Indawo yesibini yokupaka

I-parkinsonism yesibini xa iimpawu ezifana nesifo sika-Parkinson zibangelwa ngamayeza athile, ukungafani kwenkqubo ye-nervous, okanye esinye isifo.

I-Parkinsonism ibhekisa kuyo nayiphi na imeko ebandakanya iintlobo zeengxaki zokuhamba ezibonwe sisifo sikaParkinson. Ezi ngxaki zibandakanya ukungcangcazela, ukuhamba kancinci, kunye nokuqina kweengalo nemilenze.

I-parkinsonism yesibini inokubangelwa ziingxaki zempilo, kubandakanya:

• Ukulimala kwengqondo
• Ukusasaza isifo somzimba seLeyy (uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo)
• I-Encephalitis
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo / uGawulayo
• Ukudumba kwenwebu yengqondo
• Inkqubo emininzi ye-atrophy
• Ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo senyukliya
• Ukubetha
• Isifo sikaWilson

Ezinye izizathu zeparkinsonism yesibini zibandakanya:

• Umonakalo wobuchopho obangelwa ngamachiza okubulala iintlungu (anje ngexa lotyando)
• Ityhefu yecarbon monoxide
• Amayeza athile asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye isicaphucaphu (metoclopramide kunye neprochlorperazine)
• Ityhefu yeMercury kunye nezinye iityhefu zamachiza
• Ukugqithisa kweziyobisi
• I-MPTP (engcolisayo kwezinye iziyobisi ezitalatweni)

Kukho iimeko ezinqabileyo zeparkinsonism yesibini phakathi kwabasebenzisi beziyobisi ze-IV abafake into ebizwa ngokuba yi-MPTP, enokuveliswa xa kusenziwa uhlobo lwe-heroin.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Nciphisa imbonakalo yobuso
• Kunzima ukuqala nokulawula intshukumo
• Ukuphulukana okanye ubuthathaka bokuhamba (ukukhubazeka)
• Ilizwi elithambileyo
• Ukuqina komboko, iingalo, okanye imilenze
• Ukungcangcazela

Ukudideka kunye nokulahleka kwememori kunokwenzeka kwi-parkinsonism yesibini. Kungenxa yokuba izifo ezininzi ezibangela iparkinsonism yesibini ikwakhokelela kwisifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze imibuzo malunga nembali yonyango lomntu kunye neempawu. Yazi ukuba iimpawu kunokuba nzima ukuzivavanya, ngakumbi kubantu abadala.

Uviwo lunokubonisa:

• Kunzima ukuqala okanye ukuyeka ukuhamba ngokuzithandela
• Imisipha exineneyo
• Iingxaki ngokuma
• Cotha, ushukuma uhambe
• Ukuthuthumela (ukugubha)

I-Reflexes ihlala iqhelekile.

Uvavanyo lunokuyalelwa ukuba luqinisekise okanye lukhuphe ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo.

Ukuba imeko ibangelwa liyeza, umboneleli unokucebisa ngokutshintsha okanye ukuyeka iyeza.

Ukunyanga iimeko ezingaphantsi, ezinje ngokubethwa sistroke okanye usulelo, kunokunciphisa iimpawu okanye kuthintele imeko ukuba ibe mandundu.

Ukuba iimpawu zenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, umboneleli unokucebisa amayeza. Amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga le meko anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu. Kubalulekile ukuba ubone umboneleli wokujonga. I-parkinsonism yesibini ihlala ingaphenduli kangako kunyango lwezifo kunokuba isifo se-Parkinson.

Ngokungafaniyo nesifo se-Parkinson, ezinye iintlobo zeparkinsonism yesibini inokuzinzisa okanye iphucule ukuba oyena nobangela uyanyangwa. Ezinye iingxaki zobuchopho, ezinjengesifo somzimba seLeyy, azinakubuya.

Le meko inokukhokelela kwezi ngxaki:

• Kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
• Kunzima ukugwinya (ukutya)
• Ukukhubazeka (ngokwahluka ngokwamaqondo)
• Ukonzakala xa usiwa
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga imeko

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela ekuphulukaneni namandla (ukungasebenzi):

• Ukuphefumla ukutya, ulwelo, okanye i-mucus kwimiphunga (aspiration)
• Igazi elixineneyo kwimithambo enzulu (i-vein thrombosis enzulu)
• Ukungondleki

Fowunela umnikezeli ukuba:

• Iimpawu zeparkinsonism yesibini zikhula, zibuye, okanye zibe mandundu.
• Iimpawu ezintsha ziyavela, kubandakanya ukudideka kunye neentshukumo ezingenakulawulwa.
• Awunakho ukukhathalela umntu ekhaya emva kokuba unyango luqale.

Ukunyanga iimeko ezenza ukuba i-parkinsonism yesibini inciphise umngcipheko.

Abantu abathatha amayeza anokubangela i-parkinsonism yesibini kufuneka ihlolwe ngononophelo ngumboneleli ukukhusela imeko ekuphuculweni.

Parkinsonism - yesibini; Isifo se-Atypical Parkinson

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye ne-peripheral system

UFox SH, uKatzenschlager R, uLim SY, et al; I-Movement Disorder Society yoBungqina beKomiti yezeMpilo. Ukuphononongwa kwamayeza asekwe kubungqina obusekwe kubungqina be-Parkinson kunye ne-Movement Disorder Society: uhlaziyo kunyango lweempawu zesifo sika-Parkinson. Mov Disord. 2018; 33 (8): 1248-1266. IINKCUKACHA: 29570866 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29570866/.

Isifo sikaJankovic J. Parkinson kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuhamba. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 96.

Okun MS, uLang AE. Iparkinsonism. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 381.

Isifo sikaTate J. Parkinson. Ku: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lukaConn 2020. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier 2020: 721-725.