Unyango lomhlaza wabantwana-umngcipheko wexesha elide

Unyango lwanamhlanje lomhlaza luyanceda ukunyanga uninzi lwabantwana abanomhlaza. Olu nyango lunokubangela iingxaki zempilo kamva. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "kukugqibela kweziphumo."

Iziphumo zokugqibela ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango ezibonakala kwiinyanga ezininzi okanye kwiminyaka emva konyango lomhlaza. Iziphumo zasemva kwexesha zinokuchaphazela indawo enye okanye ezingaphezulu zomzimba. Iziphumo zinokuba mnene ukuya kubukhali.

Nokuba umntwana wakho uya kuba neziphumo kade uxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza kunye nonyango olunalo umntwana wakho. Ukwazi umngcipheko womntwana wakho weengxaki zempilo zexesha elide kunokukunceda ulandele ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo kwaye ubone naziphi na iingxaki kwangoko.

Olunye unyango lomhlaza lonakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni. Umonakalo awubonakali ngexesha lonyango, kodwa njengoko umzimba womntwana ukhula, utshintsho ekukhuleni kweseli okanye umsebenzi uvela.

Amayeza asetyenziselwa ichemotherapy kunye nemitha yamandla aphezulu esetyenziselwa unyango lwemitha ingonzakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni. Lo monakalo unokutshintsha okanye ulibazise ukukhula kweeseli. Unyango ngemitha lunefuthe ngokuthe ngqo ekukhuleni kwexesha elide kunakwichemotherapy.

Xa utyando lomhlaza lwenziwa, kunokubangela utshintsho ekukhuleni nasekusebenzeni kwelungu.

Iqela lokhathalelo lwempilo lomntwana wakho liza kuza nesicwangciso sonyango ukunqanda ukonakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Wonke umntwana wahlukile. Umngcipheko wokufumana isiphumo emva kwexesha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezinje:

• Impilo yomntwana ngokubanzi ngaphambi komhlaza
• Ubudala bomntwana ngexesha lonyango
• Unyango lonyango ngemitha kwaye ngawaphi amalungu omzimba afumene imitha
• Uhlobo lweChemotherapy kunye nedosi iyonke
• Lude kangakanani unyango
• Uhlobo lomhlaza unyangwa kunye nomzimba obandakanyekayo
• Imvelaphi yemvelo yomntwana (abanye abantwana banovakalelo kunyango)

Zininzi iintlobo zeziphumo ezinokubakho emva kwexesha kuxhomekeke ekubeni wawuphi umhlaza kwaye loluphi uhlobo lonyango olwenziweyo. Iziphumo zasemva kwexesha ziqikelelwa ngokubanzi ngokusekwe kunyango oluthile lomntwana. Uninzi lweziphumo zinokulawulwa. Oku kulandelayo yimizekelo yezinye iziphumo ezifike emva kwexesha ngokusekwe kumalungu omzimba achaphazelekayo. Qaphela ukuba olu luluhlu olupheleleyo kwaye ayizukubakho yonke imiphumo eya kusebenza kumntwana kuxhomekeke kunyango oluthile.

Ubuchopho:

• Ukufunda
• Imemori
• Ingqalelo
• Ulwimi
• Iingxaki zokuziphatha kunye neemvakalelo
• Ukuxhuzula, iintloko

Iindlebe:

• Ukuphulukana nokuva
• Iyakhala ezindlebeni
• Ukuba nesiyezi

Amehlo:

• Iingxaki zombono
• Amehlo omileyo okanye amanzi
• Ubuntununtunu ekukhanyeni
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukujikisa ijwabu leso
• Amathumba enkophe

Imiphunga:

• Usulelo
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo
• Ingxaki yokuphefumla
• Umhlaza wemiphunga

Umlomo:

• Amazinyo amancinci okanye alahlekileyo
• Umngcipheko wemingxunya
• Amazinyo abuthathaka
• Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso lwamazinyo
• Isifo seentsini
• Umlomo owomileyo

Eminye imiphumo yokugqibela inokubandakanya:

