I-renal pelvis okanye umhlaza we-ureter

Umhlaza wesinqe se-renal okanye i-ureter ngumhlaza owenzeka kwi-pelvis yezintso okanye ityhubhu (ureter) ethwala umchamo ukusuka kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi.

Umhlaza ungakhula kwinkqubo yokuqokelela umchamo, kodwa ayiqhelekanga. I-renal pelvis kunye nomhlaza we-ureter zichaphazela amadoda rhoqo kunabafazi. Le mihlaza ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kunama-65.

Oonobangela ngqo balo mhlaza abaziwa. Ixesha elide (elingapheliyo) ukucaphuka kwezintso kwizinto ezinobungozi ezisuswe kumchamo kunokuba yinto. Oku kungabangelwa ngu:

• Ukonakala kwezintso kumayeza, ngakumbi ezo zentlungu (i-analgesic nephropathy)
• Ukubonakaliswa kwidayi ezithile kunye neekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla zesikhumba, amalaphu, iiplastiki kunye nerabha
• Ukutshaya

Abantu abanomhlaza wesinyi basengozini.

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlala buhleli
• Igazi kumchamo
• Ukutsha, iintlungu, okanye ukungathandeki xa uchama
• Ukudinwa
• Intlungu yeflank
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima obungachazwanga
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ukunqongophala kwegazi
• Ukuhamba rhoqo kwi-Urinary okanye ukungxamiseka

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, kwaye avavanye indawo yakho yesisu (isisu). Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, oku kungabonisa intso eyandisiweyo.

Ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo:

• Uhlalutyo lomchamo lunokubonisa igazi kumchamo.
• Inani elipheleleyo legazi (CBC) linokubonisa i-anemia.
• I-cytology yomchamo (uvavanyo oluncinci lweeseli) inokuveza iiseli zomhlaza.

Olunye uvavanyo olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• Ukuskena kwe-CT esiswini
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• ICystoscopy ene-ureteroscopy
• Ipyramogram efakwa ngaphakathi (IVP)
• Isifo sezintso
• I-MRI yesisu
• Ukuskena ngokutsha

Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ithumba okanye lubonise ukuba umhlaza usasazekile kwizintso.

Injongo yonyango kukuphelisa umhlaza.

Ukulandela iinkqubo kunokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga le meko:

• I-Nephroureterectomy -Oku kubandakanya ukususwa kwezintso zonke, ureter kunye nekhofu yesinyi (izicwili ezidibanisa ureter nesinyi)
• I-Nephrectomy - Utyando lokususa yonke into okanye inxalenye yezintso zihlala zisenziwa. Oku kunokubandakanya ukususa inxenye yesinyi kunye nezicubu eziyingqongileyo, okanye ii-lymph node.
• Ureter resection - Utyando lokususa inxenye yereterter enomhlaza, kunye nezinye izicwili ezisempilweni ezijikelezileyo. Oku kunokusetyenziselwa imeko yamathumba angaphezulu akhoyo kwindawo esezantsi ye-ureter kufutshane nesinyi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina izintso.
• I-Chemotherapy - Oku kusetyenziswa xa umhlaza usasazekile ngaphandle kwezintso okanye i-ureter. Kuba la mathumba afana nohlobo lomhlaza wesinyi, aphathwa ngohlobo olufanayo lwe-chemotherapy.

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Iziphumo ziyahluka, kuxhomekeka kwindawo yethumba kwaye nokuba umhlaza usasazekile. Umhlaza okwizintso okanye ureter kuphela unokunyangeka ngotyando.

Umhlaza osele unwenwele kwamanye amalungu uhlala unganyangeki.

Iingxaki ezivela kulo mhlaza zingabandakanya:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukusasazeka kwendawo kwethumba ngeentlungu ezandayo
• Ukusasazeka komhlaza kwimiphunga, isibindi kunye nethambo

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba unazo naziphi na iimpawu ezidweliswe apha ngasentla.

Amanyathelo anokunceda ukuthintela lo mhlaza kubandakanya:

• Landela iingcebiso zomboneleli wakho malunga namayeza, kubandakanya amayeza eentlungu angaphaya kwekhawuntari.
• Yeka ukutshaya.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uvezwe kwizinto ezinobungozi kwizintso.

Umhlaza weseli wotshintsho we-pelvis ye-renal okanye i-ureter; Umhlaza sezintso - isinqe sezintso; Umhlaza wesibeleko; I-Urothelial carcinoma

• I-anatomy yezintso

I-Bajorin DF. Ukudumba kwezintso, isinyi, ureters, kunye ne-renal pelvis. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 187.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 30, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngoJulayi 21, 2020.

I-Wong WW, i-Daniels TB, iPeterson JL, iTyson MD, iTan WW. Izintso kunye ne-ureteral carcinoma. Ku: Tepper JE, Foote RL, Michalski JM, ii-eds. Gunderson kunye neTepper's Clinical Radiation Oncology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 64.