Umbhali: Robert Simon
Umhla Wokudalwa: 20 Isilimela 2021
Hlaziya Umhla: 17 Eyenkanga 2024
Anonim
Ukukhulisa usapho lwakho ngokuSebenzisa uMfazi ngokuNgena esibelekweni - Zempilo
Ukukhulisa usapho lwakho ngokuSebenzisa uMfazi ngokuNgena esibelekweni - Zempilo

Umxholo

UDavid Prado / uStocky United

Yintoni abafana ngayo uKim Kardashian, uSarah Jessica Parker, uNeil Patrick Harris, noJimmy Fallon? Zonke zidumile - yinyani leyo. Kodwa bonke basebenzise ii-surrogatives ukukhulisa iintsapho zabo.

Njengoko abadumileyo besazi, zininzi iindlela zokuba nabantwana kule mihla. Kwaye njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, kukwanjalo nokukhetha. Baninzi abantu abaphethukela kwisivumelwano.

Ngelixa ungadibanisa lo mkhuba neenkwenkwezi ze-movie kunye nezityebi, nantsi into onokuyilindela-ukusuka kwinkqubo ngokubanzi ukuya kwiindleko jikelele-ukuba ucinga ukuba le ndlela ingangumdlalo olungileyo wosapho lwakho.

Kutheni ukhetha ukuzimela?

Kuqala kuza uthando, emva koko kuza umtshato, emva koko kuza usana kwinqwelo yomntwana. Ingoma endala ngokuqinisekileyo ishiya okuninzi ngaphandle, akunjalo?


Ewe, ukuzimela kunokunceda ukugcwalisa ezinye zezo nkcukacha kwiipesenti ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-15 zabantu abatshatileyo abanengxaki yokungachumi - kunye nakwabanye abafuna ukuba nabantwana bokwenyama kwaye bakwezinye iimeko.

Zininzi izizathu zokuba abantu bakhethe ukuzimela:

  • Imicimbi yezempilo ithintela owasetyhini ukuba angakhulelwa okanye athwale ixesha lokukhulelwa.
  • Imicimbi yokungachumi iyakuthintela izibini ekubeni zikhulelwe okanye zihlale zikhulelwe, njengokuphulukana nokuphazamiseka rhoqo.
  • Abantu besini esifanayo banqwenela ukuba nabantwana. Oku kunokuba ngamadoda amabini, kodwa abasetyhini bakufumanisa olu khetho lunomdla kuba iqanda kunye nesibeleko esiphumela kwiqabane elinye linokudluliselwa kwaye lihanjiswe lelinye iqabane.
  • Abantu abangatshatanga bafuna ukuba nabantwana.

Idibeneyo: Yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga nokungabikho komntwana

Iindidi zokumitha

Igama elithi "surrogacy" lihlala lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza iimeko ezahlukeneyo.

  • A umntu ophetheyo uthwala ukukhulelwa komntu okanye isibini esisebenzisa iqanda elingelilo elithwala. Iqanda linokuvela kumama ekujongwe kuye okanye umnikeli. Kwangokunjalo, isidoda sinokuvela kutata ekujongwe kuye okanye umnikeli. Ukukhulelwa kufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa in vitro fertilization (IVF).
  • A ngokwesivumelwano ngokwesivumelwano Zombini zinikela ngeqanda lazo kwaye zithwele ukukhulelwa komntu okanye isibini. Ukukhulelwa kuhlala kufezekiswa ngokufakwa ngaphakathi kwe-intrauterine (IUI) ngesidoda esivela kutata ekucetywe yena. Isidoda somnikeli sinokusetyenziswa.

Ngokwe-arhente yokuZalela ngeNdawo eseMazantsi, abathwali bokukhulelwa baxhaphake kakhulu kunakwabanye ngokwesiko. Kutheni le nto? Kuba ngokwesivumelwano ngokwesiko unikela ngeqanda lakhe, ngobuchwephesha ikwayiyo eziphilayo umama womntwana.


Ngelixa oku kunokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo, kunokwenza imiba yomthetho kunye neemvakalelo. Ngapha koko, amazwe aliqela anemithetho echasene nokuzimela ngokwesiko ngezi zizathu.

