Unyango lomhlaza-ukujongana nentlungu

Umhlaza ngamanye amaxesha unokubangela iintlungu. Le ntlungu inokuvela kumhlaza ngokwawo, okanye kunyango lomhlaza.

Ukunyanga iintlungu zakho kufuneka kube yinxalenye yonyango lwakho lomhlaza. Unelungelo lokufumana unyango lwentlungu yomhlaza. Maninzi amayeza kunye nolunye unyango olunokunceda. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na intlungu, qiniseka ukuba uthethe nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokhetho lwakho.

Intlungu yomhlaza inezizathu ezahlukeneyo:

• Umhlaza. Xa ithumba likhula, linokucinezela kwimithambo-luvo, emathanjeni, kwizitho zomzimba, okanye kumnqonqo, oko kubangela iintlungu.
• Uvavanyo lwezonyango. Olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango, olunje nge-biopsy okanye uvavanyo lomongo wethambo, kunokubangela iintlungu.
• Unyango. Iindidi ezininzi zonyango lomhlaza zinokubangela iintlungu, kubandakanya i-chemotherapy, i-radiation, kunye notyando.

Intlungu yomntu wonke yahlukile. Intlungu yakho inokubakho ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima kwaye inokuhlala ixesha elifutshane okanye iqhubeke ixesha elide.

Abantu abaninzi abanomhlaza abafumani unyango olwaneleyo kwiintlungu zabo. Oku kusenokubangelwa kukuba abafuni ukuthatha iyeza leentlungu, okanye abacingi ukuba liya kunceda. Kodwa ukunyanga iintlungu zakho kuyinxalenye yokunyanga umhlaza wakho. Kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango lwentlungu njengokuba ubunokwenza nakwezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ukulawula iintlungu kunokukunceda uzive ungcono ngokubanzi. Unyango lunokukunceda:

• Ulale ngcono
• Yiba esebenzayo ngakumbi
• Ufuna ukutya
• Zive ungaphantsi koxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo
• Ukuphucula ubomi bakho bobulili

Abanye abantu bayoyika ukuthatha amayeza eentlungu kuba becinga ukuba baya kuba ngamakhoboka. Ixesha elingaphezulu, umzimba wakho unokuhlakulela ukunyamezeleka kunyango lwentlungu. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokufuna ngaphezulu ukunyanga iintlungu zakho. Oku kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwaye kunokwenzeka namanye amayeza ngokunjalo. Akuthethi ukuba ulikhoboka. Logama nje uthatha iyeza njengoko kumiselwe ngugqirha wakho, unamathuba amancinci okuba likhoboka.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kwintlungu yakho, kubalulekile ukuba uthembeke ngangokunokwenzeka nomboneleli wakho. Uya kufuna ukuxelela umboneleli wakho:

• Intlungu yakho ivakalelwa njani (ukuqaqamba, ukungcangcazela, ukubetha, ukuhlala ubukhali, okanye ubukhali)
• Apho uziva khona iintlungu
• Ihlala ixesha elingakanani intlungu
• Yomelele kangakanani
• Ukuba kukho ixesha losuku liziva lingcono okanye libi
• Ukuba kukho enye into eyenza ukuba izive ingcono okanye imbi kakhulu
• Ukuba iintlungu zakho zikugcina ekwenzeni nayiphi na imisebenzi

Umboneleli wakho unokucela ukuba ulinganise intlungu yakho usebenzisa isikali okanye itshathi. Kunokuba luncedo ukugcina idayari yentlungu ukunceda ukulandelela iintlungu zakho. Unokugcina umkhondo xa usela iyeza kwintlungu yakho kwaye inceda kangakanani. Oku kuya kunceda umboneleli wakho ukuba azi kakuhle ukuba lisebenza njani iyeza.

Zintathu iintlobo zamayeza eziphambili zentlungu yomhlaza. Umboneleli wakho uya kusebenza nawe ukufumana iyeza elisebenza ngcono kuwe ngexabiso elincinci leziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngokubanzi, uya kuqala ngexabiso elincinci lamayeza ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa ezisusa iintlungu. Ukuba elinye iyeza alisebenzi, umboneleli wakho unokucebisa elinye. Kungathatha ixesha elincinci ukufumana iyeza elifanelekileyo kunye nedosi elungileyo ekufaneleyo.

