Iingxaki zokukhulelwa kwesibini seTrimester

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Ukopha
• Umsebenzi wokuqala
• Iimpawu
• Unyango
• Ukuqhekeka kwangaphambili kweembumba (PPROM)
• Unyango
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeleko (ukusilela komlomo wesibeleko)
• Iimpawu
• Unyango
• Uthintelo
• Preeclampsia
• Iimpawu
• Ukwenzakala
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Ikota yesibini yesibini ihlala ihleli xa abantu besiva ngcono xa bekhulelwe. Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha kuhlala kusombulula, umngcipheko wokuphuma kwesisu uye wehla, kwaye iintlungu kunye neentlungu zenyanga yethoba zikude.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxaki ezimbalwa ezinokuthi zenzeke. Funda ukuze ufunde ukuba ubukele ntoni kunye nendlela yokuthintela iingxaki ukuba zenzeke kwasekuqaleni.

Ukopha

Nangona ukukhulelwa kwesisu kuncinci kakhulu kwi-trimester yesibini, kusenokwenzeka. Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi kuhlala kungumqondiso wokuqala wesilumkiso. Ukungahambi kakuhle kwitrimester yesibini (ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-20) kunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezinokubandakanya:

• Isibeleko sesibeleko. Udonga, okanye i-septum, ngaphakathi kwesibeleko yahlulahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini ahlukeneyo.
• Umlomo wesibeleko ongenamandla. Xa umlomo wesibeleko uvuleka ngokukhawuleza, obangela ukuzalwa kwasekuqaleni.
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-lupus okanye i-scleroderma. Ezi zifo zinokwenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba ehlasela iiseli ezisempilweni.
• Ukuchaphazeleka kweChromosomal kwimveku engekazalwa. Kulapho kukho into engalunganga kwii-chromosomes zomntwana, eziyizisele ezenziwe nge-DNA.

Ezinye izizathu zokopha kwikota yesibini yesibini zibandakanya:

• ukusebenza kwangoko
• iingxaki nge-placenta, njenge-placenta previa (i-placenta egubungela umlomo wesibeleko)
• Ukuphazamiseka kweplacenta (ipascenta eyahlulahlula isibeleko)

Ezi ngxaki zixhaphake kakhulu kwikota yesithathu, kodwa zinokubakho nasemva kwekota yesibini.

Ukuba unegazi elingena-Rh, fumana inaliti ye-immunoglobulin (RhoGAM) xa usopha xa ukhulelwe.

I-Immunoglobulin yintsholongwane. Isilwi-buhlungu yiprotein eveliswa ngamajoni akho omzimba aqonde kwaye alwe nezinto ezinobungozi, ezinjengeebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane.

Ukufumana ifoto ye-immunoglobulin kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane zeRh, eziza kuhlasela umntwana ongekazalwa ukuba unodidi lwegazi olune-Rh.

Ungaziva usoyika ukuba ukopha kwilungu lobufazi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ayilulo lonke ukopha okuthetha ukulahleka kokukhulelwa.

Funa ukhathalelo kwangoko ukuba wopha xa ukhulelwe, kodwa zama ukuhlala uzolile ngelixa ugqirha eqonda ukuba kutheni usopha. Unokulaliswa ebhedini de kuphume ukopha.

Umsebenzi wokuqala

Xa ukubeleka kwenzeka ngaphambi kweveki yama-38 yokukhulelwa, kuthathwa ngokuba yinto yokuqala. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela ukuqala kwangaphambi komsebenzi, njenge:

• usulelo lwesinyi
• ukutshaya
• imeko yezempilo engapheliyo, njengesifo seswekile okanye isifo sezintso

Imiba yomngcipheko kubasebenzi bokuqala ibandakanya:

• ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa
• ukukhulelwa amawele
• ukukhulelwa okuninzi
• i-amniotic fluid eyongezelelweyo (ulwelo olujikeleze umbungu)
• usulelo lwe-amniotic fluid okanye inwebu ye-amniotic

Iimpawu

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zomsebenzi wokuqala zinokubakho ubuqili. Banokubandakanya:

• uxinzelelo lobufazi
• iintlungu ezisezantsi
• ukuchama rhoqo
• urhudo
• ukwanda kokukhutshwa kwilungu lobufazi
• ukuqina kwisisu esisezantsi

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zomsebenzi ngaphambi kwexesha zibonakala kakhulu, njenge:

• izifinyezo ezibuhlungu
• ukuvuza kolwelo kwilungu lobufazi
• ukopha kwilungu lobufazi

Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo le mpawu kwaye ukhathazekile malunga nokuba semsebenzini. Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha unokukuxelela ukuba uye esibhedlele kwangoko.

