Inqanaba lesi-3 Umhlaza wemiphunga: Ukuxela kwangaphambili, ulindelo lobomi, unyango kunye nokunye

Umxholo

• Inqanaba 3 iindidi
• Inqanaba 3A Umhlaza wemiphunga: Elinye icala lomzimba
• Inqanaba 3B Umhlaza wemiphunga: Sasaza kwelinye icala
• Inqanaba 3C Umhlaza wemiphunga: Usasazeka esifubeni
• Isigaba 3 seempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga
• Inqanaba 3 unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga
• Isigaba sesi-3 somdlavuza wokulindela ubomi kunye nenqanaba lokusinda
• Gcinga ezingqondweni
• Q:
• A:

Ukuxilongwa kuhlala kwenzeka kwinqanaba lesi-3

Umhlaza wemiphunga ngoyena nobangela uphambili wokufa komhlaza eMelika. Kuthatha ubomi obuninzi kunebele, ibele, kunye nomhlaza wekolon odibeneyo, ngokuka.

Phantse kubantu abafunyaniswe benomhlaza wemiphunga, esi sifo sifikelele kwinqanaba eliphambili ngexesha lokuchongwa. Isinye kwisithathu sabo bafikelele kwinqanaba 3.

Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 ukuya kuma-85 zemihlaza yomhlaza wamaphaphu ngumhlaza wesifo semiphunga ongekho mncinci (NSCLC). Phantse i-10 ukuya kwi-15 ekhulwini ngumhlaza omncinci wesifo somhlaza (SCLC). Ezi ntlobo zimbini zomhlaza wemiphunga ziphathwa ngokwahlukileyo.

Ngelixa amazinga okusinda ehluka, inqanaba lesithathu lomhlaza wemiphunga liyanyangeka. Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela umbono womntu, kubandakanya inqanaba lomhlaza, isicwangciso sonyango, kunye nempilo iyonke.

Funda ngakumbi ukuze ufunde ngeempawu, unyango, kunye nembonakalo yenqanaba 3 lomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu ongekho mncinci. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesifo.

Inqanaba 3 iindidi

Xa umhlaza wemiphunga ufikelela kwinqanaba lesithathu, sele usasazekile ukusuka emiphungeni ukuya kwezinye izicwili ezikufuphi okanye kwiindawo ezikude ze-lymph. Udidi olubanzi lwesigaba 3 somhlaza wemiphunga lwahlulwe lwangamaqela amabini, isigaba 3A kunye nenqanaba 3B.

Zombini inqanaba 3A kunye nenqanaba 3B zaphulwe zangamacandelwana ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu beethumba, indawo, kunye nokuzibandakanya kwe-lymph node.

Inqanaba 3A Umhlaza wemiphunga: Elinye icala lomzimba

Inqanaba 3A Umhlaza wemiphunga uthathelwa ingqalelo ekuhlaleni. Oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usasazekile kwii-lymph node kwicala elifanayo lesifuba njenge-tumor yokuqala. Kodwa khange ihambele kwiindawo ezikude emzimbeni.

I-bronchus ephambili, ulungelelwaniso lwemiphunga, udonga lwesifuba esifubeni, udonga lwesifuba, uvalo, okanye inwebu ejikeleze intliziyo inokuba nenxaxheba. Kunokubakho isifo se-metastasis kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo, i-trachea, i-esophagus, i-nerve elawula ibhokisi yezwi, ithambo lesifuba okanye umqolo, okanye i-carina, eyindawo apho i-trachea ijoyina i-bronchi.

Inqanaba 3B Umhlaza wemiphunga: Sasaza kwelinye icala

Inqanaba 3B Umhlaza wemiphunga uqhubele phambili. Esi sifo siye sasasazeka kwii-lymph nodes ngaphezu kwe-collarbone okanye kwiindawo ezikwelinye icala lesifuba ukusuka kwindawo ye-tumor yokuqala.

Inqanaba 3C Umhlaza wemiphunga: Usasazeka esifubeni

Inqanaba 3C umhlaza wemiphunga usasazeke kuyo yonke into okanye inxenye yodonga lwesifuba okanye ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi, imithambo-luvo yomzimba, okanye inwebu yesaka ejikeleze intliziyo.

Umhlaza uye wafikelela kwinqanaba 3C xa amaqhuqhuva amabini okanye nangaphezulu ahlukeneyo kwilungu elinye lemiphunga athe asasazeka kwii-lymph node ezikufuphi. Kwinqanaba 3C, umhlaza wemiphunga awusasazekanga kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba.

