Unyango kunye nonyango lwe-ADPKD

Umxholo

• Amayeza
• Ukukhula kwe-cyst kidney
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Usulelo
• Intlungu
• Ukutya kunye ne-hydration
• Utyando lokunyanga iingxaki
• I-Dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso
• Unyango olongezelelekileyo
• Ukuthatha

Isifo sezintso esine-Autosomal esilawulayo (ADPKD) sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo sesifo sezintso (PKD).

Inokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo, ezinje:

• intlungu
• igazi elonyukayo
• ukusilela kwezintso

Alukho unyango lwe-ADPKD okwangoku. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza, utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, kunye nolunye ungenelelo ngoncedo ekuncedeni ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokukhusela iingxaki.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nonyango lwe-APDKD.

Amayeza

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela inani lamayeza ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho okanye iingxaki ze-ADPKD.

Ukukhula kwe-cyst kidney

Kwi-2018, uLawulo lokutya kunye neDrug (i-FDA) yamkele iyeza tolvaptan (Jynarque) ukunyanga i-ADPKD.

Eli yeza linceda ukucothisa ukukhula kwee-cysts ezenzeka nge-ADPKD. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo wezintso kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwezintso.

Kukho umngcipheko wokonzakala kwesibindi okanye ukuhlangana kweziyobisi xa uthatha i-tolvaptan. Sebenza nogqirha ogxile kwimpilo yezintso ngeziphumo ezilungileyo.

I-Tolvaptan inokusetyenziswa kuphela kubantu abadala abane:

• Inqanaba 2 okanye 3 isifo sezintso ezingapheliyo ekuqaleni konyango
• ubungqina bokuqhubeka kwesifo sezintso

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-tolvaptan (Jynarque) zibandakanya:

• ukungaboni kakuhle
• Ukuphefumla nzima okanye ukuphefumla nzima
• umlomo owomileyo okanye ulusu olomileyo
• ukuchama rhoqo
• isiqhamo esifana nesiqhamo
• ukwanda kwendlala okanye ukunxanwa
• ukwanda komchamo okanye umthamo wokuchama komchamo
• isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, okanye iintlungu zesisu
• ukubila
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• ubuthathaka okanye ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga

Igazi elonyukayo

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokuba negalelo ekuqhubekeni kwesi sifo.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila kunye namayeza anokubakho njenge-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors okanye ii-angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) ukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Usulelo

Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract (i-UTIs), njenge-bladder okanye isifo sezintso, ezinxulumene ne-ADPKD zinokunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ikhosi ende yonyango inokufuneka ukuba usulelo luyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kunosulelo olulula lwesinyi.

Intlungu

Ukunyanga ngaphezulu kwe-counter njenge-acetaminophen kunokunceda ekuthomalaliseni naziphi na iintlungu ezinxulumene:

• cysts kwizintso
• usulelo
• amatye ezintso

Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAIDs), ezifana ne-ibuprofen, zihlala zingacetyiswa ngenxa yokukwazi ukuphazamisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokusebenza kwezintso.

Amayeza okulwa nokuthimba angasetyenziselwa ukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu ezibangelwa ngumonakalo wemithambo-luvo. Oku kubandakanya i-pregabalin (Lyrica) kunye ne-gabapentin (Neurontin).

Ukuba iintlungu azinakulawulwa ngezi ndlela, ugqirha wakho unokuthathela ingqalelo ukumisela amanye amayeza eentlungu afana neeopioid. Iiopioids zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezizodwa kunye nokubanakho ukuxhomekeka, ke sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumana eyona dosi iphantsi efunekayo ukunceda ukulawula iintlungu zakho.

Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe uhlobo olutsha lwamayeza, kubandakanya ne-counter-the-counter relievers. Olunye ulungiso lweentlungu kunye namanye amayeza anokuba yingozi kwizintso zakho.

Ukutya kunye ne-hydration

Into oyityayo inokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwimpilo yakho yezintso, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuhlala kakuhle kwi-hydrated kwenza umahluko, kananjalo, kwaye kunokunceda ekudluliseni amatye ezintso kunye nokuthintela ii-UTIs.

Ukukunceda uhlakulele imikhwa yokutya ehlangabezana neemfuno zakho zempilo, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yokutya. Banokukunceda ukuba ufunde ukuba kukuphi ukutya oza kukubandakanya kwisicwangciso sakho sokutya kunye nokunciphisa okanye ukuphephe.

