Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni: Izinto ezili-11 Wonke uMfazi ekufuneka eyazi

Umxholo

• 1. Ndiza kuba neminyaka emingaphi ukuya exesheni?
• 2. Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwexesha lokuya exesheni nokuyeka ukuya exesheni?
• 3. Zeziphi iimpawu ezibangelwa ngamanqanaba ancitshisiweyo e-estrogen emzimbeni wam?
• 4. Ndazi nini ukuba ndinombane oshushu?
• Uthintelo olushushu lwefleshi
  
• 5. Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kuyichaphazela njani impilo yethambo lam?
• 6. Ngaba isifo sentliziyo sinxulunyaniswa nokuyeka ukuya exesheni?
• 7. Ngaba ndiza kuba nesisindo xa ndisiya exesheni?
• Ulawulo lobunzima
  
• 8. Ngaba ndiza kuba neempawu ezifanayo nezomama wam, udadewethu, okanye izihlobo?
• 9. Ndizokwazi njani ukuba ndiya exesheni ukuba ndiye ndafumana isibeleko?
• 10. Ngaba ukutshintshwa kwehomoni yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokulawula iingxaki zokuya exesheni?
• 11. Ngaba kukho iindlela ezingezo-hormone zokulawulwa kweempawu zokuyeka ukuya exesheni?
• Ukuthatha

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni ukuya exesheni?

Abasetyhini abadlulileyo kwiminyaka ethile baya kuba namaxesha okuyeka ukuya exesheni. Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kuchazwa njengokungayi exesheni unyaka omnye. Ubudala obufumanayo bunokwahluka, kodwa buye buqhele ukuvela emva kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-50.

Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kunokubangela iinguqu ezininzi emzimbeni wakho. Iimpawu ziziphumo zokuhla kwemveliso ye-estrogen kunye neprogesterone kwii-ovari zakho. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukukhanya okutshisayo, ukufumana ubunzima, okanye ukoma komfazi. I-atrophy yelungu lobufazi inegalelo ekumeni kwelungu lobufazi. Ngale nto, kunokubakho ukudumba kunye nokuceketheka kwezicubu zelungu lobufazi ezongeza kwisini esingathandekiyo.

Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni nako kunokunyusa umngcipheko weemeko ezithile ezinje nge-osteoporosis. Unokufumanisa ukuba ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kufuna unyango oluncinci. Okanye unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba kufuneka uxoxe ngeempawu kunye nonyango.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde malunga nezinto ezili-11 wonke umntu wasetyhini ekufuneka ezazi malunga nokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

1. Ndiza kuba neminyaka emingaphi ukuya exesheni?

Umyinge weminyaka yokuqalisa ukuya exesheni ngama-51. Uninzi lwabasetyhini bayayeka ukuya exesheni kwindawo ethile phakathi kweminyaka engama-45 ukuya kwengama-55. Amanqanaba okuqala okwehla komsebenzi we-ovary angaqala kwiminyaka ngaphambi koko kwamanye amabhinqa. Abanye baya kuqhubeka nokuya esikhathini ukuya kwiminyaka yabo yama-50.

Ubudala bokuyeka ukuya exesheni buya kugqitywa ngokwemfuza, kodwa izinto ezinjengokutshaya okanye ichemotherapy zinokukhawulezisa ukwehla kwe-ovary, zikhokelela ekuphelisweni kwexesha kwasekuqaleni.

2. Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwexesha lokuya exesheni nokuyeka ukuya exesheni?

I-Perimenopause ibhekisa kwixesha lexesha ngaphambi kokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

Ngexesha lokugqibela, umzimba wakho uqala ukutshintshela ekunqandeni. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuveliswa kwehomoni kwii-ovari zakho kuqala ukwehla. Ungaqala ukufumana ezinye zeempawu ezinxulunyaniswa nokuyeka ukuya exesheni, njengokutshisa okutshisayo. Umjikelo wakho wokuya exesheni unokungahambi kakuhle, kodwa awuyi kuyeka ngexesha lesigaba sokugqibela.

Nje ukuba uyeke kwaphela ukuba sexesheni iinyanga ezili-12 zilandelelana, ungene exesheni.

3. Zeziphi iimpawu ezibangelwa ngamanqanaba ancitshisiweyo e-estrogen emzimbeni wam?

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-75 zabasetyhini bafumana ukutshisa okutshisa ngexesha lokuyeka ukuya esikhathini, okwenza ukuba babe luphawu oluqhelekileyo olujongwa ngabafazi abasetyhini. Ukukhanya okutshisayo kunokwenzeka emini okanye ebusuku. Abanye abantu basetyhini banokufumana iintlungu zemisipha kunye nokudibana, okwaziwa ngokuba yiarthralgia, okanye ukutshintsha kwemozulu.

Kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba ezi mpawu zibangelwe kukutshintsha kwehomoni yakho, iimeko zobomi, okanye inkqubo yokwaluphala.

4. Ndazi nini ukuba ndinombane oshushu?

Ngexesha elitshisayo, uya kuziva ubushushu bomzimba wakho benyuka. Ukukhanya okushushu kuchaphazela isiqingatha somzimba wakho, kwaye ulusu lwakho lusenokujika lube bomvu ngombala okanye lube blotchy. Oku kukhawuleza kobushushu kunokubangela ukubila, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye neemvakalelo zesiyezi. Emva kwesibane eshushu, unokuziva ubanda.

Ukutshisa okutshisayo kunokuza mihla le okanye ngamanye amaxesha ngemini. Unokuzifumana ekuhambeni konyaka okanye kwiminyaka eliqela.

Ukuphepha izinto ezinokubangela kunganciphisa inani lezinto ezishushu ozifumanayo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukutya utywala okanye icaffeine
• ukutya ukutya okuqhwethayo
• uziva uxinezelekile
• ukuba kwindawo eshushu

Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutshaya kunokwenza ukuba kushushu kakhulu.

Amasu ambalwa anokunceda ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwakho kunye neempawu zabo:

• Nxiba kumaleya ukunceda ukukhanya, kwaye usebenzise ifeni ekhayeni lakho okanye eofisini.
• Yenza imithambo yokuphefumla ngexesha leshushu ukuze uzame ukunciphisa.

Amachiza afana neepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, unyango lwehomoni, okanye neminye imigqaliselo inokukunceda ukunciphisa ukukhanya. Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yokulawula ukukhanya okushushu ngokwakho.

Uthintelo olushushu lwefleshi

• Gwema izinto ezinokubangela ukutya njengokutya okunezipayisi, icaffeine, okanye utywala. Ukutshaya kunokwenza ukuba kushushu ngakumbi.
• Nxiba ngokwamaleko.
• Sebenzisa ifeni emsebenzini okanye ekhayeni lakho ukukunceda ukupholisa.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza anokukunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zakho ezishushu.

5. Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kuyichaphazela njani impilo yethambo lam?

Ukwehla kwemveliso ye-estrogen kunokuchaphazela inani le-calcium emathanjeni akho. Oku kunokubangela ukwehla okubonakalayo koxinzelelo lwethambo, okukhokelela kwimeko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-osteoporosis. Inokukwenza ukuba ube semngciphekweni wokuqunjelwa, umqolo kunye nolunye ulwaphulo lwamathambo. Abasetyhini abaninzi banamava akhawulezayo okuphulukana nethambo kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala emva kokuba sexesheni.

Ukugcina amathambo akho esempilweni:

• Yitya ukutya okune-calcium eninzi, enje ngeemveliso zobisi okanye imifuno enamagqabi amnyama.
• Thatha izongezo ze vithamin D.
• Zilolonge rhoqo kwaye ubandakanye noqeqesho lobunzima kwimithambo yakho.
• Nciphisa ukuselwa kotywala.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya.

Kukho amayeza kagqirha onokufuna ukuxoxa nawo nogqirha wakho ukukhusela ukulahleka kwethambo ngokunjalo.

6. Ngaba isifo sentliziyo sinxulunyaniswa nokuyeka ukuya exesheni?

Iimeko ezinxulumene nentliziyo yakho zinokuvela ngexesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni, ezinje ngesiyezi okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo. Ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-estrogen kunokuthintela umzimba wakho ekugcineni imithambo eguqukayo. Oku kunokuchaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi.

Ukujonga ubunzima bakho, ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokutya okunesondlo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokungatshayi kunokunciphisa amathuba okuphuhliswa kweemeko zentliziyo.

7. Ngaba ndiza kuba nesisindo xa ndisiya exesheni?

Utshintsho kumanqanaba akho ehomoni kunokubangela ukuba utyebe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuguga kunokuba negalelo ekuzuzeni ubunzima.

Gxila ekugcineni ukutya okunesondlo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, kunye nokuziqhelanisa neminye imikhwa esempilweni yokunceda ukulawula ubunzima bakho. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokwandisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile kunye nezinye iimeko.

Ulawulo lobunzima

• Gxila kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni yokulawula ubunzima bakho.
• Yitya ukutya okusondeleyo okubandakanya ukonyusa ikhalsiyam kunye nokunciphisa ukutya iswekile.
• Yenza imizuzu engama-150 ngeveki yokuzivocavoca umzimba, okanye imizuzu engama-75 ngeveki yokuzivocavoca umzimba, njengokusebenza.
• Musa ukulibala ukufaka imithambo eyomeleleyo nakwisiqhelo sakho.