• Imisipha okanye ithambo linokuchaphazeleka nakweyiphi na indawo emzimbeni apho kufuneka unyango. Inokuba nefuthe kwindlela umntwana ahamba ngayo okanye abaleke ngayo okanye abangele iintlungu kwithambo okanye kwimisipha, ubuthathaka, okanye ukuqina.
• Amadlala kunye namalungu enza iincindi zamadlala anokuvezwa kunyango. Oku kubandakanya idlala lengqula entanyeni kunye nedlala lengqula kwingqondo. Oku kunokuba nefuthe ekukhuleni kamva, imetabolism, ukufikisa, ukuchuma, kunye neminye imisebenzi.
• Isingqi sentliziyo okanye umsebenzi unokuchaphazeleka kunyango oluthile.
• Ukonyuka okuncinci kumngcipheko wokufumana omnye umhlaza kamva ebomini.

Uninzi lweziphumo ezingentla zezomzimba. Kunokubakho neziphumo zexesha elide ngokweemvakalelo ngokunjalo. Ukujamelana neengxaki zempilo, ukutyelelwa okongezelelweyo kwezonyango, okanye iinkxalabo eziza nomhlaza kunokuba ngumceli mngeni wobomi bonke.

Iziphumo ezininzi zasemva kwexesha azinakuthintelwa, kodwa ezinye zinokulawulwa okanye zinyangwe.

Kukho izinto anokuzenza umntwana wakho ukunceda ukuthintela ezinye iingxaki zempilo kunye nokufumana iingxaki kwangoko njenge:

• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni
• Musa ukutshaya
• Zilolonge rhoqo
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni
• Yiba novavanyo rhoqo kunye novavanyo, kubandakanya intliziyo kunye nemiphunga

Ukujonga iziphumo ezifike emva kwexesha kuya kuba yinxalenye yokhathalelo lomntwana wakho iminyaka emininzi. Iqela le-Oncology labantwana (i-COG) lenza izikhokelo zokulandelwa kwexesha elide kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo abanomhlaza. Buza umboneleli womntwana wakho malunga nezikhokelo. Landela la manyathelo ngokubanzi:

• Yenza amadinga rhoqo kwiimviwo zomzimba kunye novavanyo.
• Gcina iirekhodi ezineenkcukacha zonyango lomntwana wakho.
• Fumana iikopi zazo zonke iingxelo zonyango.
• Gcina uluhlu lwabafowunelwa lweqela lokhathalelo lwempilo lomntwana wakho.
• Buza umboneleli womntwana wakho ukuba zeziphi iziphumo zokugqibela umntwana wakho anokufuna ukuzijonga ngenxa yonyango.
• Yabelana ngolwazi malunga nomhlaza kunye nabanikezeli bexesha elizayo.

Ukulandela rhoqo kunye nokhathalelo kunika umntwana wakho elona thuba lifanelekileyo lokuchacha kunye nempilo entle.

Umhlaza kubantwana

Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza. Iziphumo zokugqibela zonyango lomhlaza wabantwana. www.cancer.org/treatment/childrenandcancer/whenyourchildhascancer/children-diagnosed-with-cancer-late-effects-of-cancer-treatment. Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 18, 2017. Ifikeleleke ngo-Okthobha 7, 2020.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Abantwana abanomhlaza: Isikhokelo sabazali. www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/bantwana-nomhlaza.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa kukaSeptemba 2015. Ifikeleleke ngo-Okthobha 7, 2020.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Iziphumo zokugqibela zonyango lomhlaza wobuntwana (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers/late-effects-hp-pdq#section/all. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-11 ka-Agasti ka-2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Okthobha 7, 2020.

IVrooman L, iDiller L, uKenney LB. Ukusinda komhlaza wabantwana. Ku: Orkin SH, Fisher DE, Ginsburg D, Jonga AT, Lux SE, Nathan DG, eds. UNathan kunye no-Oski's Hematology kunye ne-Oncology yoBusana kunye noBuntwana. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 72.

• Umhlaza kuBantwana