Ungamfumana njani umntu obambeleyo

Abanye abantu bafumana umhlobo okanye ilungu losapho elizimisele ukukhonza njengommeli. Abanye babhenela kwiiarhente zokuzalela abanye abantu - eUnited States okanye phesheya- ukufumana umdlalo olungileyo. Iiarhente zokuqala zabagqatswa besikrini ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayazifezekisa iikhrayitheriya ezinxulumene nenkqubo. Emva koko badibanisa izinto ozifunayo / iimfuno zokufumana eyona meko ilungileyo kusapho lwakho.

Awazi ukuba uqale ngaphi? Iqela elingenzi nzuzo loMbutho weenqobo ezisisiseko kwi-Egg Donation and Surrogacy (SEEDS) yenzelwe ukuphonononga kunye nokugcina imiba yokuziphatha efanelekileyo ejikeleze umnikelo weqanda kunye nokuzimela. Iqela ligcina ulawulo lwamalungu olunokukunceda ufumane iiarhente kwindawo yakho.

Iikhrayitheriya zokuba ngumfazi obambeleyo

Amabanga emfundo okuba ngokwesivumelwano sokukhulelwa ayahluka ngokwearhente, kodwa zibandakanya izinto ezinje:


  • Ubudala. Abaviwa kufuneka babe phakathi kweminyaka eyi-21 kunye ne-45 yeminyaka ubudala. Kwakhona, uluhlu oluthile luyahluka ngokwendawo.
  • Imvelaphi yokuzala. Kukwanyanzelekile ukuba baphathe ubuncinci ukukhulelwa-ngaphandle kwengxaki- ukuya kwikota kodwa banokubeleka okungaphantsi kwesihlanu kwilungu lobufazi kunye namacandelo amabini okuyeka.
  • Indlela yokuphila. Abameleyo kufuneka bahlale kwindawo exhasayo yasekhaya, njengoko kuqinisekiswa sisifundo sasekhaya. Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi notywala zezinye zezinto eziqwalaselwayo.
  • Uvavanyo. Ukongeza, abo banokuphinda babekhona kufuneka babe novavanyo lwempilo yengqondo, ukugqibelela komzimba-kubandakanya ukuvavanywa kwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo.

Injongo yabazali baneemfuno ezithile zokuhlangabezana nazo. Oku kubandakanya:

  • ukubonelela ngembali yezempilo epheleleyo
  • ukuba neemviwo ezibonakalayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba banokuphumelela kwimijikelezo yokubuyisa isichumiso se-vitro
  • ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezosulelayo
  • ukuvavanyelwa izifo ezithile zemfuza ezinokudluliselwa emntwaneni

Ingcebiso ngezempilo yengqondo ikwacetyiswa ukuba igubungele izinto ezinje ngokulindelweyo kwisivumelwano, ukuba likhoboka, ukuxhatshazwa, kunye neminye imiba yengqondo.

Inxulumene: Isikhokelo seentsuku ezingama-30 kwimpumelelo ye-IVF

Kwenzeka njani, inyathelo ngenyathelo

Nje ukuba ufumene umntu obambeleyo, ukufezekisa ukukhulelwa kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni loluphi uhlobo lwe-surrogate oyisebenzisayo.

Ngeziphatho zokuthwala, inkqubo ijongeka ngoluhlobo:

  1. Khetha umntu obambeleyo, ngesiqhelo kwiarhente.
  2. Yenza ikhontrakthi esemthethweni kwaye uyiqwalasele kwakhona.
  3. Yiya kwinkqubo yokufumana kwakhona iqanda (ukuba usebenzisa amaqanda oomama ekucetywayo) okanye ufumane amaqanda abanikeli. Yenza imibungu usebenzisa isidoda sikatata okanye isidoda esixhasayo.
  4. Dlulisa iimbumba kumphathi wesithintelo (ngokwesivumelwano) kwaye emva koko-ukuba uyabambelela- landela ukukhulelwa. Ukuba ayisebenzi, abazali ekujoliswe kubo kunye nokumitha banokulandela omnye umjikelo we-IVF.
  5. Umntwana uyazalwa, ngelo xesha abazali ekujongwe ukuba bafumane ilungelo elipheleleyo lokugcina njengoko kuchaziwe kwisivumelwano esisemthethweni.

Abachaphazelekayo ngokwesiko, kwelinye icala, banikela ngamaqanda abo, ke i-IVF ihlala ingabandakanyeki kwinkqubo.

  1. Khetha umntu obambeleyo.
  2. Yenza ikhontrakthi esemthethweni kwaye uyiqwalasele kwakhona.
  3. Yiya kwinkqubo ye-IUI usebenzisa isidoda sikatata okanye isidoda somnikeli.
  4. Landela ukukhulelwa okanye - ukuba umjikelo wokuqala awusebenzi- zama kwakhona.
  5. Umntwana uzelwe. Umntu obambeleyo usenokufuna ukuwaphelisa ngokusemthethweni amalungelo obuzali emntwaneni, kwaye abazali ekujongwe kubo kungafuneka bagcwalise umntwana wabazali abatsha ukongeza kuyo nayiphi na ikhontrakthi esemthethweni ebekwe kumanqanaba okuqala enkqubo.

Ewe, le nkqubo inokwahluka kancinci kuxhomekeke kwimeko ohlala kuyo.

Kuza kubiza malini oku?

Iindleko ezinxulunyaniswa nokuzalelwa umntwana ngokwesivumelwano kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kwaye uhlala phi. Ngokubanzi, iindleko zomthwali wesithwala zingawela ndawo phakathi kwe- $ 90,000 kunye ne- $ 130,000 xa uthathela ingqalelo imbuyekezo, iindleko zokhathalelo lwempilo, iifizi zomthetho kunye nezinye iimeko ezinokuvela.

I-Arhente yokuNgena kwabantu eNxweme laseNtshona, esekwe kuyo yonke iCalifornia, idwelisa iindleko zayo ngokweenkcukacha kwiwebhusayithi yayo kwaye icacisa ukuba ezi ntlawulo zingatshintsha ngaphandle kwesaziso.

Imbuyekezo iyonke

Ukuhlawulwa kwesiseko yi- $ 50,000 yama-surrogate amatsha kunye ne- $ 60,000 yama-surrogate anamava. Kukho iirhafu ezongezelelweyo ngokunjalo. Umzekelo:

  • $ 5,000 ukuba ukukhulelwa kubangela amawele
  • $ 10,000 yamathathu
  • Iidola ezingama-3,000 ukuhanjiswa kwe-cearean

Unokufumana iindleko (ezahlukileyo) kwizinto ezinje:

  • izibonelelo zenyanga
  • imivuzo elahlekileyo
  • i-inshorensi yempilo

Iindleko zinokubandakanya iimeko ezizodwa, ezinje ngokurhoxiswa kwemijikelezo ye-IVF, ukunciphisa kunye nonyango, ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, ukunciphisa usana kunye nezinye iimeko ezingalindelekanga.

Uvavanyo

Abazali abalindeleyo baya kuthi bahlawule malunga ne- $ 1,000 yokuvavanywa kwezempilo yengqondo ngokwabo, ngokwesivumelwano, kunye neqabane lesivumelwano. Imvelaphi yolwaphulo-mthetho yokujonga amaqela omabini axabisa phakathi kwe- $ 100 kunye ne- $ 400. Ukuhlolwa kwezonyango kuya kuxhomekeka kwiingcebiso zeklinikhi ye-IVF.

Iindleko zomthetho

Kukho iirhafu ezimbalwa zomthetho ezichaphazelekayo, ukusuka ekuyileni nasekuphononongeni isivumelwano se-surrogacy ($ 2,500 kunye ne- $ 1,000, ngokwahlukeneyo) ekumiseni ubuzali ($ 4,000 ukuya kwi- $ 7,000) ukuthembela kulawulo lweakhawunti ($ 1,250). Inani lilonke lilapha liphakathi kwe- $ 8,750 ukuya kwi-11,750 yeedola.

Ezinye iindleko

Oku kuyahluka ngeklinikhi kunye nearhente. Njengomzekelo, iWest Coast Surrogacy yazisa ngengcebiso yezengqondo kubazali bayo ekujongwe kubo kwaye ibabele kwakhona kwimizuzu engama-90 ngenyanga nasemva kwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo, njengokudluliselwa kwembungu. Lilonke, ezi seshoni zinokubiza i-2,500 yeedola- nangona kunjalo, le nkxaso inokuthi okanye ingacetyiswa zezinye iiarhente.

