Ukuthimliswa komzimba

I-allergen rhinitis sisifo esihambelana neqela leempawu ezichaphazela impumlo. Ezi mpawu zenzeka xa uphefumla kwinto ethile ongavumiyo ukuyifumana, njengothuli, isilwanyana esidadayo, okanye umungu. Iimpawu zinokwenzeka xa usitya ukutya onqabileyo kuko.

Eli nqaku ligxile kwi-allergen rhinitis ngenxa ye-pollens yezityalo. Olu hlobo lwe-allergen rhinitis lubizwa ngokuba yi-hay fever okanye i-allergies yexesha elithile.

I-allergen yinto ebangela ukungabikho komzimba. Xa umntu one-allergen rhinitis ephefumla kwi-allergen efana ne-pollen, i-mold, i-dander yezilwanyana, okanye uthuli, umzimba ukhupha iikhemikhali ezibangela iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba.

Umkhuhlane weHay ubandakanya ukusabela komzimba kumungu.

Izityalo ezibangela i-hay fever yimithi, ingca kunye ne-ragweed. Umungu wazo uthwalwa ngumoya. (I-pollen yeentyatyambo ithwalwa zizinambuzane kwaye ayibangeli hay fever.) Iindidi zezityalo ezibangela hay fever ziyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye nakwezinye iindawo.

Ubungakanani bomungu osemoyeni bunokuchaphazela ukuba ingaba iimpawu zehay fever ziyakhula na okanye hayi.

• Iintsuku ezishushu, ezomileyo, ezinomoya zivamise ukuba nomungu omninzi emoyeni.
• Kwiintsuku ezipholileyo, ezifumileyo, ezinemvula, inkoliso yomungu ihlanjwa emhlabeni.

I-hay fever kunye ne-allergies zihlala ziqhutywa kwiintsapho. Ukuba bobabini abazali bakho bane-hay fever okanye ezinye izifo, unokuba ne-hay fever kunye ne-allergies, nawe. Ithuba liphezulu ukuba umama wakho uneengxaki zomzimba.

Iimpawu ezenzeka kwakamsinya emva kokuba udibene nento oyichasayo unokubandakanya:

• Impumlo, umlomo, amehlo, umqala, ulusu, okanye nayiphi na indawo
• Iingxaki ngevumba
• Impumlo enemifinya
• Ukuthimla
• Amehlo amanzi

Iimpawu ezinokuthi ziphuhle kamva zibandakanya:

• Impumlo emuncu (ukuxinana kwempumlo)
• Ukukhohlela
• Iindlebe ezivaliweyo kunye nokuhla kwevumba
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Izangqa ezimnyama phantsi kwamehlo
• Ukudumba phantsi kwamehlo
• Ukudinwa kunye nokucaphuka
• Intloko ebuhlungu

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho. Uya kubuzwa ukuba ngaba iimpawu zakho ziyahluka ngokwexesha losuku okanye ixesha lonyaka, kunye nokuvezwa kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okanye ezinye izifo.

Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy lunokuveza umungu okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela iimpawu zakho. Ukuvavanywa kolusu yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yovavanyo lokungabikho komzimba.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumanisa ukuba awunakho kuvavanyo lolusu, uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo lunokunceda ekufumaneni isifo. Ezi mvavanyo, ezaziwa njengeimvavanyo ze-IgE RAST, zinokulinganisa amanqanaba ezinto ezinxulumene nokungezwani komzimba.

Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwegazi (CBC), olubizwa ngokuba yi-eosinophil count, lunokukunceda ukufumanisa isifo somzimba.

INDLELA YOKUPHILA NOKUPHEPHA AMAQELA

Olona nyango lulungileyo kukuphepha i-pollens ebangela iimpawu zakho. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenzeki ukuthintela yonke impova. Kodwa uhlala uthabatha amanyathelo ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwakho.

Unokumiselwa amayeza ukunyanga i-rhinitis eyingozi. Iyeza elichazwa ngugqirha wakho lixhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho nokuba zinzima kangakanani. Iminyaka yakho kunye nokuba unezinye iimeko zonyango, ezinje nge-asthma, ziya kuqwalaselwa.

Nge-rhinitis ethambileyo, ukuhlamba impumlo kunokunceda ukususa i-mucus kwimpumlo. Ungathenga isisombululo se-saline kwivenkile ethengisa iziyobisi okanye uyenze ekhaya usebenzisa ikomityi enye (240 yeemililitha) zamanzi ashushu, isiqingatha setispuni (3 gram) yetyuwa, kunye nepiniki yesoda yokubhaka.

