Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi-amayeza amiselweyo

Xa iyeza lingasetyenziswanga ngendlela ekufanele lisetyenziswe ngayo kwaye umntu abe likhoboka lalo, ingxaki ibizwa ngokuba kukuphazamiseka ekusebenziseni iziyobisi. Abantu abanale ngxaki bathatha amachiza kuba amachiza amayeza aneziphumo zengqondo. Ukusebenza kwengqondo kuthetha ukuba nefuthe kwindlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo. Ngamafutshane, amachiza asetyenziselwa ukunyuka.

Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zamachiza asetyenziswa gwenxa zibandakanya uxinzelelo, iiopioid, kunye nezikhuthazi.

ABOXINXIWEYO

La mayeza akwabizwa ngokuba zii-tranquilizers kunye ne-sedatives. Banikwa unyango lweengxaki zokukhathazeka kunye nokulala.

Iindidi zamachiza kunye namagama ezitalato aquka:

• IiBarbiturates, ezinje nge-Amytal, Nembutal, phenobarbital, Seconal. Amagama esitrato abandakanya ii-barbs, i-phennies, i-reds, iintaka ezibomvu, ii-tooies, i-yellows, iidyasi ezimthubi.
• I-Benzodiazepines, enje ngeAtivan, Halcion, Klonopin Librium, Valium, Xanax. Amagama esitrato afaka imivalo, i-benzos, i-blues, iilekese, iipilisi zokuphola, iifries zaseFransi, ezantsi, iiplanga, iipilisi zokulala, iipali zeetotem, iitranki, ii-zanies kunye ne-z-bar.
• Amanye amayeza okulala, anje ngeAmbien, Sonata, Lunesta. Amagama esitrato abandakanya i-A, iipilisi zombie.

Xa zisetyenziselwa ukuphakama, zibangela iimvakalelo zempilo-ntle, ulonwabo olukhulu kunye nolonwabo. Njengeziyobisi zasesitalatweni, izinto zokudakumba ziza kwiipilisi okanye kwiifomsile kwaye zihlala ziginyiwe.

Iziphumo ezinobungozi zokudakumba emzimbeni zibandakanya:

• Ukuncipha kwengqwalaselo
• Umgwebo ongalunganga
• Ukungabikho koququzelelo
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Iingxaki zememori
• Intetho egudileyo

Abasebenzisi bexesha elide banokuba neempawu ezisongela ubomi xa bezama ukuyeka iziyobisi ngokukhawuleza.

I-OPIOIDS

Iiopioids zinamandla okuphelisa iintlungu. Banikwa unyango lweentlungu emva kotyando okanye inkqubo yamazinyo. Ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukukhohlela okanye urhudo.

Iindidi zeeopioid kunye namagama ezitalato zibandakanya:

• Ikhowudi. Maninzi amayeza anekhowudi njengesixhobo, ngakumbi esokukhohlela njengeRobitussin AC kunye neTylenol enekhowudi. Amagama esitrato ekhowudiine kuphela aquka uCaptain cody, cody, c omncinci, kunye nenkwenkwe yesikolo. KwiTylenol enekhowudi, amagama ezitalato aquka i-T1, T2, T3, T4, kunye ne-dors kunye neine. I-Codeine isiraphu exutywe nesoda inokuba namagama ezitalato anjenge-purple purple, sizzup, okanye iti yaseTexas.
• Fentanyl. Iziyobisi zibandakanya iActiq, iDuragesic, iOnesolis, kunye ne Sublimaze. Amagama esitrato abandakanya i-apache, intombazana yase-china, i-china emhlophe, i-fever fever, umhlobo, i-goodfella, i-jackpot, ukubulala i-8, i-percopop, i-tango kunye nemali.
• IHydrocodone: Iziyobisi zibandakanya iLorcet, iLortab, kunye neVicodin. Amagama ezitalato aquka i-fluff, i-hydros, i-v-itamin, i-vic, i-vike, i-Watson-387.
• Imofini. Iziyobisi zibandakanya iAvinza, iDuramorph, iKadian, iOrmorph, iRoxanol. Amagama esitrato abandakanya umphuphi, umgca wokuqala, iziyobisi zikathixo, M, miss emma, mister blue, monkey, morf, morpho, vitamin m, izinto ezimhlophe.
• Oxycodone. Iziyobisi zibandakanya i-Oxycontin, Percocet, Percodan, Tylox. Amagama ezitalato aquka umqhaphu, i-hillbilly heroin, oc, i-ox, i-oxy, i-oxycet, i-oxycotton, ii-percs, iipilisi.

