Kutheni ungamele ujonge iLanga?

Umxholo

• Kwenzeka ntoni xa ujonge ilanga ixesha elide?
• Zithini iimpawu zokonakala kwamehlo xa ujonge ilanga?
• Uza kubona nini ugqirha wamehlo
• Ukunyanga ukonakala kwamehlo
• Ukuthintela ukonakala kwamehlo akho
• Uthintelo lwemihla ngemihla
• Ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga
• Umgca wezantsi

Ushwankathelo

Uninzi lwethu alunakujonga kwilanga eliqaqambileyo ixesha elide. Amehlo ethu abuthathaka aqala ukuvutha, kwaye ngethuku lemvelo siqhwanyaza kwaye sijonge kude ukunqanda ukungonwabi.

Ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga - xa inyanga ibhloka okwethutyana ukukhanya elangeni-ukujonga ilanga kuba lula kakhulu. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba kufanelekile ukuba uyayenza. Ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo elangeni nokuba nje kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu wamehlo.

Funda ukuze ufunde malunga neengozi zokujonga ilanga kunye nokuba wenze ntoni ukuba ucinga ukuba sele ulimele amehlo akho.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa ujonge ilanga ixesha elide?

Xa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) okuvela elangeni kungena elisweni, kugxile kwilensi yeliso nakwibala lokujonga ngasemva kweliso. Iretina sisihlunu esikhanyayo esikhanyayo esingaphakathi kumphezulu wamehlo.

Nje ukuba ifakwe kwi-retina, imitha ye-UV ikhokelela ekwenziweni kweeradicals zasimahla. Ezi radicals zasimahla ziqala ukwengeza izicwili ezingqongileyo. Ekugqibeleni bayitshabalalisa intonga kunye neekhowuni zefotoreceptor kwi-retina. Umonakalo we-oxidative ubhekiswa njenge-solar or photic retinopathy.

Umonakalo unokwenzeka kwimizuzwana nje embalwa yokujonga ngqo elangeni.

Zithini iimpawu zokonakala kwamehlo xa ujonge ilanga?

Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izilumkiso, abanye abantu basenokujonga nje ilanga xa kusithwa ilanga. Yintoni abantu abaninzi abangayiqondiyo kukuba awuyi kuva naziphi na iintlungu zamehlo ngelixa umonakalo usenzeka.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, mhlawumbi ngekhe uqaphele iimpawu okanye utshintsho lombono kwangoko, nokuba. Kungathatha ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuba uqale ube neempawu. Iimpawu ze-retinopathy yelanga zinokubakho ngeliso elinye, kodwa uninzi lweziganeko zenzeka ngamehlo omabini ngaxeshanye.

Kwiimeko ezincinci ze-photic retinopathy, unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Amehlo amanzi
• ukungonwabisi ukujonga izibane eziqaqambileyo
• ukukhathazeka kwamehlo
• intloko ebuhlungu

Ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokwenzeka kwiimeko ezinobuzaza:

• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukuncipha kombono
• ubunzima bokuqonda iimilo
• umbono ogqwethekileyo
• indawo engaboniyo okanye amabala amaninzi angaboniyo kumbono wakho
• ukonakala kwamehlo okusisigxina

Uza kubona nini ugqirha wamehlo

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zelanga lokuphinda ubonwe kwilanga iiyure ezininzi okanye usuku emva kokujonga elangeni, jonga ugqirha wamehlo kuvavanyo.

Ukuba ugqirha wamehlo akholelwa ekubeni une-solar retinopathy, uya kuba novavanyo olongezelelweyo olugqityiweyo ukuvavanya ngokupheleleyo nawuphi na umonakalo kwi-retina.

Ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwakho, ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokusebenzisa enye okanye iindlela ezingaphezulu zokujonga ukujonga amehlo akho, kubandakanya:

• Ingxowa-mali ye-autofluorescence (FAF)
• i-fluorescein angiography (i-FA)
• i-multithocal electroretinografi (mfERG)
• ukuhambelana komanyano tomography (OCT)

Ukunyanga ukonakala kwamehlo

Akukho nonyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-retinopathy yelanga. Ukufumana kwakhona ikakhulu kukulinda. Iimpawu ziya kuphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa kunokuthatha naphina ukusuka kwinyanga ukuya kunyaka ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Abanye abantu abanakuze baphinde bafumane umbono wabo ngokupheleleyo.

