I-nevus enkulu yokuzalwa

I-congenital pigmented okanye i-melanocytic nevus ngumbala omnyama, uhlala uboya, isikhumba. Ikho ekuzalweni okanye ivela kunyaka wokuqala wobomi.

I-nevus enkulu yokuzalwa incinci kwiintsana nasebantwaneni, kodwa ihlala iqhubeka ikhula njengoko umntwana ekhula. I-nevus enkulu enemibala inkulu kuneesentimitha eziyi-15 (40 cm) xa iyekile ukukhula.

La manqaku acingelwa ukuba abangelwa ziingxaki zeemelanocyte ezingasasazeki ngokulinganayo njengoko usana lukhula esibelekweni. IiMelanocyte ziiseli zolusu ezivelisa imelanin, enika ulusu umbala wayo. I-nevus inexabiso elikhulu ngokungaqhelekanga le-melanocytes.

Imeko kucingelwa ukuba ibangelwa sisiphene semfuza.

Le meko inokwenzeka nge:

• Ukukhula kweeseli ezinamanqatha
• I-Neurofibromatosis (isifo esizuzwe njengelifa esibandakanya utshintsho kumbala wolusu kunye nezinye iimpawu)
• Enye i-nevi (moles)
• Ispina bifida (isiphene sokuzalwa emqolo)
• Ukubandakanya inwebu yengqondo kunye nentambo yomqolo xa i-nevus ichaphazela indawo enkulu kakhulu

I-pigment encinci ye-congenital pigmented okanye i-melanocytic nevi ixhaphakile ebantwaneni kwaye ayizibangeli ngxaki amaxesha amaninzi. Invi enkulu okanye enkulu inqabile.

I-nevus iya kuvela njengepakethi enemibala emnyama kunye nokunye oku kulandelayo:

• Umdaka ngombala omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• Iinwele
• Rhoqo okanye imida engalinganiyo
• Iindawo ezincinci ezichaphazelekayo kufutshane nevi enkulu (mhlawumbi)
• Ubushelelezi, obungaqhelekanga, okanye ubuso besikhumba obufana nentsumpa

I-Nevi ifunyanwa kwiindawo eziphezulu okanye ezisezantsi zomqolo okanye isisu. Banokufumaneka kwi:

• Izixhobo
• Imilenze
• Umlomo
• Inwebu yencindi
• Iiplanga okanye iinyawo

Kuya kufuneka zonke iimpawu zokuzalwa zijongwe ngumboneleli wezempilo. I-biopsy yolusu ingafuneka ukujonga iiseli zomhlaza.

I-MRI yengqondo inokwenziwa ukuba i-nevus ingaphezulu komqolo. I-nevus enkulu emqolo inokunxulunyaniswa neengxaki zobuchopho.

Umboneleli wakho uya kulinganisa indawo emnyama yesikhumba minyaka le kwaye angathatha imifanekiso ukujonga ukuba indawo iyakhula na.

Kuya kufuneka ube neemviwo rhoqo ukujonga umhlaza wolusu.

Utyando lokususa i-nevus lunokwenziwa ngezizathu zokuthambisa okanye ukuba umboneleli wakho ucinga ukuba kunokuba ngumhlaza wolusu. Ukudityaniswa kolusu kwenziwa xa kufuneka njalo. I-nevi enkulu inokufuna ukususwa ngokwamanqanaba aliqela.

I-Lasers kunye nedermabrasion (ukuzihlikihla) zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukubonakala. Olu nyango alunakususa yonke indawo yokuzalwa, kunganzima ukufumana umhlaza wolusu (melanoma). Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zokuhlinzwa.

Unyango lunokuba luncedo ukuba uphawu lokuzalwa lubangela iingxaki zeemvakalelo ngenxa yendlela ezijongeka ngayo.

Umhlaza wolusu unokukhula kwabanye abantu abane-nevi enkulu okanye enkulu. Umngcipheko womhlaza uphezulu kwi-nevi enkulu ngobukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayaziwa ukuba ukususa i-nevus kunciphisa loo mngcipheko.

Ukuba nevi enkulu kunokukhokelela ku:

• Uxinzelelo kunye nezinye iingxaki zeemvakalelo ukuba i-nevi ichaphazela ukubonakala
• Umhlaza wolusu (melanoma)

Le meko ihlala ifunyaniswa ngokuzalwa. Thetha kumboneleli womntwana wakho ukuba umntwana wakho unendawo enkulu enemibala naphina kulusu lwakhe.

Ukuzalwa kwe-neus enkulu ye-pigmented; I-nevus enkulu enoboya; I-nevus enkulu enemibala; Isiqu ukuhlamba nevus; Neus melanocytic azalwe - enkulu

• Neus azalwe esiswini

IHabif TP. I-Nevi kunye ne-melanoma enobungozi. Ku: Habif TP, ed. Zonyango lwezonyango. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2016: isahluko 22.

IHosler GA, ePatterson JW. I-Lentigines, nevi, kunye ne-melanomas. Ku: Patterson JW, ed. Weedon's Ulusu lwezifo. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 32.