Unyango lwePreeclampsia: Unyango lweMagnesium Sulfate

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu zepreeclampsia?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho?
• Unyango lwe-magnesium sulphate luyinyanga njani i-preeclampsia?
• Ngaba zikhona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
• Yintoni imbono?

Yintoni i-preeclampsia?

I-Preeclampsia yingxaki ethile kubafazi abathile xa bekhulelwe. Ihlala ivela emva kweeveki ezingama-20 zokukhulelwa, kodwa kunqabile ukuba ikhule kwangoko okanye emva kokubeleka. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-preeclampsia luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye namalungu athile angasebenzi ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Umqondiso onokwenzeka yiprotein egqithisileyo kumchamo.

Oyena nobangela we preeclampsia awaziwa. Iingcali zicinga ukuba zibangelwa ziingxaki zemithambo yegazi edibanisa iplasenta, ilungu elidlulisa ioksijini ukusuka kumama iye elusaneni, iye esibelekweni.

Ngexesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa, imithambo yegazi emitsha iqala ukwenza phakathi kweplasenta kunye nodonga lwesibeleko. Le mijelo yegazi mitsha inokukhula ngokungaqhelekanga ngezizathu ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• ukuhamba kwegazi ngokungonelanga kwisibeleko
• umonakalo wenqanawa yegazi
• iingxaki zomzimba
• izinto zofuzo

Le mijelo yegazi engaqhelekanga ithintela inani legazi elinokuhamba liye kwi-placenta. Oku kungasebenzi kunokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntu okhulelweyo lonyuke.

Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, i-preeclampsia inokusongela ubomi. Kuba kubandakanya iingxaki kwi-placenta, unyango olucetyiswayo lwe-preeclampsia kukuhanjiswa komntwana kunye ne-placenta. Imingcipheko kunye nezibonelelo ngokubhekisele kwixesha lokuhanjiswa kwazo kusekwe kubukrakra besifo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-preeclampsia kwangoko xa ukhulelwe kunokuba nzima. Usana ludinga ixesha lokukhula, kodwa nobabini kufuneka niphephe iingxaki ezinkulu. Kule meko, ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-magnesium sulphate kunye namayeza okunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Unyango lweMagnesium sulfate lusetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuxhuzula kwabasetyhini abane-preeclampsia. Inokukunceda nokwandisa ukukhulelwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini. Oku kuvumela iziyobisi ezikhawulezisa ukukhula kwemiphunga yomntwana wakho ukuba zilawulwe.

Zithini iimpawu zepreeclampsia?

Kwamanye amabhinqa, i-preeclampsia ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe ngaphandle kweempawu.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi, olona phawu luphambili lwepreeclampsia, luhlala luvela ngesiquphe. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo babeke esweni uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokusondeleyo, ngakumbi kamva xa bekhulelwe. Ukufundwa koxinzelelo lwegazi nge-140/90 mm Hg okanye ngaphezulu, kuthathwe ngamaxesha amabini ahlukeneyo ubuncinci iiyure ezine ukwahlukana, kuthathwa njengokungaqhelekanga.

Ngaphandle koxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ezinye iimpawu okanye iimpawu zepreeclampsia zibandakanya:

• ukugqithisa kweprotein kumchamo
• ukunciphisa umchamo
• inani eliphantsi leplatelet egazini
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iingxaki zombono njengokulahleka kombono, ukungaboni kakuhle, kunye nemvakalelo yokukhanya
• iintlungu esiswini esingaphezulu, zihlala ziphantsi kweembambo kwicala lasekunene
• ukugabha okanye isicaphucaphu
• Umsebenzi wesibindi ongaqhelekanga
• ingxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yolwelo emiphungeni
• ukukhawuleza ukutyeba kunye nokudumba, ngakumbi ebusweni nasezandleni

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela i-preeclampsia, baya kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo ukwenza uxilongo.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho?

Kungenzeka ukuba ube neengxaki xa uhlakulela i-preeclampsia ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha kufuneka benze umsebenzi obanjiweyo okanye ukuhambisa ngoqhaqho ukususa umntwana. Oku kuyakuyekisa i-preeclampsia ukuba iqhubeke kwaye kufanele kukhokelele ekusonjululweni kwale meko.

Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, iingxaki zinokuvela. Ezinye zeengxaki zepreeclampsia zibandakanya:

• ukungabikho kweoksijini kwi-placenta engabangela ukukhula okucothayo, ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi, okanye ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana okanye ukuzalwa komntwana
• Ukuphazamiseka kweplacenta, okanye ukwahlulwa kweplascenta kudonga lwesibeleko, kunokubangela ukopha kakhulu kunye nomonakalo kwi-placenta
• I-HELLP syndrome, ebangela ukulahleka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ii-enzymes zesibindi eziphakamileyo, kunye neeplatelet zegazi ezisezantsi, okukhokelela ekonakaleni komzimba
• i-eclampsia, eyi-preeclampsia exhuzulayo
• ukubetha, okungakhokelela ekonakaleni okungapheliyo kwengqondo okanye nasekufeni

Abasetyhini abahlakulela i-preeclampsia bajongene nengozi eyonyukayo yesifo sentliziyo kunye negazi. Umngcipheko we-preeclampsia ekukhulelweni okuzayo nawo uyanda. Abasetyhini abaye bafumana i-preeclampsia banethuba lokuphinda bakhule kwakhona ekukhulelweni okuzayo.

Unyango lwe-magnesium sulphate luyinyanga njani i-preeclampsia?

Olona nyango kuphela lokumisa ukuqhubela phambili kunye nokukhokelela kwisisombululo se-preeclampsia kukuhanjiswa komntwana kunye ne-placenta. Ukulinda ukuhambisa kunokunyusa umngcipheko weengxaki kodwa ukuhambisa kwangoko kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwandisa umngcipheko wokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa.

Ukuba kusekutsha kakhulu ekukhulelweni kwakho, usenokuxelelwa ukuba ulinde de umntwana avuthwe ngokwaneleyo ukuba angazalwa ukunciphisa ezo ngozi.

Kuxhomekeka kubukrakra besifo kunye nexesha lokuthwala, oogqirha banokucebisa abasetyhini abane-preeclampsia ukuba bangene rhoqo kutyelelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka, okanye kungeniswe esibhedlele. Banokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo rhoqo. Banokumisela kwakhona:

• amayeza okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• corticosteroids ukunceda ukuvuthisa imiphunga yomntwana kunye nokuphucula impilo kamama

Kwiimeko ezibi ze-preeclampsia, oogqirha bahlala becebisa amayeza okulwa isifo, njenge-magnesium sulfate. I-Magnesium sulfate yiminerali eyanciphisa umngcipheko wokubanjwa kwabasetyhini abane-preeclampsia. Umboneleli wezempilo uya kukunika iyeza ngaphakathi.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ikwasetyenziselwa ukwandisa ixesha lokukhulelwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini. Oku kuvumela ixesha leziyobisi ze-corticosteroid ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemiphunga yosana.

I-Magnesium sulfate ihlala isebenza kwangoko. Ngokwesiqhelo kunikwa kude kube malunga neeyure ezingama-24 emva kokubeleka kosana. Abasetyhini abafumana i-magnesium sulfate basesibhedlele ukuze babekwe esweni ngonyango.

Ngaba zikhona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?

IMagnesium sulfate inokuba luncedo kwabanye nge-preeclampsia. Kodwa kukho umngcipheko we-magnesium overdose, ebizwa ngokuba yityhefu yemagniziyam. Ukuthatha i-magnesium eninzi kunokuba sesichengeni sobomi kumama nomntwana. Kubasetyhini, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu, urhudo, okanye ukugabha
• amathontsi amakhulu kuxinzelelo lwegazi
• isantya sentliziyo esicothayo okanye esingaqhelekanga
• iingxaki zokuphefumla
• ukusilela kwezimbiwa ngaphandle kwemagniziyam, ngakumbi ikhalsiyam
• ukudideka okanye inkungu
• ikhoma
• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• umonakalo kwizintso

Kusana, ityhefu yemagniziyam inokubangela ithoni yemisipha esezantsi. Oku kubangelwa kukungalawuleki kakuhle kwemisipha kunye nokuxinana kwethambo. Ezi meko zinokubeka umntwana emngciphekweni omkhulu wokonzakala, njengokuqhekeka kwamathambo, kunye nokufa.

Oogqirha baphatha ityhefu yemagniziyam nge:

• ukunika iyeza
• ulwelo
• inkxaso yokuphefumla
• dialysis

Ukuthintela ityhefu yemagnesium ukuba ingenzeki kwasekuqaleni, ugqirha wakho kufuneka abeke esweni ukujonga ukutya kwakho. Banokukubuza ukuba uziva njani, jonga ukuphefumla kwakho, kwaye ujonge imeko yakho rhoqo.

Umngcipheko wetyhefu kwi-magnesium sulphate iphantsi ukuba uthotywe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye unomsebenzi oqhelekileyo wezintso.

Yintoni imbono?

Ukuba une-preeclampsia, ugqirha wakho unokuqhubeka nokukunika i-magnesium sulfate ngalo lonke ixesha uzisa. Uxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka lubuyele kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ukuya kwiiveki zokuhanjiswa. Kuba imeko ayinakusombulula ngoko nangoko, landela emva kokuhanjiswa kwaye ixesha elithile emva koko libalulekile.

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela iingxaki kwi-preeclampsia kukuchongwa kwangoko. Xa usiya kutyelelo lokhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka, soloko uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha.