Utyando lweCarotid-luvulekile

Utyando lweCarotid yinkqubo yokuphatha isifo semithambo ye-carotid.

Umthambo we-carotid uzisa igazi elifunekayo kwingqondo yakho nasebusweni. Unenye yezi mithambo kwicala ngalinye lentamo yakho. Ukuhamba kwegazi kulo mthambo kunokuba yinxalenye okanye kuthintelwe ngokupheleleyo zizinto ezinamanqatha ezibizwa ngokuba yicwecwe. Oku kunokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwingqondo yakho kwaye kubangele ukubetha.

Utyando lweCarotid lwenziwa ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi okufanelekileyo kwingqondo. Kukho iinkqubo ezimbini zokunyanga i-carotid artery ene-plaque buildup kuyo. Eli nqaku ligxile kuqhaqho olubizwa ngokuba yi-endarterectomy. Enye indlela ibizwa ngokuba yi-angioplasty ngokubekwa kwesitent.

Ngexesha le-carotid endarterectomy:

• Ufumana ianesthesia ngokubanzi. Ulele kwaye akukho zintlungu. Ezinye izibhedlele zisebenzisa i-anesthesia yendawo endaweni yoko. Kuphela lilungu lomzimba osebenza kulo elinamayeza ukuze ungaziva zintlungu. Unikwa nelinye iyeza lokukunceda uphumle.
• Ulele ngomqolo kwitafile esebenzayo intloko ijike kwelinye icala. Icala umthambo wakho ovaliweyo we-carotid ujonge phezulu.
• Ugqirha wenza ukusika (ukusika) entanyeni yakho ngaphezulu komthambo wakho we-carotid. Umbhobho oguqukayo (i-catheter) ufakwa kwimithambo. Igazi lihamba ngekatheter ejikeleze indawo evaliweyo ngexesha lotyando.
• Umthambo wakho we-carotid uyavulwa. Ugqirha ususa i-plaque ngaphakathi kwe-artery.
• Emva kokuba i-plaque isuswe, umthambo uyavalwa ngemithungo. Igazi ngoku liphuma emithanjeni liye kwingqondo yakho.
• Umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho uya kujongwa ngeliso elibukhali ngexesha lotyando.

Olu tyando luthatha malunga neeyure ezi-2. Emva kwenkqubo, ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthambo uvuliwe.

Le nkqubo yenziwa ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumene ukunciphisa okanye ukuvalwa kwithambo lakho le-carotid. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuba enze uvavanyo olunye okanye nangaphezulu ukuze abone ukuba umthambo we-carotid uvaliwe kangakanani.

Utyando lokususa i-buildup kwimithambo yakho ye-carotid inokwenziwa ukuba umthambo uncitshiswe ngaphezulu kwe-70%.

Ukuba uye wabethwa sistroke okanye wonzakala okwethutyana engqondweni, umboneleli wakho uya kuqaphela ukuba ngaba ukunyanga umthambo wakho ovaliweyo ngotyando kukhuselekile kuwe.

Olunye ukhetho lonyango umboneleli wakho aya kuxoxa nawe zezi:

• Akukho lunyango, ngaphandle kovavanyo lokujonga umthambo we-carotid minyaka le.
• Amayeza kunye nokutya ukunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho.
• Amayeza okucutha igazi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo. Amanye ala mayeza yi-aspirin, i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), i-dabigatran (i-Pradaxa), ne-warfarin (i-Coumadin).

I-Carotid angioplasty kunye ne-stenting inokusetyenziswa xa i-endarterectomy ye-carotid ingakhuselekanga.

Iingozi zeanesthesia zezi:

• Ukunyanga kwamayeza kunyango
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla

Iingozi zotyando lwe-carotid zezi:

• Amahlwili egazi okanye ukopha kwingqondo
• Umonakalo wobuchopho
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukuvaleka ngakumbi komthambo wecarotid ekuhambeni kwexesha
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukubetha
• Ukudumba kufutshane nendlela yakho yomoya (ityhubhu ophefumla kuyo)
• Usulelo

Umboneleli wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ayalele iimvavanyo zonyango ezininzi.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ngawaphi amayeza owathathayo, nditsho amayeza, izongezo, okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo.

Ngexesha leeveki ezi-2 ngaphambi kotyando lwakho:

• Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando, kusenokufuneka uyeke ukuthatha iziyobisi ezicothisa igazi. Oku kubandakanya i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), clopidogrel (Plavix), naprosyn (Aleve, Naproxen), kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezinje ngezi.
• Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ngawaphi amayeza ekufuneka uwathathe ngosuku lotyando lwakho.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, kufuneka uyeke. Buza umboneleli wakho ngoncedo lokuyeka.
• Tshela umboneleli wakho malunga nayiphi na into ebandayo, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, okanye esinye isigulo onokuthi ubenaso ngaphambi kotyando.

