Into kaRaynaud

Imeko kaRaynaud yimeko apho amaqondo obushushu abandayo okanye iimvakalelo ezinamandla zibangela ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi kwiminwe, iinzwane, iindlebe, kunye nempumlo.

Isenzeko sikaRaynaud kuthiwa "sisiseko" xa singadibananga nesinye isifo. Ihlala iqala kwabasetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30. Isekondari iRaynaud phenomenon inxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko kwaye ihlala ivela kubantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zento yesibini kaRaynaud yile:

• Izifo zemithambo (njenge-atherosclerosis kunye nesifo se-Buerger)
• Iziyobisi ezibangela ukuncipha kwemithambo (njengee-amphetamines, iintlobo ezithile ze-beta-blockers, ezinye iziyobisi zomhlaza, iziyobisi ezithile ezisetyenziselwa iintloko zentloko)
• Isifo seArthritis kunye neemeko zokuzimela (njenge-scleroderma, i-Sjögren syndrome, i-rheumatoid arthritis, kunye ne-systemic lupus erythematosus)
• Ezinye iingxaki zegazi, ezinje ngesifo esibandayo se-agglutinin okanye i-cryoglobulinemia
  
• Ukuphinda ukwenzakala okanye ukusetyenziswa njengokusebenzisa kakhulu izixhobo zesandla okanye oomatshini abashukumisayo
• Ukutshaya
• Umqwebedu
• Isifo seToracic outlet syndrome

Ukubonakaliswa kwimvakalelo ebandayo okanye eyomeleleyo kuzisa utshintsho.

• Okokuqala, iminwe, iinzwane, iindlebe, okanye impumlo iba mhlophe, ize ijike ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iminwe ichaphazeleka kakhulu, kodwa iinzwane, iindlebe okanye iimpumlo zinokutshintsha umbala.
• Xa ukubuya kwegazi kubuya, indawo iba bomvu kwaye kamva ibuyele kumbala oqhelekileyo.
• Uhlaselo lunokuhlala ukusuka kwimizuzu ukuya kwiiyure.

Abantu abanengxaki yokuqala kaRaynaud baneengxaki kwiminwe efanayo kumacala omabini. Uninzi lwabantu alunazo iintlungu. Ulusu lweengalo okanye imilenze luvela amabala aluhlaza. Oku kuhamba xa ulusu lufudunyezwa.

Abantu abanesekondari yeRaynaud phenomenon kunokwenzeka ukuba babe neentlungu okanye ukubetha eminwe. Izilonda eziqaqambayo zingenzeka kwiminwe echaphazelekayo ukuba ngaba uhlaselo lubi kakhulu.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uhlala efumanisa imeko ebangela imeko kaRaynaud ngokukubuza imibuzo kwaye wenze uvavanyo lomzimba.

Iimvavanyo ezinokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwemithambo yegazi ezandleni zakho usebenzisa ilensi ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-nailfold capillary microscopy
• I-Vascular ultrasound
• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga iimeko ze-arthritic kunye ne-autoimmune ezinokubangela imeko kaRaynaud

Ukuthatha la manyathelo kunokunceda ukulawula imeko kaRaynaud:

• Gcina umzimba ufudumele. Gwema ukubonakaliswa kubanda nangaluphi na uhlobo. Nxiba iimitha okanye iiglavu ngaphandle naxa uphethe umkhenkce okanye ukutya okubandayo. Kunqande ukubanda, okungenzeka emva kwawo nawuphi na umdlalo wokuzonwabisa.
• Yeka ukutshaya. Ukutshaya kubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe nangakumbi.
• Gwema i-caffeine.
• Kulumkele ukuthatha amayeza abangela ukuba imithambo yegazi iqine okanye i-spasm.
• Nxiba izihlangu ezikhululekileyo, ezivulekileyo neekawusi. Xa ungaphandle, soloko unxiba izihlangu.

Umboneleli wakho unokumisela amayeza ukuze anciphise iindonga zemithambo yegazi. Oku kubandakanya i-cream ye-nitroglycerin cream oyithambisayo kulusu lwakho, i-calcium channel blockers, i-sildenafil (Viagra), kunye ne-ACE inhibitors.

I-aspirin yedosi ephantsi ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunqanda amahlwili egazi.

Kwisifo esibi (njengaxa kuqala ukuvela kwesilonda emnweni okanye kwiinzwane), amayeza afakwa ngaphakathi angasetyenziswa. Utyando lunokwenziwa ukusika imithambo-luvo ebangela ukuqaqamba kwemithambo yegazi. Abantu badla ngokulaliswa esibhedlele xa imeko imbi ngolu hlobo.

Kubalulekile ukunyanga imeko ebangela imeko kaRaynaud.

Iziphumo ziyahluka. Kuxhomekeka kwisizathu sengxaki kwaye kubi kangakanani.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• I-Gangrene okanye izilonda zesikhumba zinokwenzeka ukuba umthambo uvaleke ngokupheleleyo. Le ngxaki inokwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abane-arthritis okanye iimeko ezizimeleyo.
• Iminwe isenokubhitya kwaye icofwe ulusu olukhazimlayo olukhazimlayo kunye neenzipho ezikhula kancinci.Oku kungenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi ukuya kwiindawo.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unembali yesenzeko sikaRaynaud kwaye ilungu lomzimba elichaphazelekayo (isandla, unyawo, okanye elinye ilungu) liyosuleleka okanye libe nesifo.
• Iminwe yakho iyatshintsha umbala, ngakumbi umhlophe okanye luhlaza, xa kubanda.
• Iminwe yakho okanye iinzwane ziba mnyama okanye ulusu lonakele.
• Unesifo esikhumbeni seenyawo zakho okanye sezandla ezinganyangekiyo.
• Unomkhuhlane, ukudumba okanye ukuqaqanjelwa ngamalungu, okanye irhashalala.

Into kaRaynaud; Isifo sikaRaynaud

• Into kaRaynaud
• Inkqubo ye lupus erythematosus
• Inkqubo yokujikeleza

IGiglia JS. Into kaRaynaud. Ku: UCameron JL, uCameron AM, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lonyango. Umhla we-12. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: 1047-1052.

Umhlaba GJ. Into kaRaynaud. Ku: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, ii-eds. Utshintsho lukaRutherford lweeVascular and Therapy ze-Endovascular Therapy. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 141.

Ukuhlaziya uM, uGiai J, uGaget O, et al. Ukufunwa kweSildenafil njengonyango lweRaynaud Phenomenon: uthotho lwezilingo ze-n-1. UAnn Intern Med. 2018; 169 (10): 694-703. IINKCUKACHA: 30383134 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30383134.

Umtya T, Femia AN. Into kaRaynaud: iikhonsepthi zangoku. KwiKlinikhi yaseDermatol. 2018; 36 (4): 498-507. IINKCUKACHA: 30047433 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30047433.