Unyango lwe-allergen rhinitis lubandakanya:

IINKCUKACHA

Amayeza abizwa ngokuba zii-antihistamines asebenza kakuhle ekunyangeni iimpawu zokwaliwa komzimba. Zingasetyenziswa xa iimpawu zingenzeki rhoqo okanye zihlala ixesha elide. Qaphela oku kulandelayo:

• Uninzi lwee-antihistamines ezithathwe ngomlomo zingathengwa ngaphandle kommiselo.
• Ezinye zinokubangela ubuthongo. Akufanele uqhube okanye usebenzise oomatshini emva kokuthatha olu hlobo lwamayeza.
• Ezinye zibangela ukulala kancinci okanye ukungalali kwaphela.
• I-antihistamine impumlo yeempumlo isebenza kakuhle ekunyangeni i-rhinitis ye-allergen. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka uzame la mayeza kuqala.

ICORTICOSTEROIDS

• I-Nasal corticosteroid sprays lolona nyango lusebenzayo kwi-allergen rhinitis.
• Zisebenza kakuhle xa zisetyenziswa zingayeki, kodwa zinokuba luncedo xa zisetyenziselwa ixesha elifutshane.
• Izitshizi zeCorticosteroid zikhuselekile kubantwana nakubantu abadala.
• Iimpawu ezininzi ziyafumaneka. Unokuthenga iimveliso ezine ngaphandle kommiselo. Kuzo zonke ezinye iimveliso, uzakufuna iphepha likagqirha kugqirha wakho.

ABAQESHWA

• Ama-Decongestants anokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ezinjengokuxinana kwempumlo.
• Sukuyisebenzisa into yokuthambisa impumlo ngeempumlo ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-3.

AMANYE AMAYEZA

• I-Leukotriene inhibitors ngamayeza amiselweyo athintela i-leukotrienes. Ezi ziikhemikhali ezikhutshwa ngumzimba ukuphendula kwi-allergen ekwabangela iimpawu.

UKUQHUTYELWA KWE-ALERGY

Ngamanye amaxesha kunconywa ukuba awukwazi ukuphepha impova kwaye iimpawu zakho zinzima ukulawula. Oku kubandakanya ukudubula rhoqo kwe-pollen onobungozi kuyo. Idosi nganye inkulu kancinci kunedosi ephambi kwayo, de ube ufikelela kwidosi enceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho. Ukudubula komzimba kunokunceda umzimba wakho ukuba uhlengahlengise umungu obangela impendulo.

UNYANGO LOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KWEZIMALI (SLIT)

Endaweni yokudubula, amayeza abekwe phantsi kolwimi anokunceda ingca kunye ne-ragweed allergies.

Uninzi lweempawu ze-rhinitis ye-allergen zinokunyangwa. Iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zifuna ukudubula.

Abanye abantu, ngakumbi abantwana, banokuphelisa ukungahambelani komzimba njengoko amajoni omzimba esiba buthathaka kwi-trigger. Kodwa nje ukuba into, efana ne-pollen, ibangele i-allergies, ihlala iqhubeka inefuthe lexesha elide emntwini.

Biza ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuba:

• Unempawu ezinzima zehay fever
• Unyango obelukusebenzele alusasebenzi
• Iimpawu zakho aziphenduli kunyango

Ngamanye amaxesha ungazithintela iimpawu ngokuthintela umungu ongavumiyo ukuya kuwo. Ngexesha le-pollen, kuya kufuneka uhlale ngaphakathi endlwini apho kukho umoya opholileyo, ukuba kunokwenzeka. Lala ngefestile zivaliwe, kwaye uqhube ngeefestile ezisongiweyo.

Yewena mkhuhlane; Ukunyanga kwempumlo; Ukungabikho komzimba ngexesha elithile; Rhinitis yamaxesha athile; Komzimba - rhinitis komzimba; Allergy - nokuthimliswa komzimba

• I-allerginal rhinitis - ukuba ubuze ntoni kugqirha wakho - umntu omdala
• I-allergen rhinitis - yintoni ekufuneka uyibuze kugqirha -mntwana wakho

• Iimpawu zomzimba
• Ukuthimliswa komzimba
• Ukuqonda umhlaseli

I-Cox DR, i-Wise SK, i-Baroody FM. Ukungezwani komzimba kunye ne-immunology yendlela ephezulu yomoya. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 35.

UMilgrom H, uSicherer SH. Ukuthimliswa komzimba. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 168.

I-Wallace DV, i-Dykewicz MS, i-Oppenheimer J, iPortnoy JM, iLang DM. Unyango lwe-Pharmacologic ye-allergen rhinitis yamaxesha athile: i-synopsis yesikhokelo esivela kwiqela elidibeneyo le-2017 kwiiparameter zokuziqhelanisa. UAnn Intern Med. Ngo-2017; 167 (12): 876-881. IINKCUKACHA: 29181536 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29181536/.