Yintoni i-tumor kwi-pituitary gland, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Ngaba lukhona unyango kwi-pituitary gland?
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

Ithumba kwincindi yebhinqa, ekwabizwa ngokuba yithumba lesisu, liqukethe ukukhula kobunzima obungaqhelekanga obubonakala kwindlala yebhinqa, emi emazantsi engqondo. I-pituitary gland yi-master gland, enoxanduva lokulawula amanye amadlala emzimbeni ukuvelisa iihomoni zawo, ke xa kuvela ithumba kulo mmandla, iimpawu ezininzi zinokubakho, ezinje ngotshintsho kwidlala lengqula, ukungachumi okanye ukunyuka koxinzelelo, umzekelo .

Ngokubanzi, izilonda zepituitary zilungile kwaye ke azinakuthathwa njengomhlaza, zibizwa ngokuba yi-pituitary adenomas, kodwa ezi zinokubangela iingxaki zempilo, kuba uninzi lwazo luvelisa iihormone ezigqithisileyo, ezichaphazela umzimba uphela, kwaye ke ngoko kuvavanywa yi-neurologist kunye ne-endocrinologist kwaye waphathwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngaba lukhona unyango kwi-pituitary gland?

Izilonda zepenitary azisasazeki kuwo wonke umzimba, kuba ayisiyo i-carcinoma, kwaye ihlala ihlala ibekwe kwisali yaseTurkey, indawo encinci apho kukho idlala lesifuba, nangona kunjalo, banokukhula kwaye bacinezele kwiindawo ezingabamelwane njengeenqanawa igazi, imithambo-luvo kunye neesinusi, kodwa zihlala zilula ukunyanga kwaye zinokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo, zinamathuba amakhulu onyango.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zethumba lokungabikho komzimba zixhomekeke kubungakanani kunye nendawo ekuyo, kodwa kunokuba:

I-tumor kwi-pituitary yangaphambili (eyona rhoqo)

• Ukukhula okugqithisileyo kwamalungu okanye amathambo, abizwa ngokuba yi-acromegaly, ngenxa yokwanda kwemveliso yokukhula kwehomoni (GH);
• I-Hyperthyroidism ngenxa yokwanda kwe-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), elawula i-thyroid;
• Ukufumana ubunzima ngokukhawuleza kunye nokufumba kwamafutha, ngenxa yokunyuka kwemveliso yehomoni ye-ACTH ekhokelela kwisifo sikaCushing;
• Ukuncipha kwemveliso yamaqanda okanye isidoda, enokubangela ukungachumi, ngenxa yotshintsho kwimveliso yehomoni ye-luteinizing (LH) kunye ne-follicle evuselela i-hormone (FSH);
• Ukuveliswa kolwelo olumhlophe yingono, kwimeko yesifo esivelisa iprolactin, esikhokelela kwiprolactin ephezulu kunye nokufihla ubisi ngamabele amabhinqa angancancisi, abizwa ngokuba yigalactorrhea. Iziphumo zalo emadodeni ziyafana kwaye olu phawu kukuchongwa kolu hlobo lwethumba, elaziwa njengeprolactinoma.

Ukudumba kwindawo yangasemva yebhinqa (kunqabile)

• Umnqweno rhoqo wokuchama kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo ngenxa yobukho be-Diabetes insipidus, ebangelwa kukonyuka kwe-antidiuretic hormone (ADH);
• Iintsika zesibeleko, ngenxa yokunyuka kwe-oxytocin, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kwesibeleko.

Ukongeza, ezinye iimpawu zinokubonakala, ezinje ngokuqaqanjelwa yintloko rhoqo kunye nobunzima, iingxaki zombono, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, ngakumbi ukuba ithumba lifaka uxinzelelo kwamanye amalungu engqondo.

Iimpawu zeMacroadenoma

Xa i-pituitary tumor ingaphezulu kwe-1 cm ububanzi ithathwa njenge-macroadenoma, apho inokuthi icinezele kwezinye iindawo zobuchopho, ezinjenge-optic nerve okanye i-chiasma, ebangela iimpawu ezinje:

• IStrabismus, kulapho amehlo engalungelelaniswanga kakuhle;
• Ukuphazamiseka okanye umbono ophindwe kabini;
• Ukuhla kwe-engile yokujonga, kunye nelahleko yombono wecala;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ubuhlungu okanye uvakalelo lokuba ndindisholo ebusweni;
• Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla.

Fumanisa ukuba zeziphi ezinye iimpawu zethumba lobuchopho: Iimpawu zethumba lobuchopho.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwesisu kwi-pituitary gland kwenziwa ngokusekwe kwiimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngulo mntu kunye novavanyo lwegazi, kunye novavanyo lokucinga ngemifanekiso njengokujonga ngemagneti, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha unokucela i-biopsy, kodwa akusoloko kunjalo Isidingo sokwenza le yokugqibela.

Ii-adenomas ezincinci zepituitary ezingivelisi iihormoni ezigqithileyo kwaye ezifunyanwa ngengozi, xa zisenza iMRI okanye ikhompyuter yokuskena itomography, zisenokungafuneki kunyango oluthile, ezifuna kuphela iimvavanyo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 okanye unyaka omnye, ukubona ukuba ngaba kukho ukwanda kwesayizi , Ukucinezela ezinye iindawo zobuchopho.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Izizathu zethumba kwi-pituitary gland zibangelwa yimfuza umntu anayo, ngenxa yotshintsho kwi-DNA yakhe, kwaye olu hlobo lwethumba aluhlali rhoqo kusapho olunye, kwaye aluzange lube lilifa.

Azikho izizathu ezaziwayo zokusingqongileyo okanye ezinye izinto ezinxulumene nokukhula kolu hlobo lwethumba, nokuba lilungile okanye libi, kwaye akukho nto umntu anokuyenza ukuba angabinalo eli thumba.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lunokulinyanga ngokupheleleyo i-pituitary tumor, kufuneka ikhokelwe yi-neurosurgeon kwaye ihlala iqala ngotyando lokususa ithumba ngeempumlo okanye ukusikwa kukakayi, elinethuba lokuphumelela elingama-80%. Xa ithumba likhulu kakhulu kwaye lichaphazela eminye imimandla yobuchopho, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokonzakala kwezihlunu zobuchopho, eyinkqubo eyingozi ngakumbi. Iingxaki ngexesha okanye emva kotyando, njengokuphuma kwegazi, ukosuleleka okanye ukusabela kwi-anesthesia kunqabile, kodwa kunokwenzeka.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ithumba kwilungu le-pituitary alikho likhulu kakhulu, i-radiotherapy okanye amayeza e-hormonal, anjengeParlodel okanye iSandostatin, anokusetyenziselwa ukunqanda okanye ukuphinda akhule kwakhona. Xa ithumba likhulu, ugqirha unokukhetha ukuqala unyango ngeradiotherapy okanye amayeza ukunciphisa ubungakanani besisu, emva koko asuse ngotyando.

Ukubeka iliso kwimeko kungenziwa yi-neurologist okanye i-endocrinologist kunye neemvavanyo ekufuneka zenziwe rhoqo ukujonga impilo yomntu ngokubanzi.