Yintoni iNyukliya Sclerosis?

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Kutheni isenzeka?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Ukunyanga le meko
• Imbonakalo yesifo senyukliya
• Iingcebiso ngempilo yamehlo

Ushwankathelo

I-Nuclear sclerosis ibhekisa ebumnyameni, ekubeni lukhuni, kunye nokutyheli kombindi welensi kwiliso elibizwa ngokuba yi-nucleus.

I-Nuclear sclerosis ixhaphake kakhulu ebantwini. Inokwenzeka kwakhona ezinja, iikati, kunye namahashe. Ihlala ikhula kwi. Olu tshintsho luyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuguga kweliso.

Ukuba i-sclerosis kunye namafu kunzima ngokwaneleyo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-cataract yenyukliya. Ngombono ochaphazeleka ngamehlo, ukulungiswa kwesiqhelo kukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ilensi enamafu kwaye endaweni yelensi eyenziweyo.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

I-sclerosis yenyukliya ehambelana nobudala iguqula ukugxila kwelensi ngombono okufutshane. Ukufiphala kufutshane nombono obangelwa bubudala kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-presbyopia. Umbono okufutshane usetyenziselwa imisebenzi efana nokufunda, ukusebenza kwikhompyuter, okanye ukunitha. Oku kunokulungiswa ngokulula ngeglasi yokufunda kunye nemigqaliselo efanelekileyo yokulungisa ukusebenza kwelensi yokuqina.

Ngokwahlukileyo, i-cataract yenyukliya ichaphazela umbono omgama ngakumbi kunombono okufutshane. Isiphumo esinye seekati kukuba zinokwenza ukuqhuba kube nzima ngakumbi. Ukuba une-cataract yenyukliya, unokuba nezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• kunzima ukubona iimpawu zezitalato, iimoto, indlela, kunye nabahamba ngeenyawo xa uqhuba
• izinto ezibonakala zifiphele kwaye imibala yaphela
• kunzima ukubona izinto ngokukhanya okuqaqambileyo
• Ukufumana ukukhanya okumandundu ngakumbi kwizibane zasebusuku ebusuku

Umbono wakho usenokubonakala utyhafile okanye ungacacanga, okanye ngamanye amaxesha unokubona kabini.

Kutheni isenzeka?

Izinto ezenza iilensi zeliso zenziwe ziiproteni kunye namanzi. Imicu yezinto zelensi zicwangciswe ngendlela enocwangco, evumela ukukhanya ukuba kudlule.

Njengoko sikhula, iifayibha ezintsha zenza imiphetho yeelensi. Oku kutyhala iilensi ezindala ukuya embindini weelensi, kubangela ukuba iziko libe lishinyeneyo kwaye libe nelifu. Iilensi zinokuthatha umbala omthubi.

Ukuba isifo senyukliya siqine ngokwaneleyo, ibizwa ngokuba yikati yenyukliya. Iiproteni ezikwiilensi ziqala ukubambeka, zisasaza ukukhanya endaweni yokuvumela ukuba kudlule. I-cataract ibangela konke ukungaboni emhlabeni, kwaye i-cataract yenyukliya lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo.

I-Cataract inokuba yinto eqhelekileyo yokuguga, kodwa inokuthi yenzeke kwangoko ngenxa yokuvezwa kukukhanya kwe-UV, ukutshaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-steroid. Isifo seswekile sikwayimingcipheko kwamehlo.

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Ugqirha wamehlo, ugqirha wamehlo, okanye ugqirha wamehlo unokujonga isifo sokuqina kwemithambo kunye nokuqaqanjelwa ngamehlo ngamehlo ngokujonga ngenyameko iliso. Ukugcwala kunye nokutyheli kwenyukliya kunokuchongwa ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukuba amehlo akho ahlolwe minyaka le, nokuba awunangxaki zibonakalayo ngombono wakho.

Iimvavanyo ezininzi ziluncedo ekufumaniseni i-sclerosis yenyukliya kunye neekati zenyukliya:

• Uvavanyo lwamehlo olucocekileyo. Ngethuba lovavanyo, ugqirha ubeka amathontsi emehlweni ukwenza abafundi bavule (vuleke). Oko kwenza ukuba kube nakho ukubona ngaphakathi kwelensi kunye nangaphakathi kwamehlo, kubandakanya i-retina yokujonga ukukhanya ngasemva kweliso.
• Slit isibane okanye uvavanyo lwe-biomicroscope. Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha ukhanyisa umqadi omncinci wokukhanya kwiso ukwenza ukuba kuhlolwe ngononophelo iilensi, indawo emhlophe yamehlo, i-cornea, kunye nolunye ulungiselelo emehlweni.
• Isicatshulwa esibomvu. Ugqirha ugxotha ukukhanya kumphezulu wamehlo kwaye usebenzisa isixhobo esikhulayo esibizwa ngokuba yi-ophthalmoscope ukujonga ukukhanya kokukhanya. Ngamehlo asempilweni, ukubonakaliswa ngumbala oqaqambileyo obomvu kwaye ujongeka ngokufanayo emehlweni omabini.

Ukunyanga le meko

I-sclerosis yenyukliya ehambelana nobudala ayifuni kutyando, isibini esifanelekileyo sokufunda iiglasi. Ukuba ubulukhuni kunye nobumnyama bujika bube zii cataract zenyukliya, umbono kunye nemeko yakho iya konakala kancinci ekuhambeni kwexesha. Kodwa kunokuba yiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba ufumane iilensi endaweni yazo.

Unokwazi ukulibazisa utyando lwe-cataract yenyukliya ukuba umbono wakho awuchaphazeleki ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso:

• Gcina iyeza lakho leglasi lilungele.
• Kuphephe ukuqhuba ebusuku.
• Sebenzisa izibane ezinamandla ukufunda.
• Nxiba izibuko zelanga ezichasene nelitha.
• Sebenzisa iglasi yokukhulisa ukunceda ekufundeni.

Iingxaki ezinzima zoqhaqho lwamehlo zingaqhelekanga. Ukuba iingxaki zenzeka, zingakhokelela ekulahlekelweni kombono. Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• usulelo
• ukudumba ngaphakathi kweliso
• Ukubekwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kweelensi ezingezizo ngexesha lotyando
• iilensi ezingezizo ezokutshintsha indawo
• iretina detachment evela ngasemva kweliso

Kwabanye abantu, ipokotho yeethishu elisweni eligcina ilensi entsha endaweni yayo (iphilisi engasemva) inokuba lilifu kwaye iphazamise umbono wakho kwakhona emva kotyando lwekati. Ugqirha wakho unokukulungisa oku ngokusebenzisa i-laser ukususa amafu. Oku kuvumela ukukhanya ukuba kudlule kwilensi entsha engathintelwanga.

Imbonakalo yesifo senyukliya

Utshintsho olunxulumene nobudala njenge-sclerosis yenyukliya alufuni ziyobisi okanye utyando. Ukuqina kwelensi kunokuphazamisa umbono, kodwa oku kunokulungiswa ngokufunda iiglasi. Ukuba ukuqina kwelensi kuqhubela phambili ngamehlo, ukubuyisela iilensi ngotyando kukhuselekile ngokubanzi kwaye kuguqula ukulahleka kombono.

Iingcebiso ngempilo yamehlo

Njengokuba usiya ukhula, kubalulekile ukuba ube neemviwo ezibanzi zamehlo rhoqo ukubamba iimeko ezinje nge-nyukle sclerosis kunye ne-cataract kwangethuba. Ukuba ubona utshintsho kumbono wakho, ngakumbi utshintsho olukhawulezileyo, yenza uvavanyo lwamehlo.

IAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology icebisa ukuba ufumane uvavanyo lwamehlo olusisiseko xa uneminyaka engama-40 okanye kwakamsinya ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu ngenxa:

• isifo seswekile
• igazi elonyukayo
• Imbali yosapho yezifo zamehlo

Abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu abasemngciphekweni weemeko zamehlo kufuneka bahlolwe yonke iminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwe-2, njengoko kucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo ngokubanzi kuthatha imizuzu engama-45 ukuya kwengama-90 kwaye kuhlala kugutyungelwe yinshurensi yezonyango.

Kwakhona kubalulekile ekuncedeni ukunciphisa utshintsho lweelensi kukunxiba iiglasi zelanga kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya.