I-subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

I-Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) sisifo esiqhubela phambili, esikhubazayo, kunye nesifo esibulalayo esinxulumene nosuleleko lwemasisi (rubeola).

Esi sifo sikhula kwiminyaka emininzi emva kokusuleleka kwimasisi.

Ngokwesiqhelo, intsholongwane yemasisi ayibangeli monakalo wengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, impendulo engaqhelekanga yokuzikhusela kwizifo zemasisi okanye, mhlawumbi, iindlela ezithile eziguqukayo zentsholongwane zinokubangela ukugula kakhulu kunye nokufa. Le mpendulo ikhokelela kukudumba kwengqondo (ukudumba kunye nokucaphuka) okunokuhlala iminyaka.

I-SSPE ixeliwe kuzo zonke iindawo zehlabathi, kodwa kumazwe asentshona sisifo esinqabileyo.

Ambalwa kakhulu amatyala abonwayo e-United States okoko yaqala inkqubo yokugonya imasisi kwilizwe lonke. I-SSPE ithanda ukwenzeka kwiminyaka eliqela emva kokuba umntu enemasisi, nangona umntu ebonakala ukuba uchache ngokupheleleyo ekuguleni. Amadoda achaphazeleka rhoqo kunabasetyhini. Esi sifo ngokubanzi senzeka ebantwaneni nakwishumi elivisayo.

Iimpawu ze-SSPE zenzeka ngokwamanqanaba amane ngokubanzi. Kwinqanaba ngalinye, iimpawu zibi kakhulu kunangaphambili:

• Inqanaba I: Kusenokubakho utshintsho kubuntu, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, okanye uxinzelelo. Umkhuhlane kunye nentloko inokubakho. Eli nqanaba linokufikelela kwiinyanga ezi-6.
• Isigaba II: Kunokubakho iingxaki zokuhamba ezingalawulwayo kubandakanya ukubetha kunye nokuqaqanjelwa yimisipha. Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke kweli nqanaba kukuphulukana nombono, isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kunye nokubanjwa.
• Isigaba sesi-III: Ukuhamba kweJerking kuthatyathwa yintshukumo yokujija (ukujija) kunye nokuqina. Ukufa kunokubakho ngenxa yeengxaki.
• Isigaba IV: Iindawo zobuchopho ezilawula ukuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni isiqaqa nokufa.

Kunokubakho imbali yemasisi emntwaneni ongagonywanga. Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa:

• Ukonakala kwimbonakalo ye-optic, ejongene nokubona
• Ukonakala kwi-retina, icandelo leliso elifumana ukukhanya
• Ukuxhuma kwezihlunu
• Ukusebenza kakubi kwiimoto (ukuhamba) iimvavanyo zokulungelelanisa

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa:

• I-Electroencephalogram (i-EEG)
• I-Brain MRI
• Isihloko seSerum antibody ukujonga iimpawu zosulelo lwangaphambili lwemasisi
• Impompo yomqolo

Akukho lunyango lwe-SSPE lukhoyo. Unyango ngokubanzi lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu. Amachiza amachiza antiviral kunye neziyobisi ezonyusa amajoni omzimba zinokuzama ukuthintela ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Ezi zixhobo zilandelayo zinokubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwi-SSPE:

• IZiko leLizwe leZiphazamiso ze-Neurological and Stroke - www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Subacute-Sclerosing-Panencephalitis-Information-Page
• Umbutho weSizwe woNxunguphalo oluNqabileyo- rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/subacute-sclerosing-panencephalitis/

I-SSPE ihlala ibulala. Abantu abanesi sifo bafa kwiminyaka emi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokuxilongwa. Abanye abantu banokuphila ixesha elide.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo ukuba umntwana wakho akazigqibanga izitofu zokugonya ezicwangcisiweyo. Isitofu sokuthintela imasisi siqukiwe kwisitofu sokugonya seMMR.

Ugonyo kwimasisi kukuphela kothintelo olwaziwayo lwe-SSPE. Isitofu sokuthintela imasisi sisebenze kakhulu ekunciphiseni inani labantwana abachaphazelekayo.

Ukugonywa kwemasisi kufuneka kwenziwe ngokwe-American Academy ye-Pediatrics kunye namaZiko eShedyuli yoLawulo lwezifo.

I-SSPE; Iscilling sclerosing leukoencephalitis; Enesphalitis Dawson; Imasisi - SSPE; URubeola - SSPE

IGershon AA. Intsholongwane yeMasisi (rubeola). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 160.

IMason WH, iiGans HA. Imasisi. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 273.