Ngaba ufanele uziphephe iintlanzi ngenxa yemercury?

Umxholo

• Kutheni iMercury Ingxaki
• Ezinye iintlanzi ziphezulu kakhulu kwiMercury
• Ukuqokelela kwiNtlanzi nakubantu
• Iziphumo ezibi zeMpilo
• Abanye abantu baseMngciphekweni omkhulu
• Umgca osezantsi

Intlanzi yenye yezona zinto zokutya ezisempilweni onokuzitya.

Kungenxa yokuba ngumthombo omkhulu weprotheni, ii-micronutrients, kunye namafutha asempilweni.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zentlanzi zinokuqulatha amanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury, eyityhefu.

Ngapha koko, ukubonakaliswa kwemekyuri kudityaniswe neengxaki ezinzulu zempilo.

Eli nqaku likuxelela ukuba kuya kufuneka uphephe iintlanzi ngaphezulu kokudyobheka kwe-mercury.

Kutheni iMercury Ingxaki

Imercury sisinyithi esinzima esifumaneka ngokwasemoyeni, emanzini nasemhlabeni.

Ikhutshwe kwindalo esingqongileyo ngeendlela ezininzi, kubandakanya iinkqubo zeshishini njengokutshisa amalahle okanye imicimbi yendalo njengokuqhuma.

Iifom ezintathu eziphambili zikhona- elemental (metallic), inorganic, kunye organic ().

Abantu banokuvezwa kule toxin ngeendlela ezininzi, ezinje ngokuphefumla umphunga wemekyuri ngexesha lezemigodi kunye nomsebenzi wezemizi-mveliso.

Unokuvezwa ngokutya iintlanzi kunye neembaza kuba ezi zilwanyana zifunxa imixube esezantsi ye-mercury ngenxa yongcoliseko lwamanzi.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, i-methylmercury- ifom ye-organic-inokugxila kwimizimba yabo.

I-Methylmercury inetyhefu, ibangela iingxaki zempilo xa ifikelela kumanqanaba athile emzimbeni wakho.

Imercury sisinyithi esinzima esenzeka ngokwendalo. Inokwakha kwimizimba yeentlanzi ngohlobo lwe-methylmercury, enetyhefu enkulu.

Ezinye iintlanzi ziphezulu kakhulu kwiMercury

Isixa semekyuri kwiintlanzi nakwezinye iintlanzi zaselwandle zixhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye namanqanaba okungcoliseka kwendalo.

Olunye uphononongo olusuka kwi-1998 ukuya kwi-2005 yafumanisa ukuba i-27% yeentlanzi ezivela kwimilambo engama-291 ejikeleze i-United States iqulethe ngaphezulu komda ocetyiswayo (2).

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba isinye kwisithathu seentlanzi ezibanjiswe kunxweme lwaseNew Jersey zinamazinga e-mercury aphezulu kunama-0.5 eepesenti kwisigidi (ppm) - inqanaba elinokubangela iingxaki zempilo kubantu abatya le ntlanzi rhoqo ().

Ngokubanzi, iintlanzi ezinkulu kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide zihlala ziqulathe eyona mercury ().

Oku kubandakanya ukrebe, i-swordfish, ityhuna entsha, i-marlin, i-king mackerel, i-tilefish evela kwi-Gulf of Mexico, kunye ne-pike esemantla ().

Iintlanzi ezinkulu zihlala zitya iintlanzi ezincinci ezininzi, eziqukethe isixa esincinci se-mercury. Njengoko ingakhutshwa ngokulula kwimizimba yabo, amanqanaba aqokeleleka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba kukuqokelelwa kwezinto ().

