Croup

I-Croup sisifo somoya somoya esibangela ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye "nokukhonkotha" ukukhwehlela. Croup kungenxa yokudumba ujikeleze iintambo zezwi. Kuqhelekile kwiintsana nakubantwana.

Croup ichaphazela abantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwi-5 iminyaka. Inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Abanye abantwana banakho amathuba okuba bafumane i-croup kwaye banokuyifumana ngamaxesha amaninzi. Ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kuka-Okthobha ukuya ku-Epreli, kodwa inokwenzeka nanini na enyakeni.

I-Croup idla ngokubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezinjenge-parainfluenza RSV, imasisi, i-adenovirus kunye ne-influenza. Iimeko ezibi kakhulu zecroup zinokubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-bacterial tracheitis.

Iimpawu ezifana necroup nazo zinokubangelwa:

• Umzimba
• Ukuphefumla kwinto ecaphukisa indlela yakho yomoya
• Reflux yeasidi

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-croup kukukhohlela okuvakala ngathi kukukhonkotha kwetywina.

Uninzi lwabantwana luya kuba nefiva ebandayo kunye neqondo eliphantsi lomkhuhlane iintsuku ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba ukhwehlele ukukhwehlela kunye nelizwi elirhabaxa. Njengoko ukukhwehlela kusiba rhoqo, umntwana unokuba nengxaki yokuphefumla okanye i-stridor (ingxolo erhabaxa, enomsindo xa uphefumla).

I-Croup ixhaphake kakhulu ebusuku. Ihlala ihlala ubusuku obu-5 okanye obu-6. Ubusuku bokuqala okanye ezimbini zihlala zimbi kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-croup inokuhlala iiveki.Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba i-croup ihlala ixesha elide kuneveki okanye ibuye rhoqo.

Umboneleli wakho uya kuthatha imbali yezonyango kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zomntwana wakho. Umboneleli uya kuvavanya isifuba somntwana wakho ukujonga:

• Kunzima ukuphefumla ngaphakathi nangaphandle
• Isandi sokubetha umlozi
• Ukuncipha komoya uphefumla
• Ukurhoxiswa kwesifuba ngokuphefumla

Uvavanyo lomqala lunokubonisa i-epiglottis ebomvu. Kwiimeko ezimbalwa, ii-ray-ray okanye olunye uvavanyo lunokufuneka.

I-x-ray yentamo ingabonisa into yangaphandle okanye ukunciphisa i-trachea.

Uninzi lweziganeko zecroup zinokulawulwa ngokukhuselekileyo ekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ubize umniki-nkonzo wakho ngengcebiso, kwanaphakathi kobusuku.

Amanyathelo onokuwathatha ekhaya aquka:

• Veza umntwana wakho kumoya opholileyo okanye ofumileyo, njengakwigumbi lokuhlambela elinomphunga okanye ngaphandle emoyeni opholileyo wasebusuku. Oku kunokubonelela ngesiqabu sokuphefumla.
• Misela i-vaporizer yomoya opholileyo kwigumbi lokulala lomntwana kwaye uyisebenzise ubusuku obumbalwa.
• Yenza umntwana wakho akhululeke ngokunika i-acetaminophen. Eli yeza likwathoba umkhuhlane ukuze umntwana angabinako ukuphefumla nzima.
• Gwema amayeza okukhwehlela ngaphandle kokuba uxoxe ngawo nomboneleli wakho kuqala.

Umboneleli wakho unokumisela amayeza, anje ngala:

• Amayeza e-Steroid athathwe ngomlomo okanye nge-inhaler
• Iyeza le-Antibiotic (kwezinye, kodwa hayi kakhulu)

Umntwana wakho unokufuna ukunyangwa kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye ukuhlala esibhedlele ukuba:

• Yiba neengxaki zokuphefumla ezingapheliyo okanye ziba zimbi
• Yiba udinwe kakhulu ngenxa yeengxaki zokuphefumla
• Unombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• Awuseli manzi ngokwaneleyo

Amayeza kunye nonyango olusetyenziswa esibhedlele lunokubandakanya:

• Amayeza okuphefumla anikezwe ngomatshini we-nebulizer
• Amayeza eSteroid anikwa ngomthambo (IV)
• Intente yeoksijini ibekwe phezu kwebhedi
• Ulwelo olunikwa ngomthambo wokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikezelwa ngomthambo

Rhoqo, ityhubhu yokuphefumla ngeempumlo okanye ngomlomo iya kufuneka ukunceda umntwana wakho aphefumle.

I-Croup idla ngokuba mnene, kodwa isenokuba yingozi. Ihlala ihamba kakhulu kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7.

Izicubu ezigubungela i-trachea (i-windpipe) ibizwa ngokuba yi-epiglottis. Ukuba i-epiglottis iyasuleleka, yonke into enomoya inokudumba ivalwe. Le yimeko esongela ubomi.

Ukuba ukuvalwa kwendlela yomoya kunganyangwa ngokukhawuleza, umntwana unokuba nengxaki yokuphefumla okanye yokuphefumla inokuyeka ngokupheleleyo.

Uninzi lwecroup lunokulawulwa ngokukhuselekileyo ekhaya ngenkxaso yefowuni evela kumboneleli wakho. Biza umnikezeli wakho ukuba umntwana wakho akaphenduli kunyango lwasekhaya okanye wenza into ecaphukisayo.

Tsalela umnxeba kwi-911 ngoko nangoko ukuba:

• Iimpawu zeCroup kusenokwenzeka ukuba zibangelwe kukuhlatywa zizinambuzane okanye kukungenisa into ngaphakathi.
• Umntwana wakho unemilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye umbala wolusu.
• Umntwana wakho uvuza amathe.
• Umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuginya.
• Kukho i-stridor (ingxolo xa uphefumla).
• Kukho ukutsala-ngaphakathi kwezihlunu phakathi kweembambo xa uphefumla ngaphakathi.
• Umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Amanye amanyathelo aza kuthathwa ukuthintela usulelo ngala:

• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo kwaye uphephe ukunxibelelana nabantu abanesifo sokuphefumla.
• Ugonyo olufike ngexesha. Udiphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae (Hib), kunye nemithi yokugonya yemasisi ikhusela abantwana kwezinye zeendlela eziyingozi kakhulu zecrroup.

Intsholongwane; Ilaryngotracheobronchitis; I-crasm ye-Spasmodic; Ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela; Laryngotracheitis

• Amaphaphu
• Umqala womzimba
• Ibhokisi yelizwi

UJames P, uHanna S. Uphezulu wothintelo lomoya kubantwana. Ku: Bersten AD, Handy JM, ii-eds. Incwadana yoKhathalelo oluKhulu. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 106.

URodrigues KK, uRoosevelt GE. Ukuphazamiseka kwendlela ephezulu yomoya (croup, epiglottitis, laryngitis, kunye ne-bacterial tracheitis). Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 412.

URose E. Unyango olungxamisekileyo lokuphefumla kwabantwana: ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yomoya ephezulu kunye nosulelo. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 167.

Yellon RF, Chi DH. I-Otolaryngology. Ku: Zitelli BJ, McIntire Sc, Nowalk AJ, ii-eds. UZitelli no-Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 24.