Intsholongwane ka Chikungunya

I-Chikungunya yintsholongwane egqithiselwa ebantwini ngokulunywa ziingcongconi ezosulelekileyo. Iimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu edibeneyo. Igama elithi chikungunya (libizwa "chik-en-gun-ye") ligama lesiAfrika elithetha "ukugoba ngeentlungu."

Olona lwazi luhlaziyiweyo, nceda undwendwele amaZiko oLawulo lweZifo noKhuselo (CDC) iwebhusayithi - www.cdc.gov/chikungunya.

Apho ifumaneka khona iChikungunya

Ngaphambi kowe-2013, le ntsholongwane yafunyanwa kuphela e-Afrika, e-Asiya, eYurophu, nakwiilwandlekazi i-Indiya kunye ne Pacific. Ekupheleni konyaka we-2013, ukuqhuma kwenzeka okokuqala ngqa eMelika kwiiCaribbean Islands.

Kumazwe aseMelika, ukosulelwa sesi sifo kwesi sifo kuye kwafunyanwa kumazwe nakwiindawo ezingama-44. Oku kuthetha ukuba iingcongconi kwezo ndawo zinentsholongwane kwaye ziyayinikezela ebantwini.

Ukusukela ngo-2014, esi sifo safunyanwa kubahambi abeza eMelika bevela kwiindawo ezichaphazelekileyo eMelika. Ukuhanjiswa kwendawo kwenzekile eFlorida, ePuerto Rico, nakwiiVirgin Islands zaseU.S.

Isasaza njani iChikungunya

Iingcongconi zisasaza intsholongwane ebantwini. Iingcongconi ziyayithatha intsholongwane xa zisitya abantu abosulelekileyo. Bayisasaza intsholongwane xa beluma abanye abantu.

Iingcongconi ezisasaza i-chikungunya ziluhlobo olunye olusasaza umkhuhlane wedengue, oneempawu ezifanayo. Ezi ngcongconi zihlala zondla ebantwini emini.

Iimpawu zikhula emva kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7 emva kokulunywa yingcongconi esulelekileyo. Esi sifo sisasazeka ngokulula. Uninzi lwabantu abosulelekileyo baneempawu.

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo ngumkhuhlane kunye nentlungu edibeneyo. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukudumba ngokudibeneyo
• Intlungu yezihlunu
• Isicaphucaphu
• Irhashalala

Iimpawu ziyafana nomkhuhlane kwaye zinokuba nzima, kodwa zihlala zingabulali. Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha kwiveki. Abanye baneentlungu ezidibeneyo kwiinyanga okanye ngaphezulu. Esi sifo sinokukhokelela ekufeni kubantu abadala abadala ababuthathaka.

Akukho lunyango lwechikungunya. Njengentsholongwane yomkhuhlane, kufuneka iqhube ikhosi yayo. Unokuthatha amanyathelo okunceda ukukhulula iimpawu:

• Phuza ulwelo oluninzi ukuze uhlale unamanzi.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo.
• Thatha ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), okanye i-acetaminophen (iTylenol) yokuthomalalisa iintlungu nomkhuhlane.

Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho ukuba ukhulisa iimpawu ze-chikungunya. Yazisa umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba ukhe wahambela kutshanje kwindawo esasazeka kuyo intsholongwane. Umboneleli wakho angenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukukhangela isifo.

Akukho sitofu sokukhusela i-chikungunya. Eyona ndlela yokuphepha ukufumana intsholongwane kukuphepha ukulunywa ziingcongconi. Ukuba ukwindawo apho usulelo lwasekhaya lusasazeka khona, thatha la manyathelo ukuze uzikhusele:

• Xa kungatshisi kakhulu, zigqume ngemikhono emide, iibhulukhwe ezinde, iikawusi, nomnqwazi.
• Sebenzisa iimpahla ezifakwe ipermethrin.
• Sebenzisa into yokugxotha izinambuzane nge-DEET, picaridin, IR3535, ioyile yeemon eucalyptus, okanye ipara-menthane-diol. Xa usebenzisa i-sunscreen, gxotha izinambuzane emva kokuthambisa i-sunscreen.
• Lala kwigumbi elinomoya opholileyo okanye ngeefestile ezineescreen. Jonga izikrini kwimingxunya emikhulu.
• Susa amanzi amileyo nakweyiphi na izikhongozeli ezingaphandle ezinje ngamabhakethi, iimbiza zeentyatyambo kunye neebhafu zeentaka.
• Ukuba ulele ngaphandle, lala phantsi komnatha weengcongconi.

Ukuba ufumana i-chikungunya, zama ukunqanda ukulunywa ziingcongconi ukuze ungayidlulisi intsholongwane kwabanye.

Usulelo lwentsholongwane lweChikungunya; Chikungunya

• Ingcongconi, ukondla abantu abadala kulusu

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Intsholongwane ka Chikungunya. www.cdc.gov/chikungunya. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 17, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoMeyi 29, 2019.

UDockrell DH, uSundar S, uAngus BJ, uHobson RP. Izifo ezosulelayo. Ku: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, ii-eds. Imigaqo kaDavidson kunye nokuSebenza kweyeza. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 11.

UKhabbaz R, uBell BP, uShuchat A, et al. Ukuvela kunye nokuveza izoyikiso zezifo ezosulelayo. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. UMandell, uDouglas, kunye neMigaqo yeBennett kunye nokuSebenza kwezifo ezosulelayo, uHlelo oluHlaziyiweyo. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 14.

URothe C, uJong EC. Izifo ezasulelayo ezivelayo kunye nomhambi wamanye amazwe. Ku: Sanford CA, Pottinger PS, Jong EC, ii-eds. Incwadana yemigaqo yokuHamba kunye neTropiki. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 3.

• Chikungunya