Rotavirus: yintoni na, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Uyifumana njani i-rotavirus
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Iimpawu zokuphucula
• Uya nini kwagqirha

Usulelo lweRotavirus lubizwa ngokuba lusulelo lwe-rotavirus kwaye lubonakaliswa sisifo sorhudo kunye nokugabha, ngakumbi kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci abaphakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye neminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala ngesiquphe kwaye zihlala malunga neentsuku ezili-8 ukuya kwezi-10.

Kuba ibangela urhudo kunye nokugabha, kubalulekile ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo okuthintela ukuba umntwana angabikho emzimbeni, ngakumbi ngokunyusa ukusetyenziswa kolwelo. Ngapha koko, akukhuthazwa ukuba unike umntwana ukutya okanye amayeza abambe amathumbu ngaphambi kweentsuku ezi-5 zokuqala zorhudo kuba kuyimfuneko ukuba intsholongwane isuswe kwilindle, kungenjalo usulelo luza kuba mandundu.

Urhudo olubangelwa yi-rotavirus lunomdla kakhulu kwaye, ke, lunokwenza indawo esondeleyo yomntwana ibe bomvu kakhulu, ngokulula ngakumbi ukuqubuka kwe-diaper. Ke, kwisiqendu ngasinye sotyatyazo, kufanelekile ukuba ususe ilweyile, uhlambe iindawo zangasese zomntwana ngamanzi kunye nesepha yokuthambisa kwaye ubeke ilweyile elicocekileyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zosulelo lwe-rotavirus zihlala zibonakala ngequbuliso kwaye ziba qatha xa umntwana emncinci, ngenxa yokungakhuli komzimba womzimba. Ezona mpawu zibandakanya:

• Ukuphalaza;
• Urhudo olunzulu, kunye nevumba leqanda elonakeleyo;
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu phakathi kwama-39 nama-40ºC.

Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho ukugabha okanye urhudo kuphela, nangona kunjalo unyango kufuneka luqaliswe ngokukhawuleza, kuba ukugabha kunye norhudo kunokunceda ukuphelelwa ngumzimba komntwana kwiiyure ezimbalwa, kukhokelele ekubonakaleni kwezinye iimpawu ezifana nomlomo owomileyo, owomileyo imilebe namehlo atshonileyo.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kosulelo lwe-rotavirus kuhlala kwenziwa kugqirha wezilwanyana ngokuvavanya iimpawu, kodwa uvavanyo lwestool lunokuyalelwa ukuba kuqinisekiswe ubukho bentsholongwane.

Uyifumana njani i-rotavirus

Ukuhanjiswa kwe-rotavirus kwenzeka ngokulula kakhulu, kwaye umntwana osulelekileyo angosulela abanye abantwana kwangaphambi kokubonisa iimpawu ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-2 emva kokuba usulelo luye lwalawulwa, eyona ndlela iphambili yosulelo kukudibana nelindle lomntwana osulelekileyo. Le ntsholongwane inokuphila iintsuku ezininzi ngaphandle komzimba kwaye iyamelana kakhulu nesepha kunye nezibulala-ntsholongwane.

Ukongeza kwi-fecal-oral transmission, i-rotavirus inokuhanjiswa ngokudibana phakathi komntu osulelekileyo kunye nomntu osempilweni, ngokudibana nendawo ezingcolisekileyo okanye ngokungenisa amanzi okanye ukutya okungcoliswe yirotavirus.

Zininzi iintlobo okanye iintlobo zerotavirus kwaye abantwana ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala banokuba nosulelo amatyeli aliqela, nangona oku kulandelayo kubuthathaka. Nabantwana abagonyelwe i-rotavirus banokuphuhlisa usulelo, nangona benempawu ezinzima. Isitofu sokugonya i-rotavirus asiyonxalenye yeshedyuli yesiseko sokugonya se-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Wezempilo, kodwa sinokuqhutywa emva kokumiselwa ngugqirha wabantwana. Lazi ixesha lokunika isitofu sokugonya i-rotavirus.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango losulelo lweRotavirus lunokwenziwa ngamanyathelo alula aqinisekisa ukuba umntwana akaphelanga emzimbeni ngenxa yokuba akukho lunyango oluthile lwentsholongwane. Ukunciphisa umkhuhlane ugqirha wabantwana unokumisela iParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen, ngeedosi ezihambelanayo.

Abazali kufuneka bakhathalele umntwana ngokunika amanzi, incindi yeziqhamo, iti kunye nokutya okulula okunje ngeesuphu okanye isidudu esibhityileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ufumana iivithamini, izakha mzimba kunye neeminerali ukwenzela ukuba achache ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukunika ulwelo kunye nokutya ngesixa esincinci ukwenzela ukuba umntwana angagabhi kwaoko.

Kukwabalulekile ukwamkela amanyathelo anciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo, njengokuhlala uhlamba izandla zakho emva kokusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela nangaphambi kokulungiselela ukutya, ukongeza ekunyamekeleni ucoceko lomntu kunye nolwasekhaya, ungasebenzisi amanzi emilambo, imilambo okanye amaqula athi ziindawo ezingcolisekileyo kwaye zikhusela ukutya kunye neendawo zokuphekela kwizilwanyana.

Iimpawu zokuphucula

Iimpawu zokuphucula zihlala zivela emva komhla wesihlanu, xa iziqendu zorhudo kunye nokugabha ziqala ukuncipha. Ngokuthe ngcembe umntwana uqala ukukhuthala ngakumbi kwaye abe nomdla ngakumbi ekudlaleni nasekuthetheni enokubonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwentsholongwane luyancipha kwaye yiyo loo nto ephola.

Umntwana angabuyela esikolweni okanye kukhathalelo lwemini emva kokuchitha iiyure ezingama-24 esitya ngesiqhelo, ngaphandle kwesiqendu sotyatyazo okanye ukugabha.

Uya nini kwagqirha

Kubalulekile ukuba umntwana asiwe kugqirha wabantwana xa esithi:

• Urhudo okanye ukugabha ngegazi;
• Zininzi ukozela;
• Ukwala kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lolwelo okanye ukutya;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukuxhuzula ngenxa yomkhuhlane omkhulu.

Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukumsa umntwana kwagqirha xa iimpawu kunye neempawu zokuphela emzimbeni ziqinisekisiwe, ezinjengomlomo owomileyo nolusu, ukungabikho kombilo, amehlo amnyama, umkhuhlane ophantsi rhoqo kunye nokwehla kwentliziyo. Nantsi indlela yokuqonda imiqondiso kunye neempawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.