Xa isetyenziselwa ukuphakama, ii-opioids zibangela ukuba umntu azive ekhululekile kwaye onwabe kakhulu. Njengeziyobisi ezitalatweni, ziza zingumgubo, iipilisi okanye iicapsules, isiraphu. Bangakwazi ukugwinya, ukujova, ukutshaya, ukufakwa kwi-rectum, okanye ukufuthwa ngeempumlo (ukukhupha).

Iziphumo ezinobungozi ze-opioid emzimbeni zibandakanya:

• Ukuqunjelwa
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Ukudideka
• Ukungabikho koququzelelo
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ubuthathaka, isiyezi, ukulala

Kwiidosi eziphezulu, ukunxila yi-opioid kunokubangela, kunokubangela iingxaki zokuphefumla, isiqaqa, okanye ukufa.

ABAKHUSELAYO

La ngamachiza avuselela ingqondo nomzimba. Benza imiyalezo phakathi kwengqondo nomzimba ihambe ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, umntu uphaphile ngakumbi kwaye uyasebenza emzimbeni. Izinto ezikhuthazayo ezinje ngeeamphetamines zimiselwe ukunyanga iingxaki zempilo ezinje ngokutyeba, i-narcolepsy, okanye ukunqongophala kwengqwalaselo yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD).

Iindidi zezikhuthazi kunye namagama ezitalato aquka:

• Ii-Amphetamines, ezinje ngeAdderall, iBiphetamine, kunye neDexedrine. Amagama ezitalato aquka iibennies, ubuhle obumnyama, iminqamlezo, iintliziyo, ukujika kwe-LA, isantya, abaqhubi beelori, phezulu.
• IMethylphenidate, enjengeConcerta, iMetadate, iQuillivant, kunye neRitalin. Amagama ezitalato afaka i-JIF, iibhibble kunye neebits, MPH, iinanapple, i-r-ball, skippy, ichiza elilumkileyo, ivithamin R.

Xa zisetyenziselwa ukuphakama, izikhuthazi zibangela ukuba umntu azive onwabile, ephaphile kakhulu, kwaye enamandla athe chatha. Abanye abantu basebenzisa iziyobisi, ngakumbi ii-amphetamines, ukubanceda bahlale bephaphile emsebenzini okanye bafundele uvavanyo. Abanye bazisebenzisa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwabo kwezemidlalo.

Njengeziyobisi zasesitalatweni, ziza njengeepilisi. Bangakwazi ukugwinya, ukujova, ukutshaya, okanye ukuhogela ngeempumlo (ukukhupha).

Iziphumo ezinobungozi zokuvuselela emzimbeni zibandakanya:

• Iingxaki zentliziyo, ezinje ngokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ukonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ubushushu bomzimba obuphakamileyo kunye nokugungxula ulusu
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokwehla kobunzima
• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunye neengxaki zokucinga ngokucacileyo
• Ukulahlekiswa kunye nemibono
• Iingxaki zemood kunye neemvakalelo, ezinje ngokuziphatha gwenxa okanye ubundlobongela
• Ukuphumla nokungcangcazela

Ngokwesiqhelo awunamakhoboka amayeza kagqirha xa uwathatha kumthamo ofanelekileyo ukunyanga imeko yakho yezempilo.

Ukuba likhoboka kuthetha ukuba umzimba nengqondo yakho zixhomekeke kwichiza. Awunakho ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwaye uyayidinga ukuze uphumelele kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ixesha elininzi kunokukhokelela kunyamezelo. Ukunyamezelana kuthetha ukuba ufuna ngakumbi nangakumbi iziyobisi ukuze ufumane imvakalelo efanayo. Kwaye ukuba uzama ukuyeka ukusebenzisa, ingqondo nomzimba wakho unokuba neempendulo. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ziimpawu zokurhoxa, kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• Iminqweno eyomeleleyo yesiyobisi
• Ukuba neemvakalelo eziguqukayo ukusuka ekuziva udandathekile ukuya ekuxhalabeni
• Ukungakwazi ukugxila
• Ukubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo (i-hallucinations)
• Ukuphendula ngokwasemzimbeni kunokubandakanya iintloko eziqaqambayo, iintlungu kunye neentlungu, ukonyuka kokutya, ukungalali kakuhle
• Iimpawu ezisongela ubomi kubasebenzisi bexesha elide beziyobisi ezithile

Unyango luqala ngokwazi ukuba kukho ingxaki. Nje ukuba uthathe isigqibo sokuba ufuna ukwenza into malunga nokusebenzisa iziyobisi, inyathelo elilandelayo kukufumana uncedo kunye nenkxaso.

