Yintoni i-melena, izizathu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezi-5 eziphambili ze-melena
• 1. Isilonda esisesiswini
• 2. Ii-varices zokuqunjelwa
• 3. I-Gastritis kunye ne-esophagitis
• 4. Isifo seMallory-Weiss
• 5. Umhlaza wesisu
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

UMelena ligama lonyango elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza ubumnyama obukhulu (njenge-tar-like) kunye nezihlalo ezinukayo, eziqukethe igazi eletyisiweyo ekwakhiweni kwazo. Ke, olu hlobo lwenkunkuma luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanoluhlobo oluthile lokopha kwinkqubo yokugaya ephezulu, oko kukuthi, kwi-esophagus okanye esiswini. Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba licoleke kunye nokutya, inike isitulo umbala omnyama kakhulu.

Nanini na xa kufunyanwa ubukho bezitulo ezimnyama kakhulu ezinokuthi zibe yi-melena, kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nogqirha wamazinyo okanye ugqirha jikelele, uchonge unobangela kwaye uqalise olona nyango lufanelekileyo, ukuze unqande ukopha kwaye uphephe iingxaki ezinzulu, ezinje i-anemia, ukulahleka kwengqondo kunye nokungabikho kwamalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba.

Izizathu ezi-5 eziphambili ze-melena

Oonobangela abaqhelekileyo abadla ngokubangela ukubonakala kwe-melena zezi:

1. Isilonda esisesiswini

Isilonda esisesiswini sifana nenxeba elivela eludongeni lwesisu kwaye liyopha xa licaphukile. Xa oku kusenzeka, kwaye kuxhomekeke kubungakanani begazi elikhutshiweyo, isitulo sinokugqibela ukuba mnyama kakhulu kwaye sinuke.

Ngokwesiqhelo, isilonda sixhaphakile kubantu abane-gastritis engapheliyo kwaye, ke ngoko, phantse ihlala ihamba nezinye iimpawu ezinje ngeentlungu ezibuhlungu esiswini, esiba mandundu emva kokutya, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, umzekelo. Jonga ezinye iimpawu ezinokukunceda uchonge imeko yesilonda esiswini.

Kwenziwe ntoni: xa kukrokrelwa izilonda, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudibana ne-gastroenterologist, njengoko kubalulekile ukuba ne-endoscopy ukuqinisekisa isifo. Emva koxilongo, unyango lubandakanya ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo, kunye nokusebenzisa amayeza amiselweyo ngugqirha, anokuthi abe zi-antacids kunye nabakhuseli besisu.

2. Ii-varices zokuqunjelwa

I-varopha esophageal varices sesinye isizathu esiqhelekileyo sokuvela kwe-melena. Le mithambo ye-varicose ibandakanya ukwanda kwemithambo ethile esophagus, enokuthi ekugqibeleni iphule, ikhuphe igazi kwinkqubo yokwetyisa ethi, emva kokudlula esiswini, yenza isitulo sibe mnyama kakhulu kwaye sinuke.

Olu hlobo lwemithambo ye-varicose luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneengxaki zesibindi, ezonyusa uxinzelelo kwimithambo yenkqubo yokwetyisa, ibaxwe. Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuqhekeka kwemithambo ye-varicose kwenzeka kubantu esele besazi ukuba banolu hlobo lotshintsho kwi-esophagus, belumkiswa ngengozi yokopha. Xa bephula, ukongeza kwi-melena, imithambo ye-varicose inokubangela ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu, ezinjengokugabha ngegazi elibomvu eliqaqambileyo, ipallor, ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nepallor, umzekelo.

Kwenziwe ntoni: ukuqhekeka kwemithambo ye-varicose esophagus yimeko engxamisekileyo kwaye, ke ngoko, ukuba kukho nasiphi na isikrokro kubalulekile ukuba uye ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele ukuze uqale unyango olufanelekileyo, olunokubandakanya ukwenza utyando ukunqanda ukopha. Abantu abaneemithambo varicose kufuneka balandele ngokuchanekileyo unyango olujongwa ngugqirha, ukubathintela ukuba bangaphuli. Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba zeziphi ii-varices esophageal varices kunye nokuba baphathwa njani.

3. I-Gastritis kunye ne-esophagitis

I-Gastritis kukukrala kweendonga zesisu, kanye njengokuba ukudumba kukudumba kweendonga zomqala. Nangona, kwimeko ezininzi, oku kudumba kungabangeli ukuphuma kwegazi, xa kunganyangwa kakuhle, zombini iindonga zinokucaphuka kakhulu kwaye ziphele ngokopha kancinci. Xa oku kusenzeka, umntu unokufumana i-melena, enokuthi ikhatshwe ziintlungu zesisu, isilungulela, ukuqaqanjelwa nokugabha, ngakumbi emva kokutya.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Abantu abane-gastritis okanye i-esophagitis efunyanisiweyo kufuneka balandele unyango oluboniswe ngugastroenterologist. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho urhano lwe-melena kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nogqirha okanye uye esibhedlele, kuba ukopha kungabonisa ukuba isilonda siyakhula, umzekelo, kwaye kunokuba yimfuneko ukulungelelanisa unyango. Jonga ukuba unyango lwesisu lunokwenziwa njani.

4. Isifo seMallory-Weiss

Esi sifo sinokuvela emva kwethuba lokugabha okunamandla kwaye senzeka xa kuvela iziqhushumbisi ezincinci kwi-esophagus ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhulu ezindongeni. Kwezi meko, umntu uhlala ebonisa ukugabha okuthi ekugqibeleni kuguquke ekugabheni ngegazi kunye nokudinwa kakhulu.

Kwenziwe ntoni: ukuba ukrokrelwa ukuba une-Mallory-Weiss syndrome kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye esibhedlele uyeke ukopha kwaye uqale ukusebenzisa amayeza athile. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, utyando lunokufuneka ukuze kulungiswe ukwenzakala. Funda ngakumbi ngale syndrome kunye nonyango lwayo.

5. Umhlaza wesisu

Nangona kunqabile ngakumbi, umhlaza wesisu nawo unokubangela ukubonakala kwe-melena, njengoko ibangela ukopha kwiindonga zesisu. Nangona kunjalo, inxulunyaniswa ne-melena, ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu nazo ziyavela, ezinje ngokuhla kobunzima, ukutsha kwentliziyo, ukungabinamdla wokutya, ukuziva kwesisu esigcweleyo ngaphandle kokutya kunye nokuba buthathaka kakhulu. Jonga ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonisa ubukho besifo somhlaza esiswini.

Kwenziwe ntoni: Nawuphi na umba okrokrelwayo womhlaza kufuneka uvavanywe ngugqirha ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumaneke, unyango luya kuba lula. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango lwenziwa nge-radiotherapy kunye ne-chemotherapy, kwaye utyando lusenokuba yimfuneko ukususa indawo echaphazelekayo yesisu.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-melena luyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeka kwisizathu, nangona kunjalo, phantse kuzo zonke iimeko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uye esibhedlele ukuya kuqinisekisa ukopha nokukuyeka, ukuthintela ukubonakala kweengxaki ezinzulu, ezinje ngeanemia okanye ukusilela kwamalungu aliqela.

Ukususela ngelo xesha, ugqirha uya kuvavanya imbali yomntu ngamnye kwaye a-odole ezinye iimvavanyo, ngakumbi i-endoscopy, ukuzama ukufumanisa unobangela kwaye, ngenxa yoko, akhokele ngcono uhlobo lonyango ekufuneka lwenziwe.