Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo ebantwaneni - ukukhutshwa

Umntwana wakho wayenomongo wethambo. Kuya kuthatha iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 okanye nangaphezulu ukubalwa kwegazi lomntwana wakho kunye nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ukuba ibuyele ngokupheleleyo. Ngeli xesha, umngcipheko wosulelo, ukopha, kunye neengxaki zolusu ziphezulu kunaphambi kokufakwa. Landela imiyalelo evela kumboneleli wezempilo yomntwana wakho ngendlela yokunyamekela umntwana wakho ekhaya.

Umzimba womntwana wakho usabuthathaka. Kungathatha ukuya kunyaka ukuba umntwana wakho azive ngathi benzile ngaphambi kokuba afakwe. Umntwana wakho uya kudinwa ngokulula kwaye anganomdla wokutya.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene umongo wethambo komnye umntu, jonga iimpawu zesifo se-graft-versus-host host (GVHD). Buza umboneleli ukuba akuxelele ukuba yeyiphi imiqondiso ye-GVHD ekufuneka uyijongile.

Khathalela ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho afumane usulelo njengoko kucetyisiwe liqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo.

• Ukugcina indlu yakho icocekile kubalulekile ukunceda ukuthintela usulelo. Kodwa musa ukucoca okanye ukucoca xa umntwana wakho esegumbini.
• Gcina umntwana wakho kude nezihlwele.
• Buza iindwendwe ezinengqele ukuba zinxibe imaski, okanye zingatyeleli.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho adlale eyadini okanye aphathe umhlaba ade umboneleli wakho athi amajoni omzimba womntwana wakho sele elungile.

Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho ulandela izikhokelo zokutya nokusela okukhuselekileyo ngexesha lonyango.

• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba atye okanye asele nantoni na enokupheka okanye eyonakeleyo ekhaya okanye xa usitya ngaphandle. Funda ukupheka nokugcina ukutya ngokukhuselekileyo.
• Qinisekisa ukuba amanzi akhuselekile ukuba ungasela.

Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uhlamba izandla zakhe ngesepha namanzi rhoqo, kubandakanya:

• Emva kokuchukumisa ulwelo lomzimba, olufana ne-mucous okanye igazi
• Phambi kokuphatha ukutya
• Emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese
• Emva kokusebenzisa umnxeba
• Emva kokuba ngaphandle

Buza ugqirha ukuba zeziphi izitofu zokugonya umntwana wakho anokuzifuna kunye nexesha lokuzifumana. Izitofu ezithile (izitofu eziphilayo) kufuneka zithintelwe de amajoni omzimba womntwana wakho akulungele ukuphendula ngokufanelekileyo.

Amajoni omzimba womntwana wakho abuthathaka. Ke kubalulekile ukuba uyikhathalele impilo yomlomo yomntwana wakho. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhusela izifo ezinokuthi zibe zibi kwaye zisasazeke. Xelela ugqirha wamazinyo womntwana wakho ukuba umntwana wakho ufakelwe umongo wethambo. Ngale ndlela unokusebenza kunye ukuqinisekisa olona nyango lomlomo lomntwana wakho.

• Cela umntwana wakho ukuba ahlambe amazinyo kunye neentsini amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwayi-3 ngemizuzu emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 sihlandlo ngasinye. Sebenzisa ibrashi yamazinyo eneebristles ezithambileyo. Floss ngobunono kanye ngemini.
• Umoya wome ibrashi yamazinyo phakathi kwebrashi.
• Sebenzisa intlama yamazinyo nge fluoride.
• Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokumisela umlomo wokuhlamba. Qiniseka ukuba ayinasiselo sotywala.
• Khathalela imilebe yomntwana wakho kunye neemveliso ezenziwe nge-lanolin. Tshela ugqirha ukuba umntwana wakho uvela izilonda zomlomo okanye iintlungu.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba atye ukutya neziselo ezineswekile eninzi kubo. Banike iintsini ezingenashukela okanye iipopu ezingenashukela okanye iipandi ezinzima ezingenashukela.

Khathalela iibhontsi zomntwana wakho, abagcini, okanye ezinye iimveliso zamazinyo:

• Abantwana banokuqhubeka nokunxiba izixhobo zomlomo ezinje ngokubagcina ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukugcina okucocekileyo kunye nokugcina amatyala mihla le ngesisombululo se-antibacterial. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wamazinyo ukuba acebise enye.
• Ukuba iinxalenye zebrace ziyicaphukisa iintsini zomntwana wakho, sebenzisa oonogada bomlomo okanye i-wax yamazinyo ukukhusela izicubu zomlomo eziethe-ethe.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unomgca we-venous okanye umgca we-PICC, qiniseka ukuba ufunde indlela yokuyinyamekela.

