Umongikazi-mzalikazi oqinisekisiweyo

IMBALI YOBUCHULE

Umongikazi-umbelekisi ubuyela emva kwi-1925 e-United States. Inkqubo yokuqala isebenzise abongikazi ababhalisiweyo kwezempilo abafundiswe eNgilane. Abahlengikazi banikezela ngeenkonzo zempilo zosapho, kunye nokuzala kunye nokunakekelwa, kumaziko okonga kwiintaba zeAppalachian. Inkqubo yokuqala yokufundisa ababelekisi eUnited States yaqala ngo-1932.

Namhlanje, zonke iinkqubo zobuhlengikazi kunye nokubelekisa zikwiikholeji nakwiiyunivesithi. Uninzi lwabongikazi ababelekisi abaphumeleleyo kwinqanaba le-Master's degree. Ezi nkqubo kufuneka zivunywe yiKholeji yaseMelika yaBongikazi (i-ACNM) ukwenzela ukuba abafundi baphumelele uviwo lweSizwe. Abafakizicelo beenkqubo zokuba ngumongikazi-umbelekisi bahlala bebhalisiwe njengabahlengikazi kwaye ubuncinci baneminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwi-2 yamava obuhlengikazi.

Abongikazi ababelekisi baphucule iinkonzo zokhathalelo lwempilo kwabasetyhini abakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni nasezidolophini. IZiko leSizwe lezoNyango licebise ukuba ababelekisi ababelekisi banikwe indima enkulu ekunikezeleni ngononophelo lwempilo yabasetyhini.

Izifundo ezininzi kule minyaka ingama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 idlulileyo zibonise ukuba ababelekisi banakho ukulawula uninzi lwasemva kokubeleka (kubandakanya ukubeleka, ukubeleka kunye nasemva kokubeleka). Baye bakulungela ukuhambisa uninzi locwangciso-ntsapho kunye neemfuno zesini sabasetyhini bayo yonke iminyaka. Abanye banokujonga kwaye baphathe ukugula okuqhelekileyo kwabantu abadala, ngokunjalo.

Abongikazi ababelekisi basebenza noogqirha be-OB / GYN. Banokudibana okanye babhekise kwabanye ababoneleli ngezempilo kwiimeko ezingaphaya kwamava abo. Ezi meko zinokubandakanya ukukhulelwa okusemngciphekweni omkhulu kunye nokhathalelo lwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanesifo esinganyangekiyo.

UBUDE BENKQUBO

Umongikazi-umbelekisi ufundisiwe kwaye uqeqeshelwe ukubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zononophelo lwempilo kwabasetyhini kunye neentsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa. Umongikazi-umbelekisi oqinisekisiweyo (CNM) imisebenzi ibandakanya:

• Ukuthatha imbali yezonyango, kunye nokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba
• Uku-odola iimvavanyo zaselebhu kunye neenkqubo
• Ukulawula unyango
• Ukuqhuba imisebenzi ekhuthaza impilo yabasetyhini kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko kwimpilo

Ii-CNM zivunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuba zibhale imigqaliselo kwamanye amazwe, kodwa hayi kwamanye.

IZILUNGISELELO ZOKUSEBENZA

Ii-CNM zisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunokubandakanya ezabucala, imibutho yolondolozo lwempilo (HMOs), izibhedlele, amasebe ezempilo, kunye namaziko okubelekisa. Ii-CNM zihlala zibonelela ngononophelo kubantu abangafumanekanga kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni okanye ngaphakathi kwizixeko.

UMGAQO WENKQUBO

Abongikazi ababelekisi abaqinisekisiweyo balawulwa kumanqanaba amabini ahlukeneyo. Ilayisenisi yenzeka kwinqanaba likarhulumente kwaye iwela phantsi kwemithetho ethile yelizwe. Njengabanye abongikazi abasebenza phambili, iimfuno zelayisensi yee-CNM zinokwahluka ngokwamazwe ngurhulumente.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwenziwa ngombutho wesizwe kwaye onke amazwe aneemfuno ezifanayo kwimigangatho yokusebenza yobungcali. Kuphela ngabafundi abaphumeleleyo kwiinkqubo zabahlengikazi kunye nababelethisi abagunyazisiweyo yi-ACNM abanelungelo lokuthatha uviwo lokunikezelwa yi-ACNM Certification Council, Inc.

Umongikazi ongumbelekisi; I-CNM

Ikholeji yaseMelika yoNesi-ababelekisi. Ingxelo yokuBekwa kwe-ACNM. Midwifery / Nurse-Midwifery imfundo kunye nesatifikethi e-United States. www.midwife.org/ACNM/files/ACNMLibraryData/UPLOADFILENAME/000000000077/Certified-Midwifery-and-Nurse-Midwifery-Education-and-Certification-MAR2016.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Matshi 2016. Kufikeleleke ngoJulayi19, 2019.

Thorp JM, Laughon SK. Iinkalo zonyango lwezinto eziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga zabasebenzi. Ku: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Isilivere RM, ii-eds. I-Creasy kunye neResnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 43.