Izongezo ze-Antioxidant zinokuba luncedo ngexesha lokubuyiselwa, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwee-antioxidants kunyango akufundwanga.

Ukuchacha kuya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bomonakalo wamehlo. Ngelixa abanye abantu abane-retinopathy yelanga banokuphola ngokupheleleyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, umonakalo omkhulu kwi-retinopathy yelanga kunokubangela ukulahleka okungapheliyo kombono.

Ukuthintela ukonakala kwamehlo akho

Kuba akukho nyango lusebenzayo lokuguqula ukubuyela kwakhona kwilanga, ukuthintela kubaluleke kakhulu.

Uthintelo lwemihla ngemihla

Ngeentsuku ezishushu, qiniseka ukuba unxiba izibuko zelanga kunye nomnqwazi obanzi. Abantu abathatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yezamanzi, njengokuntywila emanzini, kufuneka banxibe ukukhuselwa kwamehlo okuthintela iipesenti ezili-100 zemitha ye-UV emanzini. Kubalulekile ukuba izibuko zakho zelanga zikhusele amehlo akho kuzo zombini i-UVA kunye nokukhanya kwe-UVB.

Abantwana basemngciphekweni othile wokubuyela kwilitha. Amehlo amancinci anokuhambisa ukukhanya ngakumbi kwi-retina. Abantwana banokungaziqondi ngokupheleleyo iziphumo zokujonga ilanga ixesha elide. Ukuba unabantwana, qiniseka ukuba uyenza icace into yokuba akufuneki bajonge ngqo elangeni. Bakhuthaze ukuba banxibe umnqwazi kunye nezibuko zelanga xa bengaphandle.

Ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga

Kungakulinga, kodwa akufuneki ujonge ilanga ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga ngaphandle kokukhuselwa kwamehlo okufanelekileyo. Umbutho weAmerican Astronomical Society ubonelela ngoluhlu olude lweiglasi ezamkelweyo zelanga kunye nababukeli belanga abagcinwe ngesandla.

Ukuba uyazi ukuba ukusithwa kwelanga kuya kubonakala kwindawo yakho, cinga ngokuthatha iiglasi zelanga ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Njengoko umhla we-Eclipse usondela, iiglasi kunokuba nzima ukuzifumana. Iiglasi zasimahla ze-Eclipse zihlala zifumaneka kwilayibrari yasekuhlaleni ngaphambi komnyhadala we-Eclipse.

Ungaze ujonge ilanga ngezibonakude, iiglasi zelanga eziqhelekileyo, iteleskopu, okanye ilensi yekhamera. Ukujonga ilanga ngeteleskopu okanye kwiibinoculars, ezikhulisa imitha yelanga, kubonisiwe ukuba kubangele owona monakalo mkhulu.

Akukhuthazwanga ukuba uzame ukujonga ukusithwa kwelanga ngemowudi yekhamera ye "smartphone" yakho. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngengozi ujonge ilanga ngelixa ulungelelanisa ikhamera yakho. Ungayonakalisa nefowuni yakho.

Kunqande ukusebenzisa iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa ngexesha lomsitho welanga. Abantu abaphantsi kwempembelelo yamachiza e-hallucinogenic, njengaye, bayaziwa ukuba bazifumanisa bexakwe yi-Eclipse kwaye bengakwazi ukujonga kude.

Umgca wezantsi

Ngelixa ilanga lixhasa ubomi bethu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungalijongi ngqo, kwanaxa ukusithwa kwelanga ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye. Ngelixa usenokungaziva buhlungu okanye uziva nawuphi na umonakalo njengoko ujonge elangeni, umngcipheko womonakalo emehlweni akho uphezulu.