I-Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT)

Umxholo

• Zithini izizathu zePAT?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wePAT?
• Zithini iimpawu zePAT?
• Ichongwa njani iPAT?
• Luthini unyango lwePAT?
• Amayeza
• Amayeza okuphila
• Ukucinywa kwecatheter
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nePAT?
• Ndingayithintela njani iPAT?
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni i-paroxysmal atrial tachycardia?

I-Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia luhlobo lwe-arrhythmia, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga. I-Paroxysmal ithetha ukuba isiqendu se-arrhythmia siqala kwaye siphela ngokukhawuleza. I-Atrial ithetha ukuba i-arrhythmia iqala kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (atria). I-Tachycardia ithetha ukuba intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza ngokungaqhelekanga. I-Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).

Ezinye iintlobo ze-tachycardia eziqala kwi-atria ziquka:

• i-fibrillation ye-atrial
• I-flutter ye-atrial
• Iswekile yeWolff-Parkinson-White

I-PAT inokubangela ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntu omdala kunyuke ukusuka phakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-100 beats ngomzuzu (bpm) ukuya phakathi kwe-130 kunye ne-230 bpm. Iintsana nabantwana ngesiqhelo banezinga eliphezulu lentliziyo kunabantu abadala- phakathi kwe-100 ukuya kwi-130 bpm. Xa usana okanye umntwana enePAT, ukubetha kwentliziyo yakhe kuya kuba ngaphezulu kwe-220 bpm. I-PAT yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo ye-tachycardia kwiintsana nasebantwaneni.

Kwiimeko ezininzi le meko ayisongeli ubomi, kodwa isenokungonwabi. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, abanye abantu abane-Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome banokukhula ngenqanaba lentliziyo elikhawulezayo elisongela ubomi.

Zithini izizathu zePAT?

I-PAT yenzeka xa imiqondiso yombane eqala kwi-atria yentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga. Oku kuchaphazela imiqondiso yombane ethunyelwa kwi-node ye-sinoatrial, eyintliziyo yendalo yentliziyo yakho. Inqanaba lentliziyo yakho liya kukhawulezisa. Oku kuthintela intliziyo yakho ekubeni nexesha elaneleyo lokugcwalisa igazi ngaphambi kokumpompa igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba wakho awunakufumana gazi laneleyo okanye ioksijini.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wePAT?

Abasetyhini basemngciphekweni omkhulu wePAT kunamadoda. Impilo yakho yeemvakalelo inokuchaphazela umngcipheko wePAT.

Ukuba uphelile emzimbeni okanye unoxinzelelo usengozini enkulu kule meko. Umngcipheko we-PAT nawo uyenyuka ukuba usela kakhulu icaffeine okanye usela utywala yonke imihla.

Ukuba neminye imiba yentliziyo efana nembali yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye isifo se-mitral valve kungonyusa umngcipheko. Abantwana abanesifo sentliziyo esibelekweni basemngciphekweni omkhulu wePAT.

Zithini iimpawu zePAT?

Abanye abantu abanamava e-PAT, ngelixa abanye banokuqaphela:

• intloko elula
• isiyezi
• Ukubetha, okanye ukonyuka kwentliziyo
• i-angina, okanye iintlungu esifubeni
• ukuphefumla

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-PAT inokubangela:

• ukubanjwa kwe-cardiac
• ukungabikho zingqondweni

Ichongwa njani iPAT?

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa nge-electrocardiogram (ECG) ukunceda ukufumanisa i-PAT. I-ECG ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni yakho. Ugqirha wakho uyakukucela ukuba ulale phantsi kwaye emva koko unamathisele ii-electrode esifubeni sakho, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni. Kuya kufuneka uhlale uzolile kwaye ubambe umphefumlo wakho imizuzwana embalwa. Kubalulekile ukuhlala uzolile kwaye ukhululeke. Nokuba intshukumo encinci inokuchaphazela iziphumo.

Ii-electrode esifubeni sakho, iingalo, kunye nemilenze zincamathele kwiingcingo ezithumela umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho kumatshini oziprintayo njengoluhlu lwemigca ye-wavy. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya le datha ukumisela ukuba inqanaba lentliziyo yakho liphezulu kunesiqhelo okanye unesingqisho esingaqhelekanga.