• Intlungu ezingezizo i-opioid ziyabuyisa. La mayeza abandakanya i-acetaminophen (iTylenol) kunye ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), ezinje nge-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, abanye), kunye ne naproxen (Aleve). Kukulungele ukunyanga iintlungu eziphakathi ukuya kweziphakathi. Unokuthenga uninzi lala mayeza kwikhawuntara.
• Iiopioids okanye iziyobisi. La ngamayeza omeleleyo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu eziphakathi. Kufuneka ube nogqirha wakho ukuze ubathathe. Ezinye ii-opioid eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ikhowudi, i-fentanyl, i-morphine, kunye ne-oxycodone. Unokuwathatha la mayeza ukongeza kwezinye iintlungu.
• Ezinye iintlobo zamayeza. Umboneleli wakho unokumisela amanye amayeza ukukunceda kwintlungu yakho. Oku kunokubandakanya ii-anticonvulsants okanye i-antidepressants zentlungu ye-nerve okanye i-steroids ukunyanga iintlungu kukudumba.

Kubalulekile ukuba uthathe amayeza entlungu kanye njengoko exelelwa ngumboneleli wakho. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokufumana okuninzi kunyango lwakho lwentlungu:

• Xelela umboneleli wakho ngawo onke amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo. Amanye amayeza eentlungu anokusebenzisana namanye amayeza.
• Musa ukweqa iidosi okanye uzame ukuhamba ixesha elide phakathi kweedosi. Iintlungu kulula ukuzinyanga xa uzinyanga kwangoko. Sukulinda de ibe buhlungu kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba uthathe iyeza lakho. Oku kunokwenza ukuba iintlungu zakho zibe nzima ukunyanga kwaye zibangele ukuba udinga iidosi ezinkulu.
• Sukuyeka ukuthatha iyeza ngokwakho. Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye eminye imiba. Umboneleli wakho unokukunceda ufumane iindlela zokujongana neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ezinye iingxaki. Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinzima kakhulu, kuya kufuneka uzame elinye iyeza.
• Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba iyeza alisebenzi. Banokunyusa idosi yakho, ngaba uyithatha rhoqo, okanye uzame elinye iyeza.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umboneleli wakho unokucebisa olunye uhlobo lonyango lwentlungu yakho yomhlaza. Olunye ukhetho lubandakanya:

• Ukukhutshelwa kwemithambo-luvo yombane (TENS). I-TENS ngumbane ombane ophantsi onokunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu. Ubeka kwindawo yomzimba wakho apho uziva khona iintlungu.
• Ibhloko yamathambo. Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwamayeza eentlungu afakwe ngaphakathi okanye kwimithambo-luvo ukunciphisa iintlungu.
• Ukupheliswa kwemitha rhoqo. Amaza kanomathotholo afudumeza imimandla yeethishu zemithambo-luvo ukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu.
• Unyango ngemitha. Olu nyango lunokulinciphisa ithumba elibangela iintlungu.
• Unyango ngamayeza. La mayeza anokulinciphisa ithumba ukunciphisa iintlungu.
• Ugqirha. Umboneleli wakho unokusebenzisa utyando ukususa ithumba elibangela iintlungu. Ngamanye amaxesha, uhlobo lotyando lobuchopho lunokusika imithambo-luvo ehambisa imiyalezo yeentlungu kwingqondo yakho.
• Unyango olongezelelweyo nolunye. Unokukhetha ukuzama unyango olufana nokwenza i-acupuncture, i-chiropractic, ukucamngca, okanye i-biofeedback ukukunceda ukunyanga iintlungu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu basebenzisa ezi ndlela ukongeza kumayeza okanye ezinye iintlobo zokuphelisa iintlungu.

I-Palliative - iintlungu zomhlaza

UNesbit S, uBrowner I, uGrossman SA. Intlungu enxulumene nomhlaza. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 37.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Intlungu yomhlaza (PDQ) -Uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/pain/pain-hp-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa kukaSeptemba 3, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Okthobha 24, 2020.

I-Scarborough BM, iSmith CB. Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lweentlungu kwizigulana ezinomhlaza kweli xesha langoku. Umhlaza kwi-CA. 2018; 68 (3): 182-196. IINKCUKACHA: 29603142 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29603142/.

• Umhlaza -Ukuphila nomhlaza