Iingozi ezi-5 zokumisa unyango lwe-Myeloma

Umxholo

• 1. Inokubufutshane ubomi bakho
• 2. Umhlaza wakho ungazimela ngaphandle
• 3. Usenokungahoyi ukhetho olulungileyo
• 4. Unokuba neempawu ezingathandekiyo
• 5. Amathuba akho okusinda aphucuke kakhulu
• Yise kude

I-myeloma eninzi ibangela ukuba umzimba wakho wenze iiseli zeeplasma ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga kumongo wethambo lakho. Iiseli ze-plasma ezisempilweni zilwa nosulelo. Kwii-myeloma ezininzi, ezi seli zingaqhelekanga zivelisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye zenze amathumba abizwa ngokuba yi-plasmacytomas.

Injongo yonyango oluninzi lwe-myeloma kukubulala iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ukuze iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni zibe negumbi elingakumbi lokukhula kumongo wethambo. Unyango oluninzi lwe-myeloma lunokubandakanya:

• imitha
• utyando
• ichemotherapy
• unyango ekujoliswe kulo
• Ukufakelwa kweseli

Unyango lokuqala oza kulifumana lubizwa ngokuba lonyango lokungenisa. Yenzelwe ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Emva kwexesha, uya kufumana unyango lwesondlo ukunqanda umhlaza ukuba ungakhuli kwakhona.

Zonke ezi ndlela zonyango zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. I-Chemotherapy inokubangela ukulahleka kweenwele, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha. Imitha ingakhokelela kulusu olubomvu, olunamadyungudyungu. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lunokwehlisa inani leeseli ezimhlophe emzimbeni, kubangele ukwanda kosulelo.

Ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunyango lwakho okanye awucingi ukuba ziyasebenza, sukuyeka nje ukuzithatha. Ukuyeka unyango kwangoko kungabeka umngcipheko wokwenene. Nazi iingozi ezintlanu zokumisa unyango lwe-myeloma.

1. Inokubufutshane ubomi bakho

Ukunyanga i-myeloma emininzi kufuna unyango oluninzi. Emva kwesigaba sokuqala sonyango, uninzi lwabantu luya kuhamba kunyango lwesondlo, olunokuhlala iminyaka.

Ukuhlala kunyango ixesha elide kuneengxaki zalo. Oku kubandakanya iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, iimvavanyo eziphindaphindwayo, kunye nokugcina inkqubo yesiqhelo yamayeza. Isiphelo esichazayo kukuba ukuhlala kunyango kunokukunceda uphile ixesha elide.

2. Umhlaza wakho ungazimela ngaphandle

Nokuba uziva ulungile, unokuba neeseli zomhlaza ezimbalwa ezilahlekileyo ezishiyekileyo emzimbeni wakho. Abantu abaneseli esingaphantsi kwesinye se-myeloma kwisinye sezigidi zeeseli kumongo wabo wethambo kuthiwa banesifo esincinci esisele (MRD).

Ngelixa esinye kwisigidi sisenokungavakali sothusa, nokuba iseli enye inokuphindaphindeka kwaye yenze ezinye ezininzi ukuba inikwe ixesha elaneleyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya i-MRD ngokuthatha isampulu yegazi okanye ulwelo kumongo wethambo kunye nokulinganisa inani leeseli ezininzi ze-myeloma kuyo.

Ukubalwa rhoqo kweeseli ezininzi ze-myeloma kunokunika ugqirha wakho umbono wokuba uxolelo lwakho lungahlala ixesha elingakanani, kwaye ungaphinda ubuye nini. Ukuvavanywa rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu okanye njalo kuya kunceda ukubamba naziphi na iiseli ezinomhlaza kwaye uzinyange ngaphambi kokuba zande.

3. Usenokungahoyi ukhetho olulungileyo

Kukho iindlela ezingaphezulu kweyodwa zokunyanga i-myeloma ezininzi, kwaye ngaphezu kwesinye ugqirha uyafumaneka ukukukhokela ngonyango. Ukuba awonwabanga liqela lakho lonyango okanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, khangela umbono wesibini okanye ubuze malunga nokuzama elinye ichiza.

Nokuba umhlaza wakho ubuya emva konyango lwakho lokuqala, kunokwenzeka ukuba olunye unyango luyakunceda ukunciphisa okanye ukucothisa umhlaza wakho. Ngokuyeka unyango, ugqithisa ithuba lokufumana ichiza okanye indlela eya kuthi ekugqibeleni iwubeke umhlaza wakho ekuphumleni.

4. Unokuba neempawu ezingathandekiyo

Xa umhlaza ukhula, utyhala kwamanye amalungu nakwizihlunu emzimbeni wakho. Olu hlaselo lunokubangela iimpawu ezibanzi zomzimba.

I-myeloma emininzi iyonakalisa nomongo wethambo, eyindawo yesiponji ngaphakathi kwamathambo apho iiseli zegazi zenziwe khona. Njengoko umhlaza ukhula ngaphakathi komongo wethambo, unokuwenza buthathaka amathambo ukuya kwinqanaba apho aphuka khona. Ukuqhekeka kunokuba buhlungu kakhulu.

I-myeloma engalawulwayo inokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinje:

• Umngcipheko wokonyuka kosulelo olusuka kwinani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi
• ukuphefumla kancinci kwi-anemia
• ukugruzuka okumandla okanye ukopha kwiiplatelet ezisezantsi
• ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo, ukuqhina, kunye nokuchama rhoqo kumanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini
• ubuthathaka kunye nokuba ndindisholo kumonakalo wemithambo-luvo obangelwe kukuwa kwamathambo emqolo

Ngokunciphisa umhlaza, uya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba neempawu. Nokuba unyango lwakho alusathinteli okanye lumisa umhlaza wakho, lunokunceda ukulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye uhlale ukhululekile. Unyango olujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu lubizwa ngokuba yinkathalo.

5. Amathuba akho okusinda aphucuke kakhulu

Iyaqondakala into yokuba udinwe lunyango lwakho okanye ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa ukuba unako ukuxhoma apho, amathuba akho okusinda kwi-myeloma eninzi angcono kunangaphambili.

Emuva kwiminyaka yee-1990, iminyaka emihlanu yokuphila komntu ofunyenwe ene-myeloma eninzi yayingama-30 ekhulwini. Namhlanje, ingaphezulu kwama-50 epesenti. Kubantu abachongiwe kwangethuba, ingaphezulu kwama-70 eepesenti.

Yise kude

Ukunyanga umhlaza akunakuze kube lula. Kuya kufuneka uhambe ngotyelelo oluninzi logqirha, kuvavanyo, kunye nonyango. Oku kunokuhlala iminyaka. Kodwa ukuba unamathela kunyango lwakho lwexesha elide, amathuba akho okulawula okanye nokubetha umhlaza wakho angcono kunangaphambili.

Ukuba unengxaki yokuhlala nenkqubo yakho yonyango, thetha nogqirha wakho kunye namanye amalungu eqela lakho lonyango. Kunokubakho amayeza okunceda ukulawula iziphumo zakho ebezingalindelekanga okanye amayeza onokuthi uzame ukuba kube lula kuwe ukuba ubanyamezele.