Iinkqubo zonyango zisebenzisa iindlela zokutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha ngokucebisa (ukuthetha ngonyango). Injongo kukukunceda uqonde indlela oziphethe ngayo kwaye kutheni usebenzisa iziyobisi. Ukubandakanya usapho kunye nabahlobo ngexesha lokucebisa kunokukunceda ukukugcina ungabuyeli ekusebenziseni (ukubuyela umva). Iinkqubo zonyango zikufundisa ukuba ujongane njani ngcono neemeko ezakhokelela ekubeni uzisebenzise okanye uphinde ubuye ngaphambili.

Ngezinye iziyobisi, ezinjenge-opioids, amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunceda ukunciphisa iziphumo ze-opioids kwingqondo. Amanye amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa inkanuko kunye neempawu zokurhoxa.

Ukuba unempawu ezinzima zokurhoxa, kuya kufuneka uhlale kwinkqubo yonyango lokuhlala ngaphakathi. Apho, impilo kunye nokukhuseleka kwakho kunokujongwa njengoko uchacha.

Njengoko uchacha, jolisa koku kulandelayo ukukunceda ukuthintela ukubuyela umva:

• Qhubeka uye kwiiseshoni zakho zonyango.
• Fumana imisebenzi emitsha kunye neenjongo zokutshintsha ezo zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
• Chitha ixesha elininzi nosapho kunye nabahlobo ophulukene nabo xa ubusebenzisa. Cinga ukungababoni abahlobo abasasebenzisayo.
• Zilolonge kwaye utye ukutya okusempilweni. Ukuhoya umzimba wakho kuyanceda ukuba uphile kwiziphumo eziyingozi zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Uya kuziva ungcono, nawe.
• Gwema izinto ezibangela. Ezi zinto zinokubangela abantu obusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye nabo. Izinto ezinokubangela ukuba zibe ziindawo, izinto, okanye iimvakalelo ezinokukwenza ufune ukusebenzisa kwakhona.

Izixhobo ezinokukunceda kwindlela yakho yokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo zibandakanya:

• UbomiRing- www.lifering.org/
• Umdibaniso weSizwe ngokuchasene nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi ngu-ncapda.org
• Ukubuyiswa kweSMart- www.smartrecovery.org/
• Intsebenziswano yaBantwana abaSimahla iziyobisi- iziyobisi.org/article/medicine-abuse-project-partners/

Inkqubo yakho yokuncedisa abasebenzi emsebenzini (EAP) ikwangumthombo olungileyo.

Biza ukuqeshwa kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ulikhoboka lamayeza amiselweyo kwaye ufuna uncedo lokuyeka. Fowunela kwakhona ukuba uneempawu zokurhoxa ezikukhathazayo.

Ukuphazamiseka kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi-amayeza amiselweyo; Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi - amayeza amiselweyo; Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi-amayeza amiselweyo; Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - amayeza amiselweyo; Iziyobisi - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; Iopioid - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; Ukuthomalalisa - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; I-Hypnotic - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; I-Benzodiazepine-ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; Ukusetyenziswa okukhuthazayo; IBarbiturate - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; Ikhowudi - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; Ioksijodone - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; IHydrocodone - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; I-Morphine - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi; IFentanyl - ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Ukugqithisa kweOpioid. www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/index.html. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMeyi 5, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngoJuni 26, 2020.

ILipari RN, uWilliam M, uVan Horn SL. Kutheni le nto abantu abadala besebenzisa iziyobisi gwenxa? I-Rockville, MD: Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kunye noLawulo lweeNkonzo zeMpilo yeNgqondo; Iziko lezeMpilo yokuziPhatha; Ngo-2017.

IKowalchuk A, iRed BC. Ukuphazamiseka kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 50.

IZiko leLizwe lewebhusayithi yokuSetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi. Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwengxelo yophando yeziyobisi. www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/misuse-prescription-drugs/viewview. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 2020. Ifikeleleke ngoJuni 26, 2020.

• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi