I-Glioblastoma multiforme: iimpawu, unyango kunye nokusinda

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Glioblastoma multiforme luhlobo lomhlaza wobuchopho, weqela le-gliomas, kuba ichaphazela iqela elithile leeseli ezibizwa ngokuba "ziiseli ze-glial", ezinceda ekubunjweni kwengqondo nakwimisebenzi yee-neurons. Luhlobo olunqabileyo lomhlaza kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, lubakho manqaphanqapha, buhlala buxhaphakile kubantu ababekhe bavezwa kukukhanya kwemitha.

Olu luhlobo lwethumba elinoburharha, oluhlelwe njengebanga le-IV, njengoko linomthamo omkhulu wokungena kunye nokukhula kunye nezihlunu zobuchopho, kwaye kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngentloko, ukugabha okanye ukuxhuzula, umzekelo.

Unyango lubandakanya ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwethumba ngokuhambelana ne-radiotherapy kunye ne-chemotherapy, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobundlongondlongo kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza, akunakwenzeka ukuba uphilise lo mhlaza, othe, ngokomndilili, ukusinda kweenyanga ezili-14, ayisiwo umthetho kwaye iyahluka ngokobunzima, ubukhulu kunye nendawo yethumba, ukongeza iimeko zeklinikhi yesigulana.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iyeza liqhubekile, ngakumbi nangakumbi, ekufuneni unyango ukonyusa ukusinda kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu abanomhlaza.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Nangona inqabile, i-glioblastoma multiforme sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sezilonda ezinobuchopho obuvela kwimvelaphi yobuchopho, kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala. Iimpawu ziqala ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima, kuxhomekeka kwindawo okuyo kwingqondo kunye nobukhulu, kwaye ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo zibandakanya:

• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Utshintsho kwizakhono zemoto, njengokuphelelwa ngamandla okanye utshintsho ekuhambeni;
• Utshintsho olubonakalayo;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentetho;
• Ubunzima bokuqonda, njengokuqiqa okanye ingqalelo;
• Utshintsho kubuntu, njengokungakhathali okanye ukuphepha ekuhlaleni;
• Ukuphalaza;
• Ukuxhuzula okungathethekiyo.

Njengokuba isifo sifikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu okanye lesiphelo, iimpawu zinokuqinisa kwaye zithintele amandla okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kunye nokhathalelo.

Phambi kweempawu ezibonisa lo mhlaza, ugqirha unokuyalela ukuvavanywa kwengqondo kwengqondo, njengokujonga ngemagneti yokujonga, eya kuthi ibonakalise ithumba, nangona kunjalo, isiqinisekiso senziwa kuphela emva kokuvavanywa kunye nohlalutyo lwesiqwengana sethumba.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-glioblastoma multiforme kufuneka lwenziwe kwangoko emva kokuxilongwa, kunye nesifo se-oncologist kunye ne-neurologist, kwaye kwenziwa nge:

1. Ugqirha: Kubandakanya ukususwa kwalo lonke ithumba elibonakalayo kuvavanyo lomfanekiso, kuthintelwe ukushiya izicwili ezonakalisiweyo, ukuba linyathelo lokuqala lonyango;
2. Unyango ngemitha: okwenziwa ngokukhutshwa kwemitha kwilinge lokuphelisa iiseli zethumba ezisele kwingqondo;
3. Unyango ngamayeza: yenziwe ngokudibeneyo ne-radiotherapy, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo. Eyona chemotherapy esetyenziswa kakhulu yiTemozolomide, ekwaziyo ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo. Jonga ukuba ziyintoni na kwaye ujongane njani neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhemotherapy.

Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinje nge-corticosteroids okanye ii-anticonvulsants kunokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iimpawu zesi sifo.

Njengoko isisu esiqatha kakhulu, unyango luyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye amaxesha amaninzi kukho ukuphindaphinda, okwenza ukuba amathuba okunyanga abe nzima. Ke, izigqibo zonyango kufuneka zenziwe zodwa kwimeko nganye, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko yeklinikhi okanye ubukho kunyango lwangaphambili, kwaye umgangatho wobomi wesigulana kufuneka uhlale ubekwa phambili.

Kukwabalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba amayeza amatsha afunwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwonyango lwe-glioblastoma, njengonyango lwe-gene, unyango lwe-immunotherapy kunye nonyango lweemolekyuli, ukuze ufikelele ngcono kwi-tumor kwaye uququzelele ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.