Unako ukwenza olu vavanyo ngelixa usenza imithambo elula yokulinganisa utshintsho entliziyweni yakho phantsi koxinzelelo. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukuvavanya uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Kunganzima ukubamba isiqendu sakho se-PAT, ke ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukuba unxibe esweni i-Holter. Ugqirha wakho uya kufaka ii-electrode ezimbini okanye ezintathu esifubeni sakho, njenge-ECG. Uya kunxiba esi sixhobo iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 (okanye nangaphezulu) ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla, emva koko uyibuyisele kugqirha. Esi sixhobo siza kurekhoda nayiphi na into ebetha ngamandla entliziyweni eyenzeka ngelixa uyinxibileyo.

Luthini unyango lwePAT?

Uninzi lwabantu abanePAT aludingi unyango kwimeko yabo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango okanye amayeza ukuba iziqendu zakho zenzeka rhoqo okanye zihlala ixesha elide.

Ukuqhuba kweVagal kucothisa ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ngokukhuthaza i-vagus nerve yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba usebenzise enye yezi ndlela zilandelayo zokuhamba ngexesha lesithuba se-PAT:

• i-carotid sinus massage, okanye ukusebenzisa uxinzelelo oluncinci entanyeni yakho apho amasebe akho e-carotid artery
• ukufaka uxinzelelo olunobunono kwiinkophe ezivaliweyo
• i-valsalva maneuver, okanye ucinezela iimpumlo zakho kunye ngelixa ukhupha impumlo yakho
• dive reflex, okanye ungene emanzini okanye emzimbeni emanzini apholileyo

Amayeza

Ukuba uhlala ufumana iziqendu ze-PAT kunye neendlela ezichazwe apha ngasentla azibuyisi izinga lentliziyo eliqhelekileyo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza. La mayeza angabandakanya i-flecainide (Tambocor) okanye ipropafenone (Rythmol). Zifumaneka ngeendlela ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika inaliti eofisini yabo okanye ipilisi onokuthi uyithathe ngexesha lesiqendu sePAT.

Amayeza okuphila

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba unciphise ukutya kwakho icaffeine kunye notywala, kwaye uyeke okanye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwecuba. Kananjalo baya kufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana ukuphumla okuninzi.

Ukucinywa kwecatheter

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo nezibi kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukunciphisa i-catheter. Le yinkqubo ye-nonsurgical esusa izicwili kwindawo yentliziyo ebangela ukunyuka kwentliziyo.

Ngexesha lenkqubo, ugqirha wakho uya kubeka i-catheter ngokuchasene nendawo enokubangela. Baza kuthumela amandla amaza oonomathotholo nge-catheter ukuvelisa ubushushu obaneleyo bokutshabalalisa indawo echanekileyo.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nePAT?

Iingxaki zePAT ziyahluka ngenqanaba kunye nexesha lokubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga. Iingxaki ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni unentliziyo esezantsi.

Abanye abantu abane-PAT banokuba semngciphekweni wamahlwili egazi anokubangela isifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha. Kwezo meko, oogqirha bahlala bemisela amayeza anje nge-dabigatran (Pradaxa) okanye i-warfarin (Coumadin). La mayeza anciphisa igazi kwaye anciphise umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iingxaki zinokubandakanya ukusilela kwentliziyo kunye ne-cardiomyopathy.

Ndingayithintela njani iPAT?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-PAT kukuphepha ukutshaya, kunye nokunciphisa ukusela utywala kunye neziselo ezinekofu. Ukwenza umthambo rhoqo kunye nokuphumla okuninzi kuyacetyiswa.Ukugcina ukutya okunempilo kunye nendlela yokuphila kunye nokugcina ubunzima bakho kuluhlu olusempilweni nako kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wePAT.

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

I-PAT ayisiyiyo imeko esongela ubomi. Amaxesha okubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza akonwabanga kunokuba ayingozi. Umbono womntu one-PAT uhlala ulungile.