Unyango

Usuku ngalunye olongezelelekileyo ongangeni kulo ngaphambi kwexesha lomsebenzi unika ithuba lokufumana iingxaki ezimbalwa xa umntwana ezalwa. Amayeza aliqela anokunceda ekuyekiseni ukusebenza ngaphambi kwexesha. Oku kubandakanya:

• i-magnesium sulfate
• icorticosteroids
• tocolytics

Ukuba umsebenzi wokuqala awunakumiswa, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza e-steroid. Ukwenza njalo kunceda ukukhula kwemiphunga yosana kunye nokunciphisa ubungqongqo besifo semiphunga. Kusebenza kakhulu kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kwethamo lokuqala, ke ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa okungenani iintsuku ezimbini.

Ukuqhekeka kwangaphambili kweembumba (PPROM)

Yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba inwebu yakho idlike (ikhefu) ngexesha lomsebenzi. Abantu bahlala beyibiza ngokuba "kukwaphula kwakho amanzi."

Oku kwenzeka xa ingxowa ye-amniotic ejikeleze usana luqhekeka, ivumela i-amniotic fluid ukuba iphume. Loo ngxowa ikhusela usana kwiintsholongwane. Nje ukuba yaphuke, kukho inkxalabo yokuba umntwana afumane usulelo.

Ngelixa amanzi akho kufanele ukuba aphuke xa usiya kubeleka, kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu kusana lwakho xa kusenzeka kwangethuba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwexesha kweembumba (PPROM).

Isizathu ngqo sePPROM ayisoloko icacile. Kwiimeko ezininzi, nangona kunjalo, oyena nobangela wengxaki kukusulelwa ziimbumba.

I-PPROM kwikota yesibini yesibini yinkxalabo enkulu, njengoko inokubangela ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambi kwexesha. Iintsana ezizalwe phakathi kweeveki ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-28 zokukhulelwa zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kweengxaki zonyango zexesha elide, ngakumbi isifo semiphunga.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngenkonzo yokunyamekela abagadi ngokufanelekileyo, uninzi lweentsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zihlala zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu.

Unyango

Unyango lwe-PPROM luyahluka. Inokuhlala ibandakanya:

• ukulaliswa esibhedlele
• iyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane
• i-steroids, ezifana ne-betamethasone
• amayeza anokumisa umsebenzi, njenge-terbutaline

Ukuba kukho imiqondiso yosulelo, umsebenzi unokunyanzelwa ukuthintela iingxaki ezinzulu. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aya kuqalwa ukuthintela usulelo.

Uninzi lweentsana luzalwe zingaphelanga iintsuku ezimbini zokuqhekeka, kwaye uninzi luya kuzisa kwisithuba seveki. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ngakumbi ngokuvuza okucothayo, i-amniotic sac inokuzihlaziya kwakhona. Umsebenzi wokuqala ngaphambi kwexesha unokuthintelwa, kwaye umntwana uzalwa esondele kumhla wabo.

Ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeleko (ukusilela komlomo wesibeleko)

Umlomo wesibeleko sisihlunu esidibanisa ubufazi kunye nesibeleko. Ngamanye amaxesha, umlomo wesibeleko awukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lwesibeleko esikhulayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Uxinzelelo olonyukayo lunokuwenza buthathaka umlomo wesibeleko kwaye lubangele ukuba luvule ngaphambi kwenyanga yesithoba.

Le meko yaziwa ngokuba kukungakwazi komlomo wesibeleko, okanye ukungoneli komlomo wesibeleko. Nangona imeko engaqhelekanga, inokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu.

