Ngaba ndisemngciphekweni weCOPD?

Umxholo

• Ukutshaya
• Ukumoshwa komoya
• Uthuli lwasemsebenzini kunye neekhemikhali
• Imfuza
• Ubudala
• Yise kude
• Q:
• A:

I-COPD: Ngaba ndisemngciphekweni?

Ngokutsho kwamaZiko oLawulo lweZifo noKuthintela (i-CDC), isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphefumla, ikakhulu isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD), sesona sizathu siphambili sokufa eUnited States. Esi sifo sibulala malunga nabantu kwihlabathi liphela unyaka nonyaka. Phantse abantu baseMelika balaliswa esibhedlele minyaka le ngenxa ye-COPD.

I-COPD ikhula kancinci kwaye ihlala isiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kumanqanaba okuqala, umntu oneCOPD akanako ukufumana naziphi na iimpawu. Ukuthintela kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunceda ukuthintela ukonakala kwemiphunga, iingxaki zokuphefumla, kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo.

Inyathelo lokuqala kukuqonda umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa esi sifo.

Ukutshaya

Umngcipheko ophambili weCOPD kukutshaya. Ibangela ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zokufa kweCOPD, ngokwe American Lung Association (ALA). Abantu abatshayayo kunokwenzeka ukuba bafe kwi-COPD kunabo bangazange batshaye.

Ukuhlala umsi wecuba ixesha elide kuyingozi. Okukhona usitshaya ixesha elide, kwaye kokukhona upakisha ngakumbi, kokukhona umngcipheko umkhulu ekuphuhliseni isifo. Abatshayayo bemibhobho nabatshaya i-cigar nabo basemngciphekweni.

Ukuba sesichengeni somsi ophefumlelweyo nako kukwandisa umngcipheko. Umsi otshaywayo uquka nomsi otshayayo kunye nomsi ophuma kumntu otshayayo.

Ukumoshwa komoya

Ukutshaya yeyona nto iphambili emngciphekweni weCOPD, kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela. Izinto ezingcolisayo zangaphakathi nangaphandle zinokubangela imeko xa ukubhengeza kukhulu okanye kukude. Ungcoliseko lomoya lwangaphakathi lubandakanya into ekumsi wepetroli eqinileyo esetyenziselwa ukupheka kunye nokufudumeza. Imizekelo ibandakanya izitovu zeenkuni ezingenawo umoya, ukutshisa i-biomass okanye amalahle, okanye ukupheka ngomlilo.

Ukubonakaliswa kongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo yenye yezinto ezinobungozi. Umgangatho womoya ongaphakathi udlala indima ekuqhubekeni kweCOPD kumazwe asaphuhlayo. Kodwa ungcoliseko lomoya wasezidolophini olufana nokugcwala kwabantu kunye nokutshisa okunxulumene nokutsha lubeka umngcipheko omkhulu wezempilo kwihlabathi liphela.

Uthuli lwasemsebenzini kunye neekhemikhali

Ukuchaphazeleka kwexesha elide kuthuli lweshishini, iikhemikhali, kunye neegesi kunokucaphukisa kwaye kuvuthe umoya kunye nemiphunga. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-COPD. Abantu ababonakaliswe ngothuli kunye nemiphunga yeekhemikhali, njengabavukuzi bamalahle, abaphatha iinkozo, kunye nabenzi besinyithi, banamathuba amakhulu okuphuhlisa i-COPD. Omnye eUnited States wafumanisa ukuba iqhezu leCOPD elibhekiswe emsebenzini liqikelelwa kwiipesenti ezingama-19.2 xa iyonke, neepesenti ezingama-31.1 phakathi kwabo bangazange batshaye.

Imfuza

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, izinto zemfuza zibangela ukuba abantu abangazange batshaye okanye babe nexesha elide lokuvezwa kwe-COPD. Ukuphazamiseka kwemfuza kubangela ukunqongophala kweprotein alpha 1 (α_{1) –}I-antitrypsin (AAT).

AmaMelika aqikelelweyo ane-AAT. Kodwa bambalwa abantu abayaziyo. Ngelixa ukusilela kwe-AAT kuphela komngcipheko ochongiweyo wobume beCOPD, abaphandi bakrokrela ukuba kukho ezinye iintlobo zofuzo ezichaphazelekayo kwinkqubo yesifo.

Ubudala

I-COPD ixhaphake kakhulu ebantwini ubuncinci ubuneminyaka engama-40 ubudala abanembali yokutshaya. Iziganeko zanda ngokukhula. Akukho nto unokuyenza malunga nobudala bakho, kodwa ungathatha amanyathelo okuhlala usempilweni. Ukuba unemingcipheko yeCOPD, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho.

Yise kude

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neCOPD ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45, unamalungu osapho anesi sifo, okanye ungumntu otshayayo okwangoku okanye wangaphambili. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kweCOPD sisitshixo sonyango oluyimpumelelo. Ukuyeka ukutshaya kwangoko nako kubalulekile.

Q:

Ngaba oogqirha bayifumanisa njani i-COPD?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba umntu une-COPD, unokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukufumanisa i-COPD. Ugqirha unokujonga esifubeni i-radiography ukukhangela imiqondiso ye-COPD enje nge-hyperinflation yemiphunga okanye ezinye iimpawu ezinokufana ne-emphysema. Olunye lolona vavanyo luncedo oogqirha abanokulusebenzisa ekufumaneni i-COPD luvavanyo lomsebenzi we-pulmonary olunje nge-spirometry. Ugqirha unokuvavanya ukukwazi komntu ukukhupha nokuphefumula ngokufanelekileyo kunye ne-spirometry eya kugqiba ukuba umntu unayo i-COPD kunye nobukhulu besifo.

U-Alana Biggers, iimpendulo ze-MDA zimele izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.