Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuGonya okuKhuselayo kwabaNtu abaDala

Umxholo

• Ngaba abantu abadala bayayidinga iyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela?
• Ngaba kufuneka ufumane iyeza lokuthintela ukukhwehlela xa ukhulelwe?
• Loluphi ucwangciso olucetyiswayo lwesitofu sokukhwehlela sokukhwehlela?
• Yintoni ukusebenza kweyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela?
• Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kwisitofu sokugonya sokukhohlela?
• Ixabisa malini iyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela?
• Zithini iindlela zokuthintela ukukhwehlela, ngaphandle kokugonya?
• Ukuthatha

Ukukhwehlela sisifo sokuphefumla esosulelayo. Ingabangela ukukhwehlela okungalawulekiyo, ukuphefumla nzima, kunye nobungozi obusongela ubomi.

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela ukukhwehlela kukugonywa ngokuchasene nayo.

Iindidi ezimbini zokugonya ukukhwehlela kokukhohlela ziyafumaneka e-United States: isitofu sokugonya i-Tdap kunye nesitofu sokugonya se-DTaP. Isitofu sokugonya i-Tdap siyacetyiswa kubantwana abadala nakubantu abadala, ngelixa isitofu sokugonya se-DTaP sinconyelwa abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-7 ubudala.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nogonyo lweTdap kubantu abadala.

Ngaba abantu abadala bayayidinga iyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela?

Usulelo lwesifo sokukhwehlela luchaphazela iintsana rhoqo kwaye zibukhali kakhulu kunabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala banokusifumana esi sifo.

Ukufumana iyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela kuya kunciphisa amathuba akho okufumana esi sifo. Kananjalo, oku kuya kunceda ukunqanda ukuba ungadluliseli esi sifo kwiintsana nakwabanye abantu abakungqongileyo.

Isitofu sokugonya i-Tdap sinciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana isifo se-diphtheria kunye ne-tetanus.

Nangona kunjalo, iimpembelelo zokuthintela isitofu ziyaguga ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Kungenxa yoko le nto abantu bekhuthaza ukuba bafumane isitofu sokuphindaphinda amaxesha ebomini babo, kubandakanya ubuncinci kube kanye kwiminyaka eli-10 ebudaleni.

Ngaba kufuneka ufumane iyeza lokuthintela ukukhwehlela xa ukhulelwe?

Ukuba ukhulelwe, ukufumana iyeza lokukhwehlela liza kukukhusela kunye nosana lwakho olungekazalwa kwesi sifo.

Nangona abantwana banokugonywa ngokuchasene nokukhohlela, bafumana isitofu sokuqala sokugonya xa beneenyanga ezi-2 ubudala. Oko kubashiya besengozini yosulelo kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi.

Ukukhwehlela kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kwiintsana, kwaye kwezinye iimeko kuyabulala.

Ukunceda ukukhusela abantwana abancinci kwisikhohlela, bacebisa abantu abadala abakhulelweyo ukuba bafumane iyeza lokugonya le-Tdap kwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa.

Isitofu sokugonya siza kwenza ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise izilwa-buhlungu ezikhuselayo ukunceda ukulwa nokukhohlela. Ukuba ukhulelwe, umzimba wakho uya kugqithisela la malungu omzimba kwisibeleko sakho. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhusela umntwana, emva kokuba ezelwe.

Izifundo zifumanise ukuba iyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela likhuselekile kubantu abakhulelweyo nakwimveku engekazalwa, ngokuka. Isitofu sokugonya asiphakamisi mngcipheko weengxaki zokukhulelwa.

Loluphi ucwangciso olucetyiswayo lwesitofu sokukhwehlela sokukhwehlela?

Kucetyiswa le shedyuli ilandelayo yokugonya ukukhwehlela:

• Iintsana nabantwana: Fumana ifoto ye-DTaP kwiminyaka eyi-2, iinyanga ezi-4, iinyanga ezi-6, iinyanga ezili-15 ukuya kwezi-18, kunye neminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwezi-6.
• Abafikisayo: Fumana ifoto yeTdap phakathi kweminyaka eli-11 ukuya kweli-12.
• Abantu abadala: Fumana ifoto yeTdap kube kanye kwiminyaka eli-10.

Ukuba awuzange ufumane isitofu sokugonya se-DTaP okanye seTdap, musa ukulinda iminyaka eli-10 ukuyifumana. Ungalifumana iyeza lokugonya nanini na, nokuba kutshanje ugonyelwe isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi kunye nediptheria.

Iyeza lokugonya i-Tdap liyacetyiswa nakwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa.

Yintoni ukusebenza kweyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela?

