URibavirin: Ukuqonda Iziphumo zexesha elide

Umxholo

• Malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide ze-ribavirin
• Iziphumo zesilumkiso esibhokisiweyo
• I-anemia yeHemolytic
• Isifo sentliziyo esibi
• Iziphumo zokukhulelwa
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu
• Iingxaki zamehlo
• Iingxaki zemiphunga
• Ipancreatitis
• Imood iyatshintsha
• Ukwanda kwezifo
• Ukwehla kokukhula kwabantwana
• Iziphumo zokuncancisa
• Okungakumbi malunga ne-ribavirin
• Iifom
• Isebenza njani i-ribavirin
• Malunga nehepatitis C
• Thetha nogqirha wakho

Intshayelelo

I-Ribavirin sisiyobisi esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-hepatitis C. Imiselwa ngokudibeneyo kunye namanye amayeza ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezingama-24. Xa isetyenziswe ixesha elide, i-ribavirin inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho umisele i-ribavirin ukunceda ukunyanga i-hepatitis C yakho, uya kufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga neziphumo zexesha elide. Ngale nqaku, siza kuchaza ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga, kubandakanya neempawu ekufuneka sizibukele. Siza kukuxelela malunga ne-hepatitis C kunye nendlela i-ribavirin esebenza ngayo ukunyanga le meko.

Malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide ze-ribavirin

I-Ribavirin inokubangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zexesha elide. Ezi ziphumo zingenakwenzeka ngoko nangoko kuba i-ribavirin inokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezine ukwakha kwinqanaba layo elipheleleyo emzimbeni wakho. Xa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-ribavirin zibonakala, nangona kunjalo, zinokuhlala ixesha elide okanye zibe mbi kuneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwamanye amayeza. Isizathu esinye soku kukuba i-ribavirin ithatha ixesha elide ukushiya umzimba wakho. Ngapha koko, i-ribavirin inokuhlala kwizicubu zomzimba wakho ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba uyekile ukuyithatha.

Iziphumo zesilumkiso esibhokisiweyo

Ezinye zeempembelelo ze-ribavirin zinzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba zingabandakanywa kwisilumkiso sebhokisi. Isilumkiso esibhokisi sisilumkiso esinzulu esivela kuLawulo lokutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (FDA). Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-ribavirin ezichazwe kwisilumkiso sebhokisi zibandakanya:

I-anemia yeHemolytic

Esi sisiphumo esibi kakhulu se-ribavirin. I-hemolytic anemia yinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu leeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zithwala ioksijini kwiiseli kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Nge-hemolytic anemia, iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi azihlali ixesha elide njengoko zihlala zihlala. Oku kukushiya unezimbalwa kwezi seli zibalulekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba wakho awunako ukuhambisa ioksijini eninzi kwimiphunga yakho uye kuwo wonke umzimba wakho.

Iimpawu ze-hemolytic anemia zingabandakanya:

• ukwanda kokudinwa
• isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga
• ukusilela kwentliziyo, kunye neempawu ezinjengokudinwa, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nokudumba okuncinci kwezandla, imilenze kunye neenyawo

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu, biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ukuba uphuhlisa i-hemolytic anemia, unokufuna ukufakelwa igazi. Kulapho ufumana khona igazi lomntu elithunyelweyo ngaphakathi (ngomthambo).

Isifo sentliziyo esibi

Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo, i-ribavirin inokusenza sibe sibi ngakumbi isifo sentliziyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo. Ukuba unembali yesifo sentliziyo esinzulu, akufuneki usebenzise i-ribavirin.

I-Ribavirin inokubangela i-anemia (amanqanaba asezantsi kakhulu eeseli ezibomvu zegazi). I-anemia yenza ukuba kube nzima entliziyweni yakho ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni wakho wonke. Xa unesifo sentliziyo, intliziyo yakho sele isebenza nzima kunesiqhelo. Ngokudibeneyo, ezi ziphumo zibangela uxinzelelo ngakumbi entliziyweni yakho.

Iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo zingabandakanya:

• ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo okanye utshintsho kwisingqi sentliziyo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukuginywa kakhulu
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ndiziva ndinentloko elula

Tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezi mpawu zenzeka ngesiquphe okanye zibonakala zisiba mbi.

Iziphumo zokukhulelwa

I-Ribavirin ludidi X lokukhulelwa iziyobisi. Eli lelona candelo likhulu lokukhulelwa elivela kwi-FDA. Izifundo zibonise ukuba iziyobisi ezikolu luhlu zinokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa okanye ziphelise ukukhulelwa. Musa ukuthatha i-ribavirin ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa. Umngcipheko wokulimala ekukhulelweni uyafana nokuba ngumama okanye utata othatha iyeza.

Ukuba ungumfazi onokukhulelwa, uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kufuneka lubonise ukuba awukhulelwe ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango. Ugqirha wakho unokukuvavanya ukukhulelwa eofisini yabo, okanye banokukucela ukuba uthathe uvavanyo lokukhulelwa ekhaya. Unokufuna iimvavanyo zokukhulelwa inyanga nenyanga ngexesha lonyango lwakho kunye neenyanga ezintandathu emva kokuyeka ukuthatha eli chiza. Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka usebenzise iindlela ezimbini zolawulo lokuzalwa. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokukhulelwa nanini na ngelixa uthatha eli chiza, biza ugqirha wakho kwangoko.

Ukuba uyindoda elala nomntu obhinqileyo, kuya kufuneka usebenzise iindlela ezimbini zolawulo lokuzalwa. Kuya kufuneka wenze oku kunyango lwakho lonke kunye neli chiza kwaye ubuncinci iinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba unyango lwakho luphelile. Ukuba uthatha eli chiza kwaye iqabane lakho licinga ukuba ukhulelwe, biza ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu

Uninzi lwezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwi-ribavirin zenzeka kwiintsuku zokuqala okanye kwiiveki zonyango, kodwa zinokuphuhla ekuhambeni kwexesha. Shayela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneminye imiphumo emibi evela kwi-ribavirin. Oku kunokubandakanya:

Iingxaki zamehlo

I-Ribavirin inokubangela iingxaki zamehlo ezinje ngenkathazo yokubona, ukulahleka kombono, kunye ne-macular edema (ukudumba kwiso). Inokubangela ukopha kwi-retina kunye nemeko embi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-retina ekhutshiwe.

Iimpawu zeengxaki zamehlo zingabandakanya:

• ukungaboni kakuhle okanye umbono we-wavy
• Amachaphaza adadayo athi gqi kumgca wombono wakho
• ukukhanya kokukhanya okubonakala kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo
• ukubona imibala imdaka okanye ihlanjiwe

Tsalela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezi mpawu zenzeka ngesiquphe okanye zibonakala zisiba mbi.

Iingxaki zemiphunga

I-Ribavirin inokubangela iingxaki zemiphunga ezinje ngengxaki yokuphefumla kunye nenyumoniya (usulelo lwemiphunga). Inokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi kwimiphunga (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emiphungeni).

Iimpawu zeengxaki zemiphunga zingabandakanya:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ifiva
• ukukhohlela
• iintlungu zesifuba

Tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezi mpawu zenzeka ngesiquphe okanye zibonakala zisiba mbi. Ukuba uphuhlisa iingxaki zemiphunga, ugqirha wakho angayeka unyango lwakho neli chiza.

Ipancreatitis

I-Ribavirin inokubangela i-pancreatitis, kukudumba kwepancreas. Ipancreas lilungu elenza izinto ezinceda ekucoleni ukutya.

Iimpawu zepancreatitis zinokubandakanya:

• Ukugodola
• ukuqhina
• iintlungu ngesiquphe kwaye eziqatha esiswini sakho

Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu. Ukuba uphuhlisa i-pancreatitis, ugqirha wakho uya kuyeka unyango lwakho ngeli chiza.

Imood iyatshintsha

I-Ribavirin inokubangela utshintsho kwiimvakalelo, kubandakanya nokudakumba. Oku kunokuba yimpembelelo yexesha elifutshane okanye yexesha elide.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuziva:

• ephazamisekile
• ukucaphuka
• udandathekile

Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo le mpawu kwaye bayakukhathaza okanye bangahambi.

Ukwanda kwezifo

I-Ribavirin iphakamisa umngcipheko wosulelo kwiibhaktheriya nakwiintsholongwane. I-Ribavirin inokuhlisa amanqanaba omzimba wakho weeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezi seli zilwa nosulelo. Ngeeseli zegazi ezimhlophe ezimbalwa, unokufumana usulelo ngokulula.

Iimpawu zosulelo zinokubandakanya:

• ifiva
• iintlungu zomzimba
• ukudinwa

Tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezi mpawu zenzeka ngesiquphe okanye zibonakala zisiba mbi.