Amanqanaba eMercury kwiintlanzi alinganiswa njengenxalenye yesigidi (ppm). Nanga amanqanaba aphakathi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zentlanzi kunye nokutya kwaselwandle, ukusuka kwelona liphezulu ukuya kwelona liphantsi ():

• Intlanzi yeswedi: 0.995 ngomzuzu
• Ukrebe: 0.979 ipm
• UKumkani mackerel: 0.730 ngomzuzu
• Ityhuna ye-Bigeye: 0.689 ipm
• UMarlin: 0.485 ipm
• Ityhuna enkonkxiweyo 0.128 ipm
• Ikhowudi: 0.111 ipm
• Ilobster yaseMelika: 0.107 ipm
• I-Whitefish: 0.089 ipm
• Ukufukama: 0.084 ipm
• Hake: 0.079 ipm
• Umqala: 0.071 ipm
• Unonkala: 0.065 ippm
• IHaddock: 0.055 ipm
• Ukubetha: 0.051 ipm
• Imackerel yeAtlantic: 0.050 ipm
• Icrayfish: 0.035 ipm
• Ipollock: 0.031 ipm
• Intlanzi yekati: 0.025 ipm
• Isikwati: 0.023 ippm
• Islamoni: 0.022 ipm
• Iianchovies: 0.017 ipm
• Isardadi: 0.013 ippm
• Iimbatyisi: 0.012 ipm
• IScallops: 0.003 ppm
• I-shrimp: 0.001 ppm

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeentlanzi kunye nezinye iintlanzi zaselwandle zinexabiso leemercury. Iintlanzi ezinkulu kunye nexesha elide zihlala ziqukethe amanqanaba aphezulu.

Ukuqokelela kwiNtlanzi nakubantu

Ukutya iintlanzi kunye ne-shellfish ngowona mthombo uphambili wokubonakaliswa kwe-mercury ebantwini nakwizilwanyana. Ukubonakaliswa-nokuba kungamanani amancinci- kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo (,).

Into ebangela umdla kukuba, amanzi olwandle aqukethe kuphela i-methylmercury encinci.

Nangona kunjalo, izityalo zolwandle ezifana nobulembu ziyayifunxa. Iintlanzi emva koko zitya i-algae, zifunxa kwaye zigcina imekyuri yayo. Inkulu, iintlanzi ezitya inyama emva koko ziqokelela amanqanaba aphezulu ngokutya iintlanzi ezincinci (,).

Ngapha koko, inkulu, intlanzi etyiwayo inokuba ne-mercury concentrations ukuya kumaxesha ali-10 aphezulu kuneentlanzi abazityayo. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-biomagnification (11).

Iiarhente zikarhulumente wase-US zicebisa ukuba kugcinwe imilinganiselo yakho yegazi ingezantsi kwe-5.0 mcg kwilitha nganye (12)

Olunye uphononongo lwase-US kubantu abangama-89 bafumanisa ukuba amanqanaba e-mercury asukela kwi-2.0-8.5.5 mcg kwilitha nganye, ngokomndilili. I-whopping 89% ibinamanqanaba aphezulu kunelona liphezulu ().

Ukongeza, uphononongo luqaphele ukuba ukutya iintlanzi okuphezulu kunxulunyaniswe namanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury.

Ngaphezulu, izifundo ezininzi zichonge ukuba abantu abadla rhoqo iintlanzi ezinkulu-ezinje nge-pike kunye ne-perch-banamazinga aphezulu e-mercury (,).

Ukutya iintlanzi ezininzi-ngakumbi iintlobo ezinkulu-kunxulunyaniswe namanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury emzimbeni.

Iziphumo ezibi zeMpilo

Ukubonakaliswa kwimercury kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ().

Kubantu nakwizilwanyana, amanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury ayanyaniswa neengxaki zobuchopho.

Isifundo kubantu abadala baseBrazil abali-129 bafumanisa ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury ezinweleni ayanyaniswa nokwehla kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi, ubuchule, inkumbulo, kunye nengqwalaselo ().

Izifundo zamva nje zikwadibanisa ukubhencwa kwizinyithi ezinzima-ezinje nge-mercury- kwiimeko ezifana ne-Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, autism, uxinzelelo, kunye noxinzelelo ().

Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uphando olungakumbi ukuqinisekisa eli khonkco.

Ukongeza, ukubonakaliswa kwemekyuri kubotshelelwe kuxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, umngcipheko owandayo wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kunye ne-cholesterol “embi” ye-LDL (,,,,,).

Olunye uphononongo kumadoda ayi-1,800 lafumanisa ukuba abo banamazinga aphezulu e-mercury babephindwe kabini ukubhubha ngenxa yeengxaki ezinxulumene nentliziyo kunamadoda anamanqanaba asezantsi ().

Nangona kunjalo, izibonelelo zondlo lweentlanzi zinokubodlula ubungozi ekuvezweni kwe-mercury-okoko nje ulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwakho kwentlanzi ephezulu ye-mercury ().

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury anokulimaza ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nempilo yentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, izibonelelo zempilo zokutya iintlanzi zinokubodlula obu bungozi ukuba nje unciphisa ukuthathwa kweentlanzi eziphezulu ze-mercury.

Abanye abantu baseMngciphekweni omkhulu

Imercury kwiintlanzi ayichaphazeli wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo. Ke ngoko, abantu abathile kufuneka bathathe unonophelo olongezelelekileyo.

Abantu abasemngciphekweni kubandakanya abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abanokukhulelwa, abanyisayo kunye nabantwana abancinci.

Iimbumba kunye nabantwana basesichengeni sobungozi be-mercury, kwaye i-mercury inokudluliselwa ngokulula kumntwana okhulelweyo okanye kumama oncancisayo.

Olunye uphononongo lwezilwanyana luveze ukuba ukuvezwa kwamayeza asezantsi e-methylmercury ngexesha leentsuku ezili-10 zokuqala zokukhulelwa kungasebenzi kakuhle kwiimpuku zabantu abadala ().

Olunye uphononongo lubonise ukuba abantwana bavezwa yi-mercury ngelixa besesibelekweni besilwa nengqwalaselo, inkumbulo, ulwimi kunye nokusebenza kwemoto (,).

Ukongeza, olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba amaqela athile obuhlanga- kubandakanya amaMelika aseMelika, amaAsia, kunye nePacific Islanders- banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuvezwa kwemekyuri ngenxa yokutya ngokwesiko okuphezulu kwintlanzi ().

Abafazi abakhulelweyo, oomama abancancisayo, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabo bahlala besitya isixa esikhulu seentlanzi banomngcipheko ophezulu weengxaki ezinxulumene nokuvezwa kwemekyuri.

Umgca osezantsi

Ngokubanzi, akufanele ukoyike ukutya iintlanzi.

Iintlanzi zingumthombo obalulekileyo we-omega-3 fatty acids kwaye zibonelela ngezinye izibonelelo.

Ngapha koko, kucetyiswa ngokubanzi ukuba uninzi lwabantu lutya ubuncinci iintlanzi ezimbini ngeveki.

Nangona kunjalo, uLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) licebisa abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wetyhefu ye-mercury- njengabafazi abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo- ukugcina ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo ():

• Yitya i-2-3 servings (227-340 gram) yeentlanzi ezahlukeneyo veki nganye.
• Khetha iintlanzi ezisezantsi ezise-mercury kunye neentlanzi zaselwandle, ezifana ne-salmon, i-shrimp, i-cod kunye ne-sardines.
• Gwema intlanzi ephezulu ye-mercury, njenge-tilefish evela kwi-Gulf yaseMexico, i-shark, i-swordfish kunye ne-king mackerel.
• Xa ukhetha intlanzi entsha, jonga iingcebiso malunga neentlanzi kule milambo okanye amachibi.

Ukulandela ezi ngcebiso kuya kukunceda wandise izibonelelo zokutya iintlanzi ngelixa unciphisa umngcipheko wokuvezwa kwemekyuri.