Njengenqanaba 3A, amanqanaba 3B kunye nomhlaza we-3C unokusasazeka kwezinye izakhiwo zesifuba. Inxalenye okanye wonke umphunga unokudumba okanye ukuwa.

Isigaba 3 seempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga unokungabonakali mpawu zibonakalayo. Kukho iimpawu ezibonakalayo, ezifana nokukhwehlela okutsha, okuqhubekayo, okukhohlisayo, okanye ukutshintsha kwesikhohlela sokutshaya (nzulu, rhoqo ngakumbi, sivelisa inkungu okanye igazi). Ezi mpawu zinokubonisa ukuba umhlaza uqhubele phambili uye kwinqanaba le-3.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla, ukubethwa ngumoya okanye ukuphefumla kancinci
• intlungu kwindawo yesifuba
• isandi esijikelezayo xa uphefumla
• utshintsho kwilizwi (i-hoarser)
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• iintlungu zethambo (zinokuba semva kwaye zinokuziva zimbi ebusuku)
• intloko ebuhlungu

Inqanaba 3 unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga

Unyango lwesigaba sesithathu somhlaza wemiphunga luqala ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ithumba kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kulandele ichemotherapy kunye nemitha. Utyando kuphela aluboniswa kwinqanaba le-3B.

Ugqirha wakho unokuncoma i-radiation okanye i-chemotherapy njengekhosi yokuqala yonyango ukuba utyando alunako ukususa ithumba. Unyango nge-radiation kunye ne-chemotherapy, nokuba ngaxeshanye okanye ngokulandelelana, inxulunyaniswa nenqanaba lokusinda le-3B ekuphuculweni ngokuthelekiswa nonyango kuphela, ngokuka.

Isigaba sesi-3 somdlavuza wokulindela ubomi kunye nenqanaba lokusinda

Isantya seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda sibhekisa kwipesenti yabantu abasaphilayo kwiminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba befumene isifo. Ezi nqanaba zokusinda zingahlulwa ngokwamanqanaba ohlobo oluthile lomhlaza ngexesha lokuchongwa.

Ngokwedatha yeAmerican Cancer Society efunyenwe kwiziko ledatha labantu abafunyaniswe benomhlaza wemiphunga phakathi konyaka we-1999 nowe-2010, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu kwinqanaba lesithathu le-NSCLC limalunga neepesenti ezingama-36. Kwinqanaba le-3B lomhlaza izinga lokusinda li malunga neepesenti ezingama-26. Kwinqanaba le-3C lomhlaza umyinge wokusinda umalunga nepesenti enye.

Gcinga ezingqondweni

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba inqanaba lesithathu umhlaza wemiphunga uyanyangeka. Wonke umntu wahlukile, kwaye akukho ndlela ichanekileyo yokuxela kwangaphambili ukuba umntu uya kuyiphendula njani na kunyango. Ubudala kunye nempilo ngokubanzi zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwindlela abantu abasabela ngayo kunyango lomhlaza wemiphunga.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nayiphi na imibuzo okanye inkxalabo onokuba unayo malunga nonyango. Baza kukunceda uphonononge ukhetho olufumanekayo ngokusekwe kwinqanaba lakho, iimpawu, kunye nezinye izinto zokuphila.

Uvavanyo lomhlaza wemiphunga yemiphunga lunokunika ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando lonyango olutsha. Olu nyango lutsha alunakho ukubonelela ngonyango, kodwa banako ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ubomi.

Q:

Zeziphi izibonelelo zokuyeka ukutshaya, kwanasemva kwenqanaba lesifo somhlaza wemiphunga?

A:

Ngokomphando kwiBritish Medical Journal, ukuyeka ukutshaya emva kokufumanisa isifo somhlaza wamaphaphu kuphucula iziphumo. Kukho ubungqina obucebisa ukuba ukuqhubeka nokutshaya kunokuphazamisa iziphumo zonyango kwaye kwandise iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nokwandisa amathuba akho okuba uphinde umhlaza okanye umhlaza wesibini. Kuyaziwa ukuba ukutshaya imidiza kukonyusa iingxaki zoqhaqho, ke ukuba utyando luyinxalenye yesicwangciso sonyango, ukutshaya kungakhokelela kulibaziseko kunyango lwenkqubo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba akukaze kube semva kwexesha ukuyeka ukutshaya. Izibonelelo zokuyeka ukutshaya zikhawuleza kwaye zinzulu, nokuba sele unawo umhlaza wemiphunga. Ukuba ufuna ukuyeka kodwa ukufumanisa kunzima, cela uncedo kwiqela lakho lezonyango.