Amagama ali-10 ekufuneka uwazi: Umhlaza wemiphunga wesisu ongekho mncinci

Umxholo

• Inkqubo yokufa-ligand 1 (PD-L1)
• I-receptor ye-Epidermal factor factor (EGFR)
• T790M utshintsho
• Unyango lweTyrosinse-kinase inhibitor (TKI)
• Utshintsho lweKRAS
• Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) utshintsho
• Adenocarcinoma
• Iseli ye-squamous (epidermoid) carcinoma
• Iseli enkulu (engachazwanga) i-carcinoma
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy

Ushwankathelo

Ingaba wena okanye othandekayo uye wafumanisa ukuba, umhlaza wesifo somhlaza ongasincinci (NSCLC) kunye nemigqaliselo emininzi enxulumene nayo ingaba nzima kakhulu. Ukuzama ukuqhubeka nawo onke amagama ugqirha akuxelela kunokuba nzima, ngakumbi ukongeza kwimpembelelo yomhlaza.

Nanga amagama ali-10 onokwazi malunga ne-NSCLC onokuthi uhlangane nayo njengoko usenza uvavanyo lwakho kunye nonyango.

Inkqubo yokufa-ligand 1 (PD-L1)

Uvavanyo lwe-PD-L1 lunyanzelisa ukusebenza ngokukuko kweendlela ezithile ekujolise kuzo (ezijolise kumajoni omzimba) kwabo bane-NSCLC. Oku kunceda oogqirha bancome ezona ndlela zonyango zilungileyo zodidi lwesibini.

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I-receptor ye-Epidermal factor factor (EGFR)

I-EGFR luhlobo olubandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweseli kunye nokwahlulahlula. Ukutshintsha kwesi sifo kunxulunyaniswa nomhlaza wemiphunga. Ukufikelela kwisiqingatha sazo zonke iimeko zomhlaza wemiphunga zinokutshintsha kwemfuza okukhoyo ngoku.

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T790M utshintsho

I-T790M lutshintsho lwe-EGFR olubonwe malunga nesiqingatha sazo zonke iimeko ze-NSCLC ezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza. Ukutshintsha kuthetha ukuba kukho utshintsho kwii-amino acid, kwaye ichaphazela indlela umntu aza kuyiphendula ngayo kunyango.

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Unyango lweTyrosinse-kinase inhibitor (TKI)

Unyango lwe-TKI luhlobo lonyango ekujoliswe kulo lwe-NSCLC ethintela umsebenzi we-EGFR, onokugcina iiseli zomhlaza zingakhuli.

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Utshintsho lweKRAS

Uhlobo lwe-KRAS lunceda ukulawula ukwahlulwa kweseli. Inxalenye yeqela lemfuza elibizwa ngokuba yi-oncogenes. Kwimeko yenguqu, inokuguqula iiseli ezisempilweni zibe ngumhlaza. Iinguqu ze-KRAS zemfuza zibonwa malunga neepesenti ezili-15 ukuya kuma-25 zecala lomhlaza wemiphunga.

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Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) utshintsho

Utshintsho lwe-ALK kukucwangciswa kwakhona kohlobo lwe-ALK. Olu tshintsho lwenzeka malunga neepesenti ezintlanu zamatyala e-NSCLC, ubukhulu becala kulawo ane-adenocarcinoma subtype ye-NSCLC. Utshintsho lubangela ukuba iiseli zomhlaza wemiphunga zikhule kwaye zisasazeke.

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Adenocarcinoma

I-Adenocarcinoma luhlobo oluthile lwe-NSCLC. Ihlala ikhula kancinci kunezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga, kodwa oku kuyahluka. Luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wemiphunga obonwa ngabantu abangatshayiyo.

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Iseli ye-squamous (epidermoid) carcinoma

I-squamous cell carcinoma luhlobo oluthile lwe-NSCLC. Abantu abaninzi abanolu hlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga banembali yokutshaya. Umhlaza uqala kwiiseli ezi-squamous, eziziiseli ezibekwe ngaphakathi kwimiphunga yomoya.

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Iseli enkulu (engachazwanga) i-carcinoma

I-cell carcinoma enkulu luhlobo oluthile lwe-NSCLC olunokubonakala nakweyiphi na indawo yemiphunga. Kudla ngokuba nzima ukunyanga kuba iyakhula kwaye isasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Ibalelwa malunga neepesenti ezili-10 ukuya kwi-15 zepesenti zomhlaza wemiphunga.

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Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy yonyango olutsha lomhlaza olusebenzisa amajoni omzimba omntu ukunceda umzimba uhlasele iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ezinye iindlela ze-NSCLC, ngakumbi kubantu abanomhlaza obuyileyo emva kwekhemotherapy okanye olunye unyango.

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