, umjikelo wobomi kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Njani na isifo
• Umnqa wobomi IWuchereria bancrofti
• Indlela yokuthintela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

THE IWuchereria bancrofti, okanye W. bancrofti, sisidleleli esinoxanduva lwe-lymphatic filariasis, eyaziwa njenge-elephantiasis, esisifo esixhaphake kakhulu kwimimandla eshushu nenemozulu efumileyo, ikakhulu eMantla nakuMntla mpuma weBrazil.

Esi sifunxi-gazi sidluliselwa ngokulunywa yingcongconi yolu didi UCulex sp. Usulelekile, ekhupha izibungu ezosulelayo egazini lomntu njengoko besiya kwimithambo yegazi, okukhokelela kwimpendulo yokuvuvukala kunye neempawu ze-lymphatic filariasis, ezinjengokudumba komlenze, ingalo, okanye omnye ummandla womzimba apho sisidleleli sikhona. okwangoku, umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu yomhlunu, umzekelo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Abanye abantu banokosulelwa ngu W. bancrofti kwaye ayibonisi zimpawu zosulelo, kuba kwezi meko iimpethu zabantu abadala zingafa kwaye zipheliswe, ngaphandle kokuvela kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu zosulelo, ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ifiva;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukwanda kwiindawo nkovu, xa sisidleleli ifikelela chain lymphatic;
• Ukudumba kweziphelo, ezaziwa njenge-elephantiasis, ezinokuchaphazela imilenze, ikakhulu amasende okanye amabele;
• Ukubakho kokubala kunye namathumba ngenxa yokusweleka kweentsholongwane zabantu abadala;
• Ukwanda kwenani leeosinophil egazini, eyaziwa njenge-eosinophilia, eyenzeka njengesiphumo sobukho besidleleli emzimbeni.

Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukuba abanye abantu bahlakulele usulelo lwesibini ziibhaktheriya zohlobo IStreptococcus sp., ukusukela ukusuleleka ngu W. bancrofti ishiya amajoni omzimba esengozini. Jonga ezinye iimpawu zosuleleko ngu IWuchereria bancrofti.

Njani na isifo

Ukuchongwa kosulelo ngu IWuchereria bancrofti kwenziwa ngeemvavanyo zaselebhu, kuba ukufunyaniswa kweempawu, kwiimeko ezininzi, kunzima, kuba isifo sinokuthi singabonakali okanye sibe neempawu ezifana nezinye izifo.

Ukuxilongwa kwelabhoratri kwenziwa ngophando lwe-microfilariae kwigazi elisecaleni, kubalulekile ukuba ukuqokelelwa kwegazi kwenziwe ebusuku, kuba kusebusuku apho i-parasite ifumaneka kuxinzelelo oluphezulu egazini, ivumela ukuxilongwa.

Emva kokuqokelelwa, igazi lithunyelwa elabhoratri ukuze lihlalutywe ngokudropha okutyebileyo, yindlela evumela ukubonwa kunye nokubalwa kwe-microfilariae phakathi kweeseli zegazi. Ukongeza, ezinye iindlela zokuchonga zinokwenziwa, ezinje nge-PCR kunye novavanyo lwe-immunological ukuchonga iiantigens okanye ii-antibodies ezichasene ne-parasite.

Umnqa wobomi IWuchereria bancrofti

I-Wuchereria bancrofti ineefom ezimbini zokuzivelela kwezinto, i-microfilaria kunye ne-worm yabantu abadala. I-microfilaria ihambelana nohlobo lolutsha lwe-parasite kwaye luhlobo olufumaneka kwigazi kunye ne-lymph node, ngelixa ifomathi yabantu abadala ye-parasite ikho kwimithambo ye-lymphatic kwaye ivelisa ngakumbi i-microfilariae, ekhutshelwa egazini.

THE IWuchereria bancrofti inemijikelo yobomi emibini, enye kwingcongconi kwaye enye ebantwini. Ingcongconi Culex quinquefasciatus, xa iluma umntu osulelekileyo, ikhuthaza i-microfilariae, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-L1, ethi ikhule kangangesithuba seentsuku ezili-14 ukuya kwezingama-21 emathunjini engcongconi kude kube kwinqanaba le-L3 lize lifudukele emlonyeni.

Xa uluma omnye umntu, ingcongconi ihambisa isibungu se-L3, esiya kwimithambo ye-lymphatic kwaye sikhule de kube kwinqanaba le-L5, elihambelana nenqanaba lokuvuthwa kwabantu abadala kunye nokwabelana ngesondo. Umbungu we-L5, emva kwexesha lokufukama, uqala ukukhupha ii-microfilariae ezijikeleza egazini.

Indlela yokuthintela

Uthintelo losulelo ngu IWuchereria bancrofti kungamanyathelo okuthintela ukuzala kunye nokulunywa yingcongconi enoxanduva lokuhambisa isifo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe imisipha, ukusebenzisa izinto ezigxothayo kunye nokuphepha ukuma kwamanzi, umzekelo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukutyala imali kumanyathelo ezempilo okusingqongileyo, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukunqanda iingcongconi.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe W. bancrofti Kuya kufuneka kwenziwe ngokokukhokelwa ngugqirha, kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe i-Diethylcarbamazine kangangeentsuku ezili-12. Esi sixhobo yeyona ilungileyo ekulweni esi sifunxi-gazi, njengoko sisebenza kwimbungu yabantu abadala nakwimicrofilariae.

Ngamanye amaxesha kunokucetyiswa ukusetyenziswa kwe-Ivermectin, nangona kunjalo, esi sixhobo asisebenzi kwiintshulube zabantu abadala, kuphela kwi-microfilariae.