Umzekelo, banokukukhuthaza ukuba:

• nciphisa ityuwa, okanye isodiyam, kwisidlo sakho kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• yitya iinxalenye ezincinci zeprotheyini ekumgangatho ophezulu ukukhusela izintso zakho
• ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwakho kwamafutha agqithisiweyo kunye nalawo agcweleyo kangangoko unakho kwimpilo yentliziyo
• kuphephe ukutya kakhulu i-potassium okanye i-phosphorus
• Nciphisa utywala obuselayo

Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba usele ulwelo ngokwaneleyo ukuze uhlale hydrated kakuhle. Abaphandi ngoku bafunda ukuba i-hydration iyichaphazela njani imeko.

Utyando lokunyanga iingxaki

Ukuba uhlakulela iingxaki ze-ADPKD, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuhlinzwa njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Umzekelo, banokuyalela ukuba utyando ukuba uyaphuhlisa:

• ii-cysts kwizintso zakho okanye amanye amalungu abangela iintlungu ezinzima ezingenakulawulwa ngamayeza
• i-diverticulitis enamandla okanye ephindaphindayo, enokuchaphazela udonga lwekholoni yakho
• i-aneurysm yengqondo, enokuthi ichaphazele imithambo yegazi kwingqondo yakho

Iindidi zokhetho lotyando lwe-ADPKD zibandakanya:

• Umjelo wamanzi otyando. Ii-cysts ezichaphazelekileyo ezingaphenduliyo kunyango lwe-antibiotic zinokukhupha ulwelo ngenaliti.
• Utyando oluvulekileyo okanye olukhokelwe kwifayibha. Oku kunokukhupha iindonga zangaphandle ze-cysts ukunciphisa iintlungu.
• Ukususwa kwezintso (nephrectomy). Ukususwa kwenxalenye okanye zonke izintso kunokuba lolona khetho lugqithisileyo kwii-cysts ezingenakuncitshiswa okanye zisuswe ngezinye iindlela.
• Ukususwa ngokuyinxenye kwesibindi (hepatectomy) okanye ukufakelwa. Ukwandiswa kwesibindi okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nesibindi, ukususwa kwesibindi okanye ukufakelwa kwesibindi kunokucetyiswa.

Ugqirha lunokunceda ekunciphiseni iingxaki ezithile zale meko. Nangona kunjalo, ayizukucothisa uphuhliso ngokubanzi lwe-ADPKD.

I-Dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso

Izintso zakho zenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo ngokuhluza inkunkuma kunye namanzi agqithisileyo egazini lakho.

Ukuba uhlakulela ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, uya kufuna i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso ukuze uphile.

Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zedialysis:

• uhlalutyo
• I-peritoneal dialysis

Kwi-hemodialysis, umatshini wangaphandle usetyenziselwa ukucoca igazi lakho ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Kwi-peritoneal dialysis, indawo yakho esiswini igcwele nge-dialysate (dialyzing fluid) ukucoca igazi lakho ngaphakathi komzimba wakho.

Ukuba ufumana ukufakelwa kwezintso, ugqirha uya kugqithisa intso yomnikeli esempilweni esuka komnye umntu uye emzimbeni wakho. Kungathatha iminyaka ukufumana umdlalo wezintso onikelayo.

Unyango olongezelelekileyo

Olunye unyango olongezelelekileyo lunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho okanye amanqanaba entlungu. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokukhuthaza umgangatho wobomi obungcono nge-ADPKD.

Imisebenzi enokunceda ngoxinzelelo okanye ulawulo lweentlungu kubandakanya:

• ukuphulula
• ukutshiza
• ukucamngca
• iyoga
• tai chi

Ukuziqhelanisa nendlela yokuphila esempilweni kubalulekile ukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokukhuthaza impilo elungileyo yezintso. Umzekelo, zama uku:

• lala ngokwaneleyo
• umthambo rhoqo
• kuphephe ukutshaya

Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuzama unyango olutsha okanye ukwenza utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela ophila ngayo. Banokukunceda ufunde ukuba unyango okanye utshintsho lukhuselekile kuwe.

Ungaze uthathe amayeza esintu okanye iivithamini ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde ukuba zikhuselekile na. Uninzi lweemveliso zamayeza kunye neevithamini zongeza izintso zakho.

Ukuthatha

Nangona i-ADPKD okwangoku ingenanyango, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza, unyango, iindlela zokuphila, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, utyando lokunceda ukulawula imeko.

Yazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba uvelisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye olunye utshintsho kwimpilo yakho. Banokucebisa uhlengahlengiso kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga nezibonelelo ezinokubakho, umngcipheko, kunye neendleko zokhetho ezahlukeneyo zonyango.