Ukuvulwa kunye nokuncipha komlomo wesibeleko ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kweembrane kunye nokuhanjiswa kosana olungekazalwa. Oku kuhlala kwenzeka malunga neveki yama-20 yokukhulelwa. Kuba umntwana ongekazalwa usengaphambi kokuba aphile ngaphandle kwesibeleko ngeloxesha, ukumitha kuhlala kungenakugcinwa.

Abasetyhini basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeleko ukuba baye:

• ukwenzakala kwangaphambili komlomo wesibeleko, njengokulila ngexesha lokuhanjiswa
• i-cone yomlomo wesibeleko
• omnye umsebenzi kumlomo wesibeleko

Iimpawu

Ngokungafaniyo nokusebenza kwangaphambi kwexesha, ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeleko akubangeli zintlungu okanye zontloko. Kunokubakho ukopha kwilungu lobufazi okanye ukuphuma.

Unyango

Unyango lokungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeleko lilinganiselwe. I-cerclage engxamisekileyo (umthungo ojikeleze umlomo wesibeleko) yinto enokwenzeka ukuba inwebu ayikaphuli. Umngcipheko wokuqhekeka inwebu uphezulu ukuba umlomo wesibeleko uyaxanda (ubanzi). Ukongezwa kwebhedi kuyimfuneko emva kokubekwa kwecerclage.

Ngamanye amaxesha, xa inwebu sele iqhekekile kwaye umntwana sele ekhulile ngokwaneleyo ukuba angaphila, ugqirha wakho uya kubangela abasebenzi.

Uthintelo

Unokuthintela ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeleko. Ukuba unembali yayo, unokufumana i-cerclage ngokukhulelwa okuzayo malunga neeveki ezili-14. Oku kuya kunciphisa, kodwa kungapheli, umngcipheko wokuhanjiswa kwangaphambili kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumntwana.

Preeclampsia

I-Preeclampsia yenzeka xa ukhula:

• igazi elonyukayo
• proteinuria (isixa esikhulu seprotein kumchamo)
• ukudumba okugqithisileyo (ukudumba)

I-Preeclampsia ichaphazela yonke inkqubo emzimbeni, kubandakanya ne-placenta.

Indawo yokuma kwendlu inoxanduva lokubonelela ngezondlo emntwaneni. Nangona i-preeclampsia ihlala ibakho ngexesha lesithathu sokukhulelwa, abanye abantu bakhula i-preeclampsia kwikota yesibini yesibini.

Ngaphambi kokwenza uxilongo, ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya ezinye iimeko ezinokudideka ne-preeclampsia, enjenge-lupus (ebangela ukudumba emzimbeni wonke) kunye nesifo sokuwa (isifo sokubanjwa).

Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya iimeko ezinokunyusa amathuba okuphuhlisa i-preeclampsia kwangoko, njengokuphazamiseka kwegazi kunye nokukhulelwa komzimba. Elo lithumba elinganabisi elenza isibeleko.

Iimpawu

Iimpawu zepreeclampsia zibandakanya ukudumba okukhawulezayo kwemilenze, izandla nobuso. Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana olu hlobo lokudumba okanye naziphi na ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• intloko engapheliyo emva kokuthatha i-acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• ukulahleka kombono
• "Iiflethi" kwiso lakho (amabala amachaphaza kumbono wakho)
• iintlungu eziqatha kwicala lasekunene okanye kwindawo yesisu
• ukutyunyuzwa ngokulula

Ukwenzakala

Unomdla wokulimala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iziko lakho lomxhuzulane liyatshintsha xa ukhulelwe, oko kuthetha ukuba kulula ukulahla ibhalansi yakho.

Kwigumbi lokuhlambela, lumka xa ungena kwishawa okanye kwibhafu. Unokufuna ukongeza imiphezulu engeyiyo kwishower yakho ukuze ungatyibiliki. Cinga ukongeza imivalo yokubamba okanye iileyili kwindawo yakho yokuhlambela, nayo. Jonga kwakhona indlu yakho ezinye iingozi ezinokubangela ukuba uwe.

Imbonakalo

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezichazwe kweli nqaku, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho. Baza kuba nakho ukumisela unobangela kwaye baqalise kunyango oluchanekileyo - oko kuthetha ukuba ukhulelwe wonwabile kwaye usempilweni kuwe!