Umbhobho weenyembezi othintelweyo

I-duct evaliweyo ibhlokile inxenye okanye igcwele ukuvaleka kwindlela ehambisa iinyembezi ebusweni bamehlo ukuya empumlweni.

Iinyembezi zihlala zisenziwa ukunceda ukukhusela umphezulu wamehlo akho. Bangena kumngxunya omncinci kakhulu (ipunctum) kwikona yeliso lakho, kufutshane nempumlo. Oku kuvulwa kukungena kwi-nasolacrimal duct. Ukuba le ndlela ivaliwe, iinyembezi ziya kwakha zize ziphuphume esidleleni. Oku kwenzeka nokuba awulili.

Kubantwana, i-duct ayinakuphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo ekuzalweni. Ingavalwa okanye igutyungelwe yifilimu encinci, ebangela ukuvalwa kancinci.

Kubantu abadala, i-duct ingonakaliswa sisifo, ukonzakala, okanye ithumba.

Olona phawu luphambili kukwanda kokukrazuka (i-epiphora), ebangela ukuba iinyembezi ziphuphume ebusweni okanye esidleleni. Kwiintsana, oku kukrazuka kuyabonakala kwiiveki zokuqala ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokuzalwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iinyembezi zinokubonakala ngathi ziyatyeba. Iinyembezi zingasoma kwaye ziqhume.

Ukuba kukho ubofu emehlweni okanye iinkophe ziyaxinga, usana lwakho lunokuba nosulelo lwamehlo olubizwa ngokuba yi-conjunctivitis.

Uninzi lwexesha, umboneleli wezempilo akazukufuna ukwenza naluphi na uvavanyo.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwamehlo
• Ibala elikhethekileyo lamehlo (i-fluorescein) ukubona indlela iinyembezi eziphumayo ngayo
• Izifundo ze-X-ray zokuvavanya i-duct yeinyembezi (kunqabile ukuba yenziwe)

Zicoce ngononophelo iinkophe usebenzisa ilaphu lokuhlamba elifudumeleyo nelimanzi ukuba iinyembezi ziyakha kwaye zishiya uqweqwe.

Kubantwana, unokuzama ukuthambisa indawo leyo kabini ukuya kathathu ngemini. Sebenzisa umnwe ococekileyo, gcoba indawo ukusuka kwikona yangaphakathi yamehlo uye empumlweni. Oku kunokunceda ukuvula i-duct yeinyembezi.

Uninzi lwexesha, i-duct yeinyembezi iya kuvulwa yodwa ngexesha lokuba usana lube nonyaka omnye. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, uphando kusenokufuneka. Le nkqubo ihlala isenziwa kusetyenziswa i-anesthesia ngokubanzi, ke umntwana uya kulala kwaye akabi nazintlungu. Iphantse ihlale iphumelela.

Kubantu abadala, unobangela wokuvalelwa kufuneka anyangwe. Oku kunokuvula kwakhona i-duct ukuba akukho monakalo mkhulu. Utyando kusetyenziswa iityhubhu ezincinci okanye isententi ukuvula indlela kunokufuneka ukubuyisela umjelo oqhelekileyo weinyembezi.

Kubantwana, i-duct evaliweyo iya kuhlala ihamba yedwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nonyaka omnye. Ukuba akunjalo, isiphumo sisenokuba sihle ngokuvavanywa.

Kubantu abadala, umbono wendlela evaliweyo evaliweyo iyahluka, kuxhomekeka kwisizathu kunye nokuba kuthintelwe ixesha elingakanani ukubakho.

Ukuvalwa kwe-duct ukuvala kungakhokelela kusulelo (i-dacryocystitis) kwinxalenye ye-nasolacrimal duct ebizwa ngokuba yi-lacrimal sac. Rhoqo, kukho iqhuma ecaleni kwempumlo kanye kwikona yamehlo. Unyango koku kuhlala kufuna i-antibiotics yomlomo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingxowa ifuna ukucocwa.

Ukuvalwa kwe-duct ukuvala kunganyusa nethuba lolunye usulelo, njenge-conjunctivitis.

Jonga umboneleli wakho ukuba uphuphume iinyembezi esidleleni. Unyango lwangaphambili luyimpumelelo ngakumbi. Kwimeko yethumba, unyango lwakwangoko lusindisa ubomi.

Amatyala amaninzi akanakuthintelwa. Unyango olufanelekileyo lwezifo zempumlo kunye nokudibana kunganciphisa umngcipheko wokuba neendlela ezivaliweyo zokulila. Sebenzisa i-eyewear zokukhusela kunokunceda ukuthintela ukubhloka okubangelwa kukwenzakala.

IDacryostenosis; I-duct ye-nasolacrimal evaliweyo; Isithintelo se-Nasolacrimal duct (NLDO)

• Umbhobho weenyembezi othintelweyo

UDolman PJ, uHurwitz JJ. Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-lacrimal. Ku: Fay A, Dolman PJ, ii-eds. Izifo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-Orbit kunye neOcular Adnexa. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 30.

U-Olitsky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-lacrimal. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 643.

Isalmon JF. Inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka. Ku: Isalmon JF, ed. I-Ophthalmology yeklinikhi yaseKanski. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 3.