Iinketho zotyando ukunyanga oonobangela bokurhona okugqithisileyo

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Ugqirha ndiyeke ukurhona
• Inkqubo yeentsika (ukufakelwa kokubeleka)
• Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
• Ukuqhubela phambili kweMaxillomandibular (MMA)
• Ukukhuthaza imithambo-luvo yehypoglossal
• I-Septoplasty kunye nokunciphisa i-turbinate
• Ukuqhubela phambili kweGenioglossus
• Ukumiswa kweHyoid
• I-midline glossectomy kunye ne-lingualplasty
• Ukurhola iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando
• Ukurhola iindleko zotyando
• Yise kude

Ushwankathelo

Ngelixa uninzi lwabantu lurhona ngamanye amaxesha, abanye abantu banengxaki yexesha elide ngokurhona rhoqo. Xa ulele, izicubu zomqala wakho ziyaphumla. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zihlunu ziyangcangcazela zize zenze isandi esiqatha okanye esirhabaxa.

Imiba yomngcipheko wokurhola ibandakanya:

• ubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo
• ukuba yindoda
• ukuba nendawo encinci yomoya
• ukusela utywala
• iingxaki zempumlo
• Imbali yosapho yokurhona okanye yokuthintela ukungalali kakuhle

Kwiimeko ezininzi, urhona akunabungozi. Kodwa inokuphazamisa kakhulu wena kunye nokulala kweqabane lakho. Ukurhona kungangumqondiso wesimo esinzulu sempilo esibizwa ngokuba yi-apnea yokulala. Le meko ibangela ukuba uqale kwaye uyeke ukuphefumla rhoqo xa ulele.

Uhlobo olubi kakhulu lokuphefumula kokulala lubizwa ngokuba yi- obstructive sleep apnea. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuyekelela kwezihlunu ngasemva komqala wakho. Izicubu ezikhululekileyo zivimba indlela yakho yomoya ngelixa uleleyo, iyenza incinci, ukuze umoya omncinci ungaphefumlwa.

Ukuvalwa kunokuba mandundu kukukhubazeka komzimba emlonyeni, emqaleni, nasezindleleni, kunye neengxaki zemithambo-luvo. Ukwandiswa kolwimi yenye yezona zinto zibangela ukonwaba kunye nokuphefumla kokulala kuba ibuyela emqaleni kwaye ibhlake umoya wakho.

Uninzi loogqirha bancomela ukusebenzisa isixhobo okanye into oyithethayo ukuze ugcine umoya wakho uvulekile xa ulele. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha utyando luyacetyiswa kwiimeko ezinzima zokuphazamiseka kokulala okanye xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasebenzi.

Ugqirha ndiyeke ukurhona

Kwiimeko ezininzi, utyando lunokuphumelela ekunciphiseni ukurhorha kunye nokunyanga ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumla kokulala. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, urhona ukubuyisa ixesha. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuvavanya ukuze akuncede ubone ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Nazi ezinye iindlela ugqirha anokucebisa ngazo:

Inkqubo yeentsika (ukufakelwa kokubeleka)

Inkqubo yentsika, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukufakwa kwe-palatal, lutyando oluncinci olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukurhona kunye neemeko ezinzima zokuphefumla ubuthongo. Kubandakanya ukufakelwa kotyando lweepolyester ezincinci (zeplastiki) kwintonga entanyeni yomlomo wakho.

Nganye yezi zinto zifakelweyo imalunga neemilimitha ezili-18 ubude ne-1.5 yeemilimitha ububanzi. Njengokuba izicwili ezijikeleze ezi zinto zifakwa ziphola, inkalakahla iyaqina. Oku kunceda ukugcina izicwili ziqinile kwaye kunqabile ukuba zingcangcazele kwaye zibangele ukurhona.

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)

I-UPPP yinkqubo yotyando eyenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo ebandakanya ukususa izicwili ezithambileyo ngasemva nangaphezulu komqala. Oku kubandakanya ukuvulwa, okuxhonywe ekuvulekeni komqala, kunye nezinye zeendonga zomqala kunye nenkalakahla.

Oku kwenza ukuphefumla kube lula ngokugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile ngakumbi. Ngelixa kunqabile, olu tyando lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide ezinjengeengxaki zokuginya, ukutshintsha kwelizwi, okanye imvakalelo esisigxina yento esemqaleni wakho.

Xa izicwili ezisemva komqala zisuswa kusetyenziswa i-radiofrequency (RF) yamandla, ibizwa ngokuba yi-radiofrequency ablation. Xa kusetyenziswa i-laser, ibizwa ngokuba yi-laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty. Ezi nkqubo zinokukunceda ukurhona kodwa azisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isithintelo sokuphefumla kokulala.

Ukuqhubela phambili kweMaxillomandibular (MMA)

I-MMA yinkqubo ebanzi yotyando ehambisa phezulu (maxilla) kunye nezantsi (mandibular) emihlathini phambili ukuvula indlela yakho yomoya. Ukuvuleka okungaphezulu kweendlela zomoya kunganciphisa ithuba lokuthintelwa kunye nokwenza irhorho elincinci kunqabile.