Ukwehla kokukhula kwabantwana

I-Ribavirin inokubangela ukukhula kokuncipha kubantwana abayithathayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokukhula kancinci kwaye bafumane ubunzima obuncinci kunontanga yabo. Esi siphumo sinokwenzeka xa umntwana wakho esebenzisa i-ribavirin kunye ne-interferon yeziyobisi.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ukukhula kancinci kancinci xa kuthelekiswa noko kulindeleke kwiminyaka yobudala bomntwana
• izinga elincinci lokunyuka kobunzima xa kuthelekiswa noko kulindeleke kwiminyaka yobudala bomntwana

Ugqirha womntwana wakho kufuneka abeke iliso ekukhuleni komntwana wakho ngexesha lonyango kwaye kude kube sekupheleni kwezigaba ezithile zokukhula. Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi.

Iziphumo zokuncancisa

Ayaziwa ukuba i-ribavirin idlula kubisi lwebele kumntwana oncanciswa. Ukuba uncelisa umntwana wakho, thetha nogqirha wakho.Kuya kufuneka uyeke ukuncancisa okanye uphephe ukusebenzisa i-ribavirin.

Okungakumbi malunga ne-ribavirin

I-Ribavirin isetyenziselwe iminyaka emininzi ukunyanga i-hepatitis C. Ihlala isetyenziswa ngokudibene nelinye ichiza. Kude kube kutshanje, unyango lwe-hepatitis C lujolise kwi-ribavirin kunye nelinye ichiza elibizwa ngokuba yi-interferon (Pegasys, Pegintron). Namhlanje, i-ribavirin ingasetyenziselwa iziyobisi ezitsha ze-hepatitis C, ezinje ngeHarvoni okanye iViekira Pak.

Iifom

I-Ribavirin iza ngeendlela zethebhulethi, iphilisi, okanye isisombululo solwelo. Uthatha ezi fomu ngomlomo. Zonke iifom ziyafumaneka njengamachiza anegama lophawu, kubandakanya iCopegus, iRebetol, kunye neVirazole. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika uluhlu olupheleleyo lweenguqulelo zamagama ezinto ezikhoyo. Ithebhulethi kunye nephilisi zifumaneka kwiifom ze-generic.

Isebenza njani i-ribavirin

I-Ribavirin ayinyangi i-hepatitis C, kodwa iyanceda ukuthintela iziphumo ezibi kwesi sifo. Ezi ziphumo zibandakanya isifo sesibindi, ukusilela kwesibindi, kunye nomhlaza wesibindi. I-Ribavirin ikwanceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zosulelo lwe-hepatitis C.

IRibavirin inokusebenza ngo:

• Ukunciphisa inani leeseli zentsholongwane ye-hepatitis C emzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zakho.
• Ukonyusa inani lokutshintsha kwemfuza (utshintsho) kwintsholongwane. Olu tshintsho lwandayo lunokuyenza buthathaka intsholongwane.
• Ukuyekisa enye yeenkqubo ezinceda intsholongwane zenze iikopi zazo. Oku kunceda ukucothisa ukusasazeka kwe-hepatitis C emzimbeni wakho.

Malunga nehepatitis C

IHepatitis C sisifo sesibindi. Kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis C (HCV), intsholongwane eyosulelayo edlula egazini. Ekuqaleni yafunyaniswa phakathi kwiminyaka yee-1970 njenge-non-type A / non-type B hepatitis, i-HCV yayingabizwa ngokusemthethweni de kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980. Abanye abantu abane-hepatitis C banokugula (okufutshane). I-HCV ebukhali ayisoloko ibangela iimpawu. Kodwa abantu abaninzi abane-HCV bahlakulela i-hepatitis C engapheliyo (ehlala ixesha elide), edla ngokubangela iimpawu. Ezi mpawu zinokubandakanya umkhuhlane, ukudinwa, kunye nentlungu esiswini sakho.

Thetha nogqirha wakho

Ukuba ugqirha wakho umisela i-ribavirin ukunyanga i-hepatitis C yakho, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngembali yakho yonke yempilo ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango. Buza ugqirha wakho indlela yokuthintela okanye yokunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwi-ribavirin. Kwaye ngexesha lonyango lwakho, xela ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuphepha okanye ukunciphisa naziphi na iziphumo ezivela kwi-ribavirin kunokukunceda uzive ungcono ngexesha lonyango lwakho. Oku kunokukunceda ulugqibe unyango lwakho kwaye ulawule ngcono i-hepatitis C.