Ezinye iindleko ezinokubakho zibandakanya i-inshurensi yezempilo ye-surrogate ($ 25,000), i-inshurensi yobomi (i- $ 500), kunye nokuhlala ehotele / iifizi zokuhamba ezinxulumene nemijikelo ye-IVF ($ 1,500). Abazali banokulungiselela ukuqinisekiswa kwe-inshurensi yabucala yezempilo ($ 275).

Kwakhona, kukho ezinye iimeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngamayeza e-IVF kunye nokubeka iliso okanye ukulahleka kwemivuzo ngenxa yeengxaki zokukhulelwa, ezinokwahluka ngokweendleko.

Kuthekani ngabamisi ngokwesiko?

Iindleko zakho zinokuba sezantsi ngokwesivumelwano ngokwesiko kuba akukho IVF ibandakanyekayo. Iindleko ze-IUI zincinci kwaye zihlala zineenkqubo zonyango ezimbalwa ezinxulumene noko.

Ngaba i-inshurensi yezempilo ihlawula naziphi na iindleko?

Ngokuqinisekileyo akunjalo, kodwa inzima. Ngokwe-arhente yeConceiveAbility, malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 zezicwangciso zeinshurensi yezempilo zibandakanya i-verbiage ethi iyakwenza njalo hayi ukuhlawula iindleko zowesifazane kwi-surrogacy. Ngokujikeleze iipesenti ezi-5 zibonelela ngokugubungela, kodwa ezinye iipesenti ezingama-65 zithe shwaka kulo mbandela.

Ngamafutshane: Zininzi iindawo zokuqeshwa, iinkqubo, kunye nokuzalwa ngokwakho okucinga ngako. Awufuni mali engalindelekanga nexabisa i-inshurensi yezempilo.

Uninzi lweearhente luyakukunceda uphonononge isicwangciso seinshurensi yezempilo ukumisela isigubungelo. Banokucebisa ukuba uthenge i-inshurensi ngaphandle komntu obambeleyo usebenzisa iinkqubo zeinshurensi yokubamba ngokugqithileyo ngokusebenzisa iiarhente ezinje ngeNew Life okanye i-ART Risk Solutions.

Imiba yezomthetho ekufuneka iqwalaselwe

Akukho mithetho yomanyano ejikeleze u-surrogacy. Endaweni yokuba, imithetho esebenzayo ixhomekeke kwimeko ohlala kuyo. Imiba yezomthetho inokuvela xa omnye umzali enxulumene ngokwebhayoloji nomntwana kwaye omnye engenjalo - nokuba umntu obelekisiweyo akayelelananga ngokwebhayoloji.

Ukuzimisela ngokwesiko- xa umntu obambeleyo ikwangumama webhayiloji- kunokuba nzima ngakumbi. Phakathi kweminye imiba, unokufuna ukukhusela oko kubizwa ngokuba ngumyalelo wangaphambi kokuzalwa oza kudweliswa njengomzali kwisiqinisekiso sokuzalwa xa usana luzalwa. Amanye amazwe anokungakuvumeli oku, nokuba abanayo imithetho echasene nokuzalelwa ngokwesiko ngokwesiko. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzali ongenguye owomzali unokufuna ukuya kwinkqubo yolwamkelo.

Nokuba imeko ithini na, iAmerican College of Obstetricians kunye neGynecologists icebisa ukuba ukumela umntwana kunye nabazali ekujongwe kubo balungiselele ukumelwa ngokwasemthethweni okuzimeleyo namagqwetha anamava okuzalela umntwana.

Idibeneyo: Umthetho ofakwe ngumama ongamzaliyo uphakamisa imiba emitsha yezomthetho, yokuziphatha

Imiba engalindelwanga ngokuzimela

Xa ucwangcisa i-surrogacy, yonke into ibonakala ngathi ichanekile. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba njengezona zinto zininzi ebomini, kukho amathuba emicimbi yokuvela kwaye enze izinto zikhohlise.

