugqirha wakho, akufuneki usebenzise ibuprofen ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezininzi ngexesha. Ukuthatha eli chiza ixesha elide kunokubangela ukuphuma kwesisu. Lo mngcipheko mkhulu kubantu abadala.

Ibuprofen iyafumaneka kumandla kagqirha nawo. Kwiinguqulelo zokumiselwa, idosi iphezulu. I-Ibuprofen inokudityaniswa nolunye uhlobo lweziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba ziiopioids. Imizekelo yala machiza odityanisiweyo amiselweyo aquka:

• ibuprofen / hydrocodone (Vicoprofen)
• ibuprofen / oxycodone (Combunox)

I-sodium yeNaproxen (iAleve)

I-sodium yeNaproxen yi-OTC NSAID. Ihlala isetyenziswa njengenye indlela ye-ibuprofen. Kungenxa yokuba ibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa. Iinguqulelo zokumiselwa kweli chiza zinika iidosi ezinamandla.

I-Aspirin (iBayer, iBufferin, iSt. Joseph)

I-Aspirin sisixhobo sokuthomalalisa iintlungu zomlomo. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu ezincinci, umkhuhlane kunye nokudumba. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye nokubetha.

IiNSAID ezimiselweyo

Xa ii-OTC NSAIDs zingazinciphisi iimpawu zakho ze-RA, ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza e-NSAID. Ezi ziyobisi. Izinketho eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• iselecoxib (Celebrex)
• ibuprofen (amandla-amiselweyo)
• iNabumetone (Relafen)
• I-naproxen sodium (iAnaprox)
• I-naproxen (iNaprosyn)
• ipiroxicam (Feldene)

Ezinye ii-NSAID zibandakanya:

• diclofenac (Voltaren, Diclofenac Sodium XR, Cataflam, Cambia)
• diflunisal
• indomethacin (Indocin)
• ketoprofen (Orudis, Ketoprofen ER, Oruvail, Actron)
• I-etodolac (iLodine)
• ifenoprofen (iNalfon)
• flurbiprofen
• ketorolac (iToradol)
• mzabazib
• i-mefenamic acid (iPonstel)
• imeloxicam (iMobic)
• oxaprozin (iDaypro)
• sulindac (kwiklinikhi)
• isalalate (Disalcid, Amigesic, Marthritic, Salflex, Mono-Gesic, Anaflex, Salsitab)
• itolmetin (iTolectin)

I-Diclofenac / i-misoprostol (iArthrotec)

I-Diclofenac / misoprostol (Arthrotec) sisiyobisi somlomo esidibanisa i-NSAID diclofenac kunye ne-misoprostol. Ii-NSAID zinokubangela izilonda zesisu. Eli chiza linceda ukubathintela.

Imixholo ye-capsaicin (Capsin, Zostrix, Dolorac)

I-capsaicin topical OTC cream inokuthomalalisa iintlungu ezibangelwa yiRA. Uhlikihla le krimu kwiindawo ezibuhlungu emzimbeni wakho.

I-Diclofenac ye-sodium yeengqungquthela ze-gel (i-Voltaren 1%)

Ijeli yeVoltaren 1% yi-NSAID yokusetyenziswa kwezihloko. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyihlikihla kulusu lwakho. Kuvunyiwe ukunyanga iintlungu ezidibeneyo, kubandakanya ezandleni zakho nasemadolweni.

Eli chiza libangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifanayo kwii-NSAID zomlomo. Nangona kunjalo, ziipesenti ezi-4 kuphela zeli chiza elingene emzimbeni wakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungangabinamathuba okuba ube neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Isisombululo se-Diclofenac sesodium (i-Pennsaid 2%)

I-Diclofenac sodium (i-Pennsaid 2%) isisombululo esisetyenziselwa iintlungu zamadolo. Uyikhuhla emadolweni ukuze unciphise iintlungu.

Iintlungu ze-opioid iziyobisi

Iiopioids zezona ziintlungu zomeleleyo kwintengiso. Zifumaneka kuphela njengamayeza amiselweyo. Ziza ngomlomo kunye nefom. I-Opioids isetyenziswa kuphela kunyango lwe-RA kubantu abane-RA enesifo esibuhlungu. La machiza anokwenza imikhwa. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunika ichiza le-opioid, baya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo.

ICorticosteroids

I-Corticosteroids ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-steroids. Ziza njengeziyobisi zomlomo kunye nezitofwayo. La machiza anokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kwi-RA. Banokukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nomonakalo obangelwe kukudumba. Ezi ziyobisi azikhuthazwa ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide.

Iziphumo ezinokubandakanya:

• iswekile ephezulu yegazi
• izilonda zesisu
• igazi elonyukayo
• iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngokweemvakalelo, ezinjengokucaphuka kunye nokuzonwabisa
• ikati, okanye ukukhanya kweliso kwiliso lakho
• osteoporosis

I-Steroids esetyenziselwa i-RA ibandakanya:

• yivsentsi
• i-prednisone (iDeltasone, iSterapred, uLwelo oludlulileyo)
• dexamethasone (Dexpak Taperpak, Decadron, Hexadrol)
• icortisone
• I-hydrocortisone (iCortef, A-Hydrocort)
• i-methylprednisolone (iMedrol, iMethacort, iDepopred, iPredacorten)
• yingca

Amajoni omzimba

La machiza alwa nomonakalo obangelwe zizifo ezizimele njenge-RA. Nangona kunjalo, la machiza anokukwenza ukuba uthambekele ngakumbi ekuguleni nasosulelweni. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunika elinye lala machiza, baya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lonyango.

La machiza angena kwiifom zomlomo kunye nezitofwayo. Ziquka:

• icyclophosphamide (iCytoxan)
• I-cyclosporine (iGengraf, iNeoral, iSandimmune)
• azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran)
• ihydroxychloroquine (iPlaquenil)

Yise kude

Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumana unyango lwe-RA olusebenza ngcono kuwe. Ngezinto ezininzi ezikhoyo onokukhetha kuzo, wena nogqirha wakho niyakufumana okunciphisa iimpawu zakho zeRA kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.