• Ukuba umboneleli womntwana wakho ukuxelela ukuba inani leplatelet lomntwana wakho liphantsi, funda indlela yokuthintela ukopha ngexesha lonyango.
• Nika umntwana wakho iiprotheyini ezaneleyo kunye neekhalori zokugcina ubunzima bakhe buphezulu.
• Buza umboneleli womntwana wakho malunga nezongezo zokutya ezingamanzi ezinokubanceda bafumane iikhalori ezaneleyo kunye nezondlo.
• Khusela umntwana wakho elangeni. Qinisekisa ukuba banxibe umnqwazi onobubanzi obubanzi kunye nelanga eline-SPF engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu kuso nasiphi na isikhumba esivelileyo.

Khathalela xa umntwana wakho edlala ngeethoyi:

• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho udlala ngeethoyi ezinokucocwa ngokulula. Ziphephe izinto zokudlala ezingenakuhlanjwa.
• Hlamba iithoyi zokuhlamba izitya ezikhuselekileyo kwindawo yokuhlamba iimpahla. Coca ezinye izinto zokudlala emanzini ashushu anesepha.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba adlale ngezinto zokudlala abanye abantwana abazibeke emlonyeni wabo.
• Kunqande ukusebenzisa iithoyi zokuhlamba ezigcina amanzi, njengemipu ye squirt okanye izinto zokudlala ezinokufinywa ezinokutsala amanzi ngaphakathi.

Lumka izilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nezilwanyana:

• Ukuba unayo ikati, yigcine ngaphakathi. Musa ukuzisa naziphi na izilwanyana ezintsha.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho adlale ngezilwanyana ezingaziwayo. Imikrwelo kunye nokulunywa kungasuleleka lula.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho asondele kufuphi nenkunkuma yekati yakho.
• Thetha nomboneleli wakho ukuba unesilwanyana kwaye ufunde oko umboneleli wakho acinga ukuba kukhuselekile kumntwana wakho.

Ukuqalisa kwakhona umsebenzi wesikolo nokubuyela esikolweni:

• Uninzi lwabantwana kuya kufuneka benze umsebenzi wesikolo ekhaya ngexesha lokuchacha. Thetha notitshala wabo malunga nendlela umntwana wakho anokuqhubeka ngayo nomsebenzi wesikolo kwaye uhlale unxibelelana nabantu afunda nabo.
• Umntwana wakho unokukwazi ukufumana uncedo olukhethekileyo kuMthetho waBantu abaKhubazekileyo wezeMfundo (IDEA). Thetha nonontlalontle esibhedlele ukuze ufumane okungakumbi.
• Nje ukuba umntwana wakho akulungele ukubuyela esikolweni, dibana nootitshala, abongikazi kunye nabanye abasebenzi besikolo ukubanceda baqonde imeko yezonyango yomntwana wakho. Lungiselela naluphi na uncedo olukhethekileyo okanye inkathalo njengoko kufuneka.

Umntwana wakho uya kudinga ukhathalelo olusondeleyo kugqirha kunye nomongikazi ubuncinci iinyanga ezintathu. Ekuqaleni, umntwana wakho unokufuna ukubonwa veki nganye. Qiniseka ukuba ugcina onke amadinga.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ukuxelela malunga naziphi na iimvakalelo ezimbi okanye iimpawu, biza iqela lezempilo lomntwana wakho. Uphawu lunokuba sisilumkiso sosulelo. Jonga ezi mpawu:

• Ifiva
• Urhudo olungapheliyo okanye olunegazi
• Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, okanye ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ukungakwazi ukutya okanye ukusela
• Ubuthathaka
• Ububomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukukhupha nakweyiphi na indawo apho kufakwe khona umgca we-IV
• Intlungu esiswini
• Umkhuhlane, ukubanda, okanye ukubila, ezinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo
• Ukutsha kwesikhumba okanye amadyunguza
• IJaundice (ulusu okanye indawo emhlophe yamehlo ijongeka ityheli)
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu okanye intloko engapheliyo
• Isikhohlela
• Ingxaki yokuphefumla xa uphumle okanye xa usenza imisebenzi elula
• Ukutsha xa uchama

Ukutsalwa - umongo wethambo - abantwana - ukukhutshwa; Ukufakelwa kwe-cell stem - abantwana - ukukhutshwa; Ukufakelwa kweseli ye-hematopoietic stem - abantwana - ukukhutshwa; Ukuncipha kokuqina, ukungafakwanga i-myeloablative transplant - abantwana - ukukhutshwa; Ukufakelwa okuncinci - abantwana - ukukhutshwa; Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo u-Allogenic - ukukhutshwa kwabantwana; Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo u-Autologous - ukukhutshwa kwabantwana; Intambo yokufakelwa kwegazi le-umbilical-abantwana-ukukhutshwa

IHuppler AR. Ubunzima obusulelayo be-hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 164.

Ndingu-A, uPavletic SZ. Ukufakelwa kweseli ye-hematopoietic stem. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 28.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Ukutshintshwa kwesisele seHematopoietic Cell (PDQ®) -Inguqulelo yezeMpilo. www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers/child-hct-hp-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 8, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Okthobha 8, 2020.

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