Ngokwe, iyeza lokugonya le-Tdap libonelela ngokhuseleko olupheleleyo ngokuchasene nokukhohlela ngokukhoyo malunga:

• Abantu abasi-7 kwabali-10, kunyaka wokuqala emva kokuba befumene isitofu sokugonya
• Abantu aba-3 ukuya kwabayi-4 kwabali-10, kwiminyaka emi-4 emva kokuba befumene isitofu sokugonya

Xa umntu okhulelweyo efumana iyeza kwisithuba sekota yesithathu yokukhulelwa, ikhusela umntwana wakhe ekukhohleleni kwiinyanga ezi-2 zokuqala zobomi kumacala amathathu kwayi-4.

Ukuba umntu wenza ikhontrakthi emva kokugonywa, isitofu sokugonya sinokunceda ukunciphisa ubuzaza bosulelo.

Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kwisitofu sokugonya sokukhohlela?

Isitofu sokugonya seTdap sikhuseleke kakhulu kwiintsana, kubantwana abadala nakubantu abadala.

Xa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zenzeka, zihlala zithambile kwaye zisombulule kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa.

Iziphumo ezinokubakho zibandakanya:

• ububomvu, ukuthamba, iintlungu, kunye nokudumba kwindawo yenaliti
• iintlungu zomzimba
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukudinwa
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• urhudo
• umkhuhlane omncinci
• Ukugodola
• irhashalala

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, isitofu sokugonya sinokubangela uguquko olunamandla okanye ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu.

Ukuba unembali yempendulo ebukhali, ukuxhuzula, okanye ezinye iingxaki zenkqubo yeemvakalelo, makwazeke ugqirha wakho. Banokukunceda ufunde ukuba kukhuselekile na kuwe ukufumana isitofu sokugonya seTdap.

Ixabisa malini iyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela?

E-United States, iindleko zokugonya i-Tdap zixhomekeke ekubeni unayo i-inshurensi yezempilo. Amaziko ezempilo axhaswe ngurhulumente nawo abonelela ngogonyo, ngamanye amaxesha ngentlawulo yesikali sokuhambisa ngokusekwe kumvuzo wakho. Amasebe ezempilo kaRhulumente nawasekuhlaleni anokuhlala enika ulwazi ngendlela yokufumana ugonyo simahla okanye lwexabiso eliphantsi.

Uninzi lwezicwangciso zeinshurensi yezempilo yabucala zibonelela ngezigqibo ezithile okanye zonke iindleko zokugonya. Icandelo leMedicare D likwabonelela ngogonyo. Nangona kunjalo, unokujamelana neentlawulo ezithile kuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso esithile onaso.

Ukuba unayo i-inshurensi yezempilo, nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho weinshurensi ukuze ufunde ukuba isicwangciso sakho seinshurensi sihlawula iindleko zokugonya. Ukuba awunayo i-inshurensi, thetha nogqirha wakho, usokhemesti, okanye amasebe ezempilo aseburhulumenteni okanye asekuhlaleni ukuze wazi ukuba iyeza liya kuxabisa malini.

Zithini iindlela zokuthintela ukukhwehlela, ngaphandle kokugonya?

Ichiza lokuthintela ukukhwehlela likhuselekile kwaye liyacetyiswa kubantu abadala abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abaneemeko ezithile zonyango abanako ukufumana isitofu sokugonya.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uyakucebisa ukuba ungafumani sitofu sokugonya, nanga amanye amanyathelo onokuwathatha ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo:

• Ziqhelise ukucoceka kwezandla, ngokuhlamba izandla rhoqo ngesepha namanzi kangangemizuzwana engama-20 ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Kuphephe ukunxibelelana nabantu ababonisa iimpawu zokukhwehlela.
• Khuthaza amanye amalungu osapho lwakho ukuba afumane iyeza lokuthintela ukukhohlela.

Ukuba umntu othile kwikhaya lakho ufumene ukuba unesifo sokukhohlela, mxelele ugqirha wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokukukhuthaza ukuba uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa amathuba akho okufumana usulelo.

Abantu abafumene isitofu sokugonya banokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zokuthintela ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa amathuba abo okuba khohlo.

Ukuthatha

Ukufumana isitofu sokugonya i-Tdap kuya kunciphisa amathuba akho okufumana isikhohlela-kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokudlulisela usulelo kwabanye. Oku kunokunceda ukukhusela ukuqhuma kwesikhohlela kwindawo yakho.

Isitofu sokugonya i-Tdap sikhuselekile kuninzi lwabantu abadala kwaye sibeka umngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ufunde ukuba ungalifumana nini kwaye nini.