Abantu abaninzi abafumana olu nyango kunyango lwe-apnea yokulala baneziphene ebusweni ezichaphazela ukuphefumla kwabo.

Ukukhuthaza imithambo-luvo yehypoglossal

Ukukhuthaza imithambo-luvo elawula izihlunu kwindawo ephezulu yomoya kunokunceda ukugcina iindlela zomoya zivulekile kwaye kunciphise ukurhona.Isixhobo esenziwe ngotyando sinokuyivuselela le luvo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypoglossal nerve. Iyasebenza ngexesha lokulala kwaye inokubona xa umntu oyinxibileyo engaphefumli ngokwesiqhelo.

I-Septoplasty kunye nokunciphisa i-turbinate

Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhubazeka komzimba kwimpumlo yakho kunokuba negalelo ekurhoneni okanye ekuthinteleni i-apnea yokulala. Kule meko, ugqirha unokucebisa nge-septoplasty okanye ngoqhaqho oluncitshiswayo.

I-septoplasty ibandakanya ukulungisa izicubu kunye namathambo embindini wempumlo. Ukunciphisa i-turbinate kubandakanya ukunciphisa ubungakanani bethishu ngaphakathi kwempumlo yakho enceda ukumanzisa kunye nokufudumeza umoya ophefumlayo.

Zombini ezi ndlela zotyando zihlala zenziwa ngaxeshanye. Banokukunceda ukuvula iindlela zomoya empumlweni, ukwenza ukuphefumla kube lula kunye nokurhona.

Ukuqhubela phambili kweGenioglossus

Ukuqhubela phambili kwe-Genioglossus kubandakanya ukuthatha umsipha wolwimi onamathele kumhlathi ongezantsi kwaye uwutsalele phambili. Oku kwenza ukuba ulwimi luqine kwaye kungabikho amathuba okuphumla xa ulele.

Ukwenza oku, ugqirha wotyando uya kusika iqhekeza elincinci kumhlathi ongezantsi apho ulwimi lunamathela khona, emva koko alitsale elo thambo phambili. Isikrelem esincinci okanye ipleyiti inamathela kwisiqwenga sethambo kumhlathi ongezantsi ukubamba ithambo endaweni yalo.

Ukumiswa kweHyoid

Kutyando lokumiswa kwe-hyoid, ugqirha wotyando uhambisa isiseko solwimi kunye nomsipha womqala wethambo obizwa ngokuba yi-epiglottis phambili. Oku kunceda ukuvula indawo yokuphefumla ngokunzulu emqaleni.

Ngexesha lotyando, ugqirha usika emqaleni kwaye ubambe imisipha emininzi kunye nesihlunu esithile. Nje ukuba ithambo le-hyoid lihanjiswe phambili, ugqirha wotyando ulincamathisela endaweni yalo. Ngenxa yokuba olu tyando aluchaphazeli imicu yelizwi, ilizwi lakho kufuneka lihlale lingatshintshi emva kotyando.

I-midline glossectomy kunye ne-lingualplasty

Utyando lwe-midline glossectomy lusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ubungakanani bolwimi kunye nokunyusa ubungakanani bendlela yakho yomoya. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-midline glossectomy ibandakanya ukususa iinxalenye eziphakathi kunye nasemva kolwimi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wotyando uya kunciphisa iitoni kwaye asuse inxenye yeepiglottis.

Ukurhola iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lokufumana utyando olwenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezixhaphakileyo kolu tyando ziyadibana, kubandakanya:

• iintlungu nobuhlungu
• usulelo
• ukungonwabi emzimbeni, njengokuziva unento esemqaleni okanye ngaphezulu komlomo wakho
• umqala obuhkungu

Ngelixa uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zihlala kuphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kotyando, ezinye zinokuhlala ixesha elide. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukoma empumlweni, emlonyeni nasemqaleni
• erhona oko kuqhubeka
• ukukhathazeka okungapheliyo komzimba
• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• utshintsho kwilizwi

Ukuba uhlakulela umkhuhlane emva kotyando okanye amava abuhlungu, biza ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Le yimiqondiso yosulelo olunokwenzeka.

Ukurhola iindleko zotyando

Olunye utyando lokurhona lungahlawulwa yinshurensi yakho. Utyando ludla ngokugutyungelwa xa ukurhona kwakho kubangelwa yimeko yonyango efumanekayo, njengokuphazamiseka kokulala.

Nge-inshurensi, utyando lokurhona lungabiza amakhulu amawaka ukuya kumawakawaka eedola. Ngaphandle kweinshurensi, inokubiza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10, 000 yeedola.

Yise kude

Utyando lokurhona luhlala lubonwa njengendawo yokugqibela xa umntu engaphenduli kunyango olungafunekiyo njengezinto zomlomo okanye izixhobo zomlomo. Zininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokonyanga utyando, kwaye nganye iza neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nomngcipheko. Thetha nogqirha ukuze ubone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando olulungele wena.