Ezinye izinto eziqwalaselwayo:

  • IVF okanye i-IUI ayisosiqinisekiso sokukhulelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi nkqubo azisebenzi kwilinge lokuqala okanye nakwilandelayo. Unokufuna imijikelezo eliqela ukufezekisa ukukhulelwa.
  • Asifuni ukuba nguDebbie Downer apha. Kodwa enye into ethathelwa ingqalelo kukuba nokuba kwenzeka ukukhulelwa, ukuphuphuma kwesisu kunokwenzeka.
  • Njengakwindlela yesiqhelo yokukhulelwa-ukuba ngumzali, kuhlala kukho ithuba lemicimbi yezempilo kunye nosana okanye iingxaki zokumitha okanye ukuzalwa okwenyani.
  • Ukukhulelwa nge-IVF kunye ne-IUI kunokubangela ukuphindaphindeka - amawele okanye kathathu.
  • Ngelixa izifundo zasekhaya kunye novavanyo lwengqondo ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yovavanyo, abanakuqinisekisa ukuba abo bamkelekileyo ngekhe babandakanyeke kwiindlela zokuziphatha onokuthi uziqwalasele njengomngcipheko. (Kwelinye icala, uninzi lwabaphumeleleyo luthwala iintsana ngaphandle komnqweno wokuzisa uvuyo lokuba ngumzali kubantu abangenakho ukuyifumana ngenye indlela.)

Inqaku kwabo bacinga ukuba ngummeleli

Kukho iindlela ngeendlela zokuba ngokwesivumelwano kunokuvakala kwindlela ophila ngayo. Ungayifumana imali inomdla okanye uzive uzalisekisiwe ngokunika isibini into abangenako ukuyiphumeza ngaphandle koncedo lwakho.

Okwangoku, sisigqibo esikhulu. I-Arhente yeeNtsingiselo zoSapho ichaza izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo sokumiselwa.

  • Uya kudinga ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke ezona mfuno zisezantsi-kubandakanya ezo zibhekisa kubudala, inqanaba lempilo, imbali yokuzala, kunye nenqanaba lengqondo-ezinokwahluka ngokwearhente.
  • Uya kufuneka ulunge ngokunikezela ngolawulo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Nangona kungumzimba wakho, okwenzekayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa akuphelelanga kuwe. Oku kubandakanya izinto ezinjengokuvavanywa ongenakuzikhethela kodwa ukuba abazali ekujongwe ukuba banqwenele ukuya kubo.
  • Kuya kufuneka ukuba ucinge ngenkqubo uqobo. Ukukhulelwa nge-IVF kuthatha iinkqubo kunye namayeza. Cinga ngendlela oza kuziva ngayo malunga nokuthatha iziyobisi ezingena ngenaliti kunye nezomlomo kunye neehomoni.
  • Uya kufuna ukuqaphela ukuba usapho lwakho lugqityiwe. Ngaba ufuna abanye abantwana? Qonda ukuba ngokukhulelwa ngakunye kunye nokukhula, ubuninzi beengozi ezinokubakho ezinokuthi zichaphazele ukuzala kwakho.
  • Kuya kufuneka ufumane igalelo kusapho lwakho ngokunjalo. Uziva njani umlingane wakho ngokuzalela omnye umntu? Kuthekani ngabantwana bakho?

Akukho mpendulo zichanekileyo nezingalunganga kwimibuzo ekufuneka uzibuzile yona - zizinto nje ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ukumitha umntu othile kunokuba yinkqubo emangalisayo kunye nesipho.

Inxulumene: Ukungachumi emva kokupha amaqanda

Ukuthatha

Ngelixa i-surrogacy isenokungasoloko ilula okanye icacile, abantu abaninzi ngakumbi bakhetha le ndlela.

Ngo-1999 kwakunikelwa ingxelo nje eUnited States. Ngo-2013, eli nani lenyuka laya kutsho kuma-3 432, kwaye liyaqhubeka nokunyuka nyaka ngamnye.

Yinkqubo ebandakanyekayo kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufanelekile ukuba iphandwe. Ukuba i-surrogacy ibonakala ngathi inokuba ilungele usapho lwakho, cinga ukunxibelelana ne-arhente ekufutshane nawe ukuya ngaphezulu komda wexesha, iindleko, kunye nokunye ukuqwalaselwa okunokuthi ngqo kuhambo lwakho. Zininzi iindlela zokuba ngumzali- kwaye le yenye yazo.

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