Landela imiyalelo yokuba uyeke nini ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.

Ngomhla wotyando lwakho:

• Thatha nawaphi na amayeza umboneleli wakho amiselweyo ngesiphunga esincinci samanzi.
• Landela imiyalelo ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele. Qiniseka ukuba ufika ngexesha.

Unokuba nomsele entanyeni yakho oya kuseto lwakho. Iya kukhupha ulwelo olwakha kuloo ndawo. Iya kususwa kungaphelanga usuku.

Emva kotyando, umboneleli wakho unokufuna ukuba uhlale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke ukuze abongikazi bakwazi ukujonga kuwe nayiphi na imiqondiso yokuphuma kwegazi, ukubetha, okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kwegazi kwingqondo yakho. Unokwazi ukugoduka kwangolo suku ukuba umsebenzi wakho wenziwe kwangoko ngemini kwaye uqhuba kakuhle.

Landela imiyalelo yendlela yokuzikhathalela ekhaya.

Utyando lweCarotid lunokunceda ukunciphisa amathuba akho okuba nesifo. Kodwa kuya kufuneka wenze utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ukuze uncede ukuthintela ukwakhiwa kweplate, amahlwili egazi, kunye nezinye iingxaki kwimithambo yakho yecarotid ekuhambeni kwexesha. Kuya kufuneka utshintshe indlela otya ngayo kwaye uqalise inkqubo yokuzilolonga, ukuba umboneleli wakho ukuxelela ukuba umthambo ukhuselekile kuwe. Kubalulekile nokuyeka ukutshaya.

Endarterectomy yeCarotid; Utyando lwe-CAS; Carotid umthambo stenosis - utyando; I-Endarterectomy-umthambo weCarotid

• I-Angioplasty kunye nokubekwa kwindawo entle-umthambo we-carotid-ukukhutshwa
• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Ibhotolo, imajarini neeoli zokupheka
• Utyando lweCarotid-ukukhutshwa
• Cholesterol kunye nendlela yokuphila
• Cholesterol - unyango lweziyobisi
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Kuchazwe amafutha ezempilo
• Iingcebiso zokutya okukhawulezayo
• Ufunda njani iilebheli zokutya
• Ukutya kweMeditera
• Stroke - ukubhobhoza
• Unonophelo lwenxeba lotyando - luvulekile

• ICarotid stenosis -I-X-ray yomthambo wasekhohlo
• ICarotid stenosis -I-X-ray yomthambo olungileyo
• Iinyembezi ezijikelezayo kwimithambo yangaphakathi ye-carotid
• I-atherosclerosis yemithambo yangaphakathi ye-carotid
• Ukwakhiwa kwamatye e-arterial
• Utyando lweCarotid umthambo-uthotho

UArnold M, uPerler BA. ICarotid endarterectomy. Ku: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, ii-eds. Utshintsho lukaRutherford lweeVascular and Therapy ze-Endovascular Therapy. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 91.

UBiller J, uRuland S, uSchneck MJ. Ischemic isifo se-cerebrovascular. KwiDaroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 65.

UBrott TG, uHalperin JL, u-Abbara S, et al. Ukuchaneka I-2011 ASA / ACCF / AHA / AANN / AANS / ACR / ASNR / CNS / SAIP / SCAI / SIR / SNIS / SVM / SVS isikhokelo kulawulo lwezigulana ezine-extracranial carotid kunye nesifo se-artebral artery disease: isishwankathelo sesigqeba: ingxelo yaseMelika Ikholeji yeCardiology Foundation / iAmerican Heart Association Task Force kwiZikhokelo zokuziqhelanisa, kunye neAmerican Stroke Association, American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American College of Radiology, American Society of Neuroradiology, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Society of Atherosclerosis UkuCinga nokuThintela, uMbutho weAriyadiyali yeAngiography kunye nongenelelo, uMbutho woNyango lweeRadiology, uMbutho weUkuhlinzwa ngokuNyanga, uMbutho weyeza leVascular, kunye noMbutho woNyango lweVascular. Iphuhliswe ngentsebenziswano neAmerican Academy ye-Neurology kunye noMbutho weComputer weComputer Tomography. ICatheter Cardiovasc Interv. Ngo-2013; 81 (1): E76-E123. IINKCUKACHA: 23281092 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23281092/.

UBrott TG, uHoward G, uRoubin GS, et al. Iziphumo zexesha elide zokuqhafaza xa kuthelekiswa ne-endarterectomy ye-carotid-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med. Ngo-2016; 374 (11): 1021-1031. IINKCUKACHA: 26890472 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26890472/.

IHolscher CM, Iabularrage CJ. ICarotid endarterectomy. Ku: ICameron AM, uCameron JL, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lonyango. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2020: 928-933.