Ukuqina: Kutheni kwaye zisetyenziswa njani

Umxholo

• Kutheni ndiza kufuna i-stent?
• Ndisilungiselela njani istent?
• I-stent yenziwa njani?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulumene nokufaka istent?
• Yintoni eyenzekayo emva kokufakwa kwe-stent?

Yintoni i-stent?

I-stent yityhubhu encinci enokufakwa ngugqirha kwindlela evaliweyo ukuyigcina ivulekile. I-stent ibuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi okanye olunye ulwelo, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ebekwe kuyo.

Iimpawu zenziwe ngetsimbi okanye iplastiki. Ukufakelwa kwesitendi zizinto ezinkulu ezisetyenziselwa imithambo emikhulu. Zingenziwa ngelaphu elikhethekileyo. Iimpawu zinokuthi zigqitywe ngamayeza ukunceda ukugcina umthambo ovaliweyo ekuvaleni.

Kutheni ndiza kufuna i-stent?

Amanqwanqwa adla ngokufuneka xa iipleyiti zivimba isitya segazi. Ilitye elenziwe nge-cholesterol nezinye izinto ezincamathele kwiindonga zenqanawa.

Unokufuna i-stent ngexesha lenkqubo engxamisekileyo. Inkqubo engxamisekileyo ixhaphake kakhulu ukuba umthambo wentliziyo obizwa ngokuba ngumthambo wecoronary uvaliwe. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala abeke i-catheter kumthambo we-coronary ovaliweyo. Oku kuyabavumela ukuba benze ibhaluni angioplasty ukuvula ukucinywa. Baya kuthi emva koko babeke i-stent kwimithambo yokugcina inqanawa ivulekile.

Iimpawu zinokuba luncedo ekuthinteleni ii-aneurysms ekuphukeni kwingqondo yakho, i-aorta, okanye eminye imithambo yegazi.

Ngaphandle kwemithambo yegazi, i-stents inokuvula nayiphi na le ndlela ilandelayo:

• i-bile ducts, eziyimibhobho ethwala inyongo isiya nakwizitho zokugaya ukutya
• i-bronchi, eyindlela encinci yomoya emiphungeni
• ii-ureters, eziyimibhobho ehambisa umchamo kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi

Ezi tyhubhu zinokuvaleka okanye zonakaliswe kanye njengemithambo yegazi.

Ndisilungiselela njani istent?

Ukulungiselela i-stent kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-stent esetyenziswayo. Kwindawo ebekiweyo kwisitya segazi, uya kuhlala ulungiselela ngokuthatha la manyathelo:

• Tshela ugqirha wakho malunga nawaphi na amayeza, amayeza, okanye izongezo ozithathayo.
• Musa ukuthatha naziphi na iziyobisi ezenza kube nzima kwigazi lakho ukuba lijiye, njenge-aspirin, i-clopidogrel, ibuprofen, kunye ne-naproxen.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha malunga nawaphi na amanye amayeza ekufuneka uyeke ukuwathatha.
• Yeka ukutshaya ukuba uyatshaya.
• Yazisa ugqirha wakho malunga naziphi na izifo, kubandakanya umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane.
• Musa ukusela amanzi okanye naluphi na ulwelo kubusuku obuphambi kotyando lwakho.
• Thatha nawaphi na amayeza amiselweyo ngugqirha wakho.
• Fika esibhedlele kunye nexesha elininzi lokulungiselela utyando.
• Landela nayiphi na enye imiyalelo ugqirha akunika yona.

Uyakufumana iyeza elenza ukuba undingize kwindawo yokusikwa. Uyakufumana amayeza efakwa ngaphakathi (IV) ukukunceda uphumle ngexesha lenkqubo.

I-stent yenziwa njani?

Zininzi iindlela zokufaka i-stent.

Ugqirha wakho uhlala efaka i-stent esebenzisa inkqubo encinci yokungena. Baza kwenza i-incision encinci kwaye basebenzise i-catheter ukukhokela izixhobo ezizodwa kwimithambo yegazi yakho ukufikelela kwindawo efuna i-stent. Olu qhekeko luhlala lukhona kwi-groin okanye engalweni. Esinye sezixhobo sinokuba nekhamera ekugqibeleni ukunceda ugqirha wakho akhokele i-stent.

Ngexesha lenkqubo, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa ubuchule bokucinga obubizwa ngokuba yi-angiogram ukukunceda ukukhokela i-stent kwisitya.

Usebenzisa izixhobo eziyimfuneko, ugqirha wakho uyakufumana isikhephe esaphukileyo okanye esivaliweyo kwaye afake i-stent. Emva koko baya kususa izixhobo emzimbeni wakho kwaye bavale ukusikwa.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulumene nokufaka istent?

Nayiphi na inkqubo yotyando ineengozi. Ukufaka i-stent kunokufuna ukufikelela kwimithambo yentliziyo okanye ingqondo. Oku kukhokelela kumngcipheko okhulayo weziphumo ezibi.

Umngcipheko onxulumene nokuqaqamba kubandakanya:

• uguquko kumayeza okanye idayi esetyenziswe kwinkqubo
• iingxaki zokuphefumla ngenxa ye-anesthesia okanye ukusebenzisa i-stent kwi-bronchi
• ukopha
• ukuvaleka komthambo
• amahlwili egazi
• isifo sentliziyo
• usulelo lwenqanawa
• amatye ezintso ngenxa yokusebenzisa i-stent kwii-ureters
• ukuphinda unciphise umthambo

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinqabileyo zibandakanya ukubetha kunye nokuhlutha.

Zimbalwa iingxaki ezixeliweyo ngeentente, kodwa kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba umzimba uya kuyala i-stent. Lo mngcipheko kufuneka uxoxwe nogqirha wakho. Izitofu zinezinto zetsimbi, kwaye abanye abantu bayaliwa okanye babuthathaka kwizinyithi. Abavelisi beentambo bacebisa ukuba nabani na onobuntununtunu kwisinyithi, akufuneki afumane isenti. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Ukuba unemicimbi yokopha, kuya kufuneka uvavanywe ngugqirha wakho. Ngokubanzi, kuya kufuneka uxoxe ngale micimbi nogqirha wakho. Banokukunika olona lwazi lwanamhlanje lunxulumene neenkxalabo zakho zobuqu.

Rhoqo kunokuba kunjalo, umngcipheko wokungafumani stent ungaphezulu kobungozi obunxulunyaniswa nokufumana enye. Ukuhamba kwegazi okulinganiselweyo okanye iinqanawa ezivaliweyo kunokudala iziphumo ezibi nezibi.

Yintoni eyenzekayo emva kokufakwa kwe-stent?

Unokuziva ubukrakra kwindawo yokucheba. Iipilisi zentlungu ethambile inokukunyanga oku. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi amisele iyeza lokuthintela ukubola.

Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukuba uhlale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki. Kuya kufuneka uhlale ixesha elide ukuba ufuna i-stent ngenxa yesiganeko se-coronary, esifana nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Xa ubuyela ekhaya, sela amanzi amaninzi kwaye uthintele ukusebenza komzimba ixesha elithile. Qiniseka ukuba ulandela yonke imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.