8. Ngaba ndiza kuba neempawu ezifanayo nezomama wam, udadewethu, okanye izihlobo?

Iimpawu zokuyeka ukuya exesheni zahlukile kumfazi ngamnye, kwanakwiintsapho ezifanayo. Ubudala kunye nenqanaba lokwehla komsebenzi we-ovary zahluke kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuyakufuneka ulawule ixesha lakho lokuya exesheni ngokukodwa. Into esebenze kumama wakho okanye umhlobo osenyongweni isenokungakusebenzeli.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokuyeka ukuya exesheni. Banokukunceda uqonde iimpawu zakho kwaye ufumane iindlela zokuzilawula ezisebenza ngendlela ophila ngayo.

9. Ndizokwazi njani ukuba ndiya exesheni ukuba ndiye ndafumana isibeleko?

Ukuba isibeleko sakho besisuswe ngotyando nge-hysterectomy, ngekhe wazi ukuba uya exesheni ngaphandle kokuba ubanemibane eshushu.

Oku kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba unesisu sokuphelisa i-endometrium kwaye ii-ovari zakho azisuswanga. Ukupheliswa kwe-Endometrial kukususwa kwebala lesibeleko sakho njengonyango lokuya exesheni okunzima.

Ukuba awunayo nayiphi na impawu, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokumisela ukuba ii-ovari zakho zisasebenza na. Olu vavanyo lunokusetyenziselwa ukunceda oogqirha bafumane inqanaba lakho le-estrogen, elinokuba luncedo ukuba usemngciphekweni we-osteoporosis. Kungenxa yokuba ukwazi imeko yakho ye-estrogen kunokuba kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ufuna uvavanyo lokuxinana kwethambo.

10. Ngaba ukutshintshwa kwehomoni yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokulawula iingxaki zokuya exesheni?

Iindlela ezininzi zokunyanga iihomoni zivunyiwe yi-FDA kunyango lwezibane ezishushu kunye nokuthintela ukulahleka kwethambo. Izibonelelo kunye neengozi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubukhali bokubengezela kwakho okushushu kunye nelahleko yethambo, kunye nempilo yakho. Olu nyango lusenokungakulungeli. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuzama naluphi na unyango lwehomoni.

11. Ngaba kukho iindlela ezingezo-hormone zokulawulwa kweempawu zokuyeka ukuya exesheni?

Unyango lwehormone alunakuba lolona lufanelekileyo kuwe. Ezinye iimeko zonyango zinokuthintela ukuba ungabinakho ukusebenzisa unyango lwehomoni ngokukhuselekileyo okanye unokukhetha ukungasebenzisi olo hlobo lonyango ngenxa yezizathu zakho. Utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo unokukunceda ukhulule uninzi lweempawu zakho ngaphandle kwesidingo songenelelo lwehomoni.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokubandakanya:

• ukuhla ukusinda
• umthambo
• ukunciphisa ubushushu begumbi
• ukuphepha ukutya okunyusa iimpawu
• unxibe iimpahla ezilula zomqhaphu kwaye unxibe iileya

Olunye unyango olunjengezonyango, i-self-hypnosis, i-acupuncture, i-dose ephantsi ye-anti-depressants, kunye namanye amayeza anokunceda ekunciphiseni ukukhanya.

Amayeza aliqela avunyiweyo yi-FDA angasetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukulahleka kwethambo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• i-bisphosphonates, efana ne-risedronate (Actonel, Atelvia) kunye ne-zoledronic acid (Reclast)
• Iimodulators ezikhethiweyo ze-estrogen ezifana ne-raloxifene (Evista)
• calcitonin (Fortical, Miacalcin)
• Idenosumab (Prolia, Xgeva)
• ihomoni yeparathyroid, enjenge-teriparatide (Forteo)
• iimveliso ezithile ze-estrogen

Unokufumana izinto zokuthambisa ezingaphezulu kwekhawuntareni, iikhrimu ze-estrogen, okanye ezinye iimveliso zinceda ukoma kwilungu lobufazi.

Ivenkile yezinto zokuthambisa kwilungu lobufazi.

Ukuthatha

Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni yinxalenye yendalo kumjikelo wobomi bomfazi. Lixesha apho amanqanaba e-estrogen kunye neprogesterone ancipha. Ukulandela ukuya exesheni, umngcipheko weemeko ezithile ezinje nge-osteoporosis okanye isifo sentliziyo kunokunyuka.

Ukulawula iimpawu zakho, gcina ukutya okusempilweni kwaye ufumane umthambo omninzi ukunqanda ukutyeba okungeyomfuneko.

Kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nogqirha wakho ukuba unempawu ezimbi ezichaphazela amandla akho okusebenza, okanye ukuba ubona nantoni na engaqhelekanga enokufuna ukujongwa kufutshane. Zininzi iindlela zonyango onokukhetha kuzo ukunceda ngeempawu ezinjengokubengezela kushushu.

Jonga ugqirha wakho ngexesha leemviwo zesibeleko rhoqo njengoko usiya exesheni.