Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo: xa kubonisiwe, kwenziwa njani kunye nomngcipheko

Umxholo

• Xa kuboniswa ukufakelwa
• Ukufakelwa kwakhona kwenziwa njani
• Ukwazi njani ukuba ukufakelwa komzimba kuyahambelana
• Umngcipheko onokubakho wokufakelwa

Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo luhlobo lonyango olunokusetyenziswa kwimeko yezifo ezinobuzaza ezichaphazela umongo wethambo, okwenza ukuba ungakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi wawo wokuvelisa iiseli zegazi kunye nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiplatelets, ii-lymphocyte kunye neleukocytes .

Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zokufakelwa komongo wethambo:

• Ukufakelwa ngokutsha komongo wethambo okanye "ukufakelwa okuzenzekelayo": isetyenziswa ikakhulu kubantu abafuna i-radiotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy. Inokususa iiseli ezisempilweni ngaphambi komongo ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ngonyango kwaye emva koko uzitofa emzimbeni, emva konyango, ukuvumela ukudalwa komongo osempilweni ngakumbi.
• Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo lweallogeneic: iiseli eziza kufakelwa ngokutsha zithathwa kumnikeli ophilileyo, ekufuneka enze iimvavanyo ezizodwa zegazi ukuqinisekisa ukungqinelana kweeseli, eziya kuthi zifuduselwe kwisigulana esifanelekileyo.

Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zokufakelwa, kukho indlela entsha eyenza ukuba kugcinwe iiseli zesitshixo kwimbambo yomntwana, enokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo ezivela ebomini.

Xa kuboniswa ukufakelwa

Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kuhlala kubonisiwe ukunyanga:

• Umhlaza womongo wethambo, ezinjenge-leukemia, i-lymphoma okanye i-myeloma eninzi;
• Ezinye iintlobo ze-anemia, ezinje nge-aplastic anemia, isifo serhengqa okanye i-thalassemia;
• Ukulimala kwentambo yomqolo ngenxa yonyango olunoburharha, njenge-chemotherapy;
• Neutropenia ukuzalwa

Umongo wethambo wenziwe ngeeseli zehematopoietic stem, okanye i-CTH, inoxanduva lokuvelisa iiseli zegazi kunye namajoni omzimba. Ke, ukufakelwa umongo wethambo kwenziwa ngenjongo yokutshintsha umongo wethambo onesiphene ngendlela esempilweni ngokusebenzisa ii-HSCs ezisempilweni nezisebenzayo.

Ukufakelwa kwakhona kwenziwa njani

Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo yinkqubo ehlala ixesha elingangeeyure ezi-2 kwaye yenziwa ngotyando kunye ne-anesthesia ngokubanzi okanye ye-epidural. Kutyando, umongo wethambo uyasuswa kumathambo esinqe okanye kwithambo le-sternum yomnikeli ophilileyo nohambelanayo.

Emva koko, iiseli ezisusiweyo ziyagcinwa ngumkhenkce kwaye zigcinwa de umamkeli ayigqibe ikhemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiotherapy ejonge ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezimbi. Okokugqibela, iiseli zomongo wethambo ezisempilweni zifakwe kwigazi lesigulana ukuze zikwazi ukuphindaphindeka, zivelise umongo wethambo osempilweni kwaye zivelise iiseli zegazi.

Ukwazi njani ukuba ukufakelwa komzimba kuyahambelana

Ukuhambelana kokutsalwa komongo wethambo kufuneka kuvavanywe ukuthintela umngcipheko wokwaliwa kunye neengxaki ezinzulu, njengokuphuma ngaphakathi okanye usulelo. Ngenxa yoku, umntu onokuthi anikele ngomongo wethambo kufuneka enze ingqokelela yegazi kwiziko elikhethekileyo, njenge-INCA, ukuze kuvavanywe. Ukuba umnikeli akahambelani, unokuhlala kuluhlu lweedatha ukuba abizelwe kwesinye isigulana esihambelanayo. Fumana ukuba ngubani onokunikela ngomongo wethambo.

Ngokwesiqhelo, inkqubo yovavanyo lokuhambelana komongo wethambo iqalwa kubazalwa besigulana, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba babe nomongo wethambo, emva koko bandiselwe kuluhlu lweedatha zikazwelonke, ukuba abantakwabo abangahambelani.

Umngcipheko onokubakho wokufakelwa

Imingcipheko ephambili okanye iingxaki zokutsalwa komongo wethambo zibandakanya:

• Anemia;
• Iingxangxasi;
• Ukopha kwimiphunga, amathumbu okanye ingqondo;
• Ukwenzakala kwezintso, isibindi, imiphunga okanye intliziyo;
• Izifo ezinzulu;
• Ukwala;
• Ukudibanisa ngokuchasene nesifo somamkeli;
• Impendulo kwi-anesthesia;
• Ukuphinda ubuye kwesi sifo.

Iingxaki zokufakelwa komongo wethambo ziqheleka ngakumbi xa umnikeli engahambelani ngokupheleleyo, kodwa zinokunxulumana nempendulo yomzimba wesigulana, yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukwenza uvavanyo lwelabhoratri kubo bobabini umnikeli kunye nomamkeli ukuze aqinisekise ukuhambelana.kwaye nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuphendula. Yazi nokuba yeyantoni na kunye nendlela eyenziwa ngayo umongo wethambo.