Izinto ezothusayo zasebusuku ebantwaneni

Izinto ezothusayo ebusuku (ezoyikisayo zokulala) sisifo sokulala apho umntu evuka ngokukhawuleza ebuthongweni ekwimo yokoyika.

Isizathu asaziwa, kodwa ubusuku obothusayo bunokubangelwa ngu:

• Ifiva
• Ukungabikho kobuthongo
• Amaxesha oxinzelelo lweemvakalelo, uxinzelelo, okanye ungquzulwano

Izinto ezothusayo ebusuku zixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwe-7, kwaye kuncinci kakhulu emva koko. Ubusuku ebusuku bunokubaleka kwiintsapho. Zinokwenzeka kubantu abadala, ngakumbi xa kukho uxinzelelo lweemvakalelo okanye ukusetyenziswa kotywala.

Izinto ezothusayo ebusuku zixhaphake kakhulu kwinxalenye yokuqala yesithathu yobusuku, rhoqo phakathi kobusuku ukuya kwi-2 kusasa.

• Abantwana bahlala bekhala kwaye boyike kakhulu kwaye badidekile. Zijikeleza ngamandla kwaye zihlala zingazazi izinto ezibangqongileyo.
• Umntwana usenokungakwazi ukuphendula xa kuthethwa naye, athuthuzelwe okanye avuswe.
• Umntwana unokubila, aphefumle ngokukhawuleza (hyperventilating), abe nokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, kwaye andise abafundi).
• Upelo lunokuhlala kangangemizuzu eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20, emva koko umntwana abuye alale.

Uninzi lwabantwana alunakho ukuchaza okwenzekileyo ngentsasa elandelayo. Bahlala bengenankumbulo yesiganeko xa bevuka ngosuku olulandelayo.

Abantwana abanobubi ebusuku banokulala nokuhamba.

Ngokwahlukileyo, amaphupha amabi aqhelekile kusasa. Zinokwenzeka emva kokuba umntu ebukele iimovie ezoyikisayo okanye iinkqubo zeTV, okanye enamava emvakalelo. Umntu unokukhumbula iinkcukacha zephupha emva kokuvuka kwaye akazukuphazamiseka emva kwesiqendu.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho kuhlolwa okanye ukuvavanywa okufunekayo. Ukuba ubusuku bezoyikiso zenzeka rhoqo, umntwana kufuneka avavanywe ngumboneleli wezempilo. Ukuba kufuneka, iimvavanyo ezinje ngesifundo sokulala, zinokwenziwa ukukhupha ingxaki yokulala.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntwana oyikisayo ebusuku ufuna kuphela ukuthuthuzelwa.

Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo okanye ukusebenzisa iindlela zokulwa kunokunciphisa uloyiko ebusuku. Unyango lokuthetha okanye ukucebisa kunokufuneka kwezinye iimeko.

Amayeza amiselweyo ukuba asetyenziswe ngexesha lokulala aya kunciphisa ubunkwantya obusebusuku, kodwa kunqabile ukuba asetyenziswe ukunyanga esi sifo.

Uninzi lwabantwana luphuma ebusuku. Iziqendu zihlala zincipha emva kweminyaka eli-10.

Biza ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuba:

• Izinto ezothusayo ebusuku zenzeka rhoqo
• Baphazamisa ukulala rhoqo
• Ezinye iimpawu zenzeka ngokoyika ebusuku
• Unkwantya lasebusuku lubangela, okanye phantse lubangele, ukulimala

Ukucutha uxinzelelo okanye ukusebenzisa iindlela zokulwa kunokunciphisa uloyiko ebusuku.

Khathalela i-nocturnus; Ingxaki yoloyiko lokulala

IAmerican Academy yePediatrics iwebhusayithi. Amaphupha amabi kunye nobusuku obusabisayo kwizikolo zasesikolweni. www.healthychildren.org/IsiNgesi/ages-stages/preschool/Pages/Nightmares-and-Night-Terrors.aspx. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-18 ngo-Okthobha i-2018. Ifikeleleke ngo-Epreli 22, 2019.

I-Avidan AY. Ukungahambi ngokukhawuleza kwamehlo iiparasomnias: ukubonwa kweklinikhi, amanqaku okuchonga kunye nolawulo. Ku: Kryger M, Roth T, Dement WC, ii-eds. Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa neyeza lokulala. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 102.

I-Owens JA. Iyeza lokulala. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 31.