Izitulo ezimnyama okanye ezilindileyo

Izitulo ezimnyama okanye ezilindileyo ezinevumba elibi luphawu lwengxaki kwindawo yokugaya ephezulu. Ihlala ibonisa ukuba kuphuma isisu, isisu esincinci, okanye kwicala lasekunene lekholoni.

Igama elithi melena lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza oku kufunyanisiweyo.

Ukutya i-licorice emnyama, iiblueberries, isoseji yegazi okanye ukuthatha iipilisi zentsimbi, amalahle asebenzayo, okanye amayeza ane-bismuth (njengePepto-Bismol), nayo inokubangela izitulo ezimnyama. Iibhontshi kunye nokutya okunombala obomvu ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenza ukuba izitulo zibonakale zibomvu. Kuzo zonke ezi meko, ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya isitulo ngeekhemikhali ukukhusela ubukho begazi.

Ukopha kwi-esophagus okanye isisu (njengesifo sesilonda sesilonda) kunokubangela ukuba uhlanze igazi.

Umbala wegazi kwizitulo unokubonisa umthombo wokopha.

• Izitulo ezimnyama okanye ezilindileyo zinokubangelwa kukopha kwinxalenye ephezulu ye-GI (emathunjini), njenge-esophagus, isisu, okanye inxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci. Kule meko, igazi limnyama kuba liyetyiswa kwindlela yalo ngokusebenzisa iphecana le-GI.
• Igazi elibomvu okanye elitsha kwizitulo (ukuphuma kwegazi), luphawu lokopha kumazantsi e-GI tract (rectum and anus).

Izilonda ze-Peptic zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ekuphumeni kwegazi okuphezulu. Izitulo ezimnyama nezokulinda zinokwenzeka ngenxa:

• Imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga
• Ukulila kwi-esophagus ekugabheni ngamandla (IMallory-Weiss iinyembezi)
• Ukunikezelwa kwegazi kunqunyulwa kwinxalenye yamathumbu
• Ukudumba kwesisu esiswini (gastritis)
• Umothuko okanye iqumrhu langaphandle
• Ukwandiswa, iimvini ezigqithisileyo (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-varices) kwi-esophagus kunye nesisu, esivame ukubangelwa yi-cirrhosis yesibindi
• Umhlaza wesifo, isisu, okanye i-duodenum okanye i-ampulla

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo kwangoko ukuba:

• Uyaqaphela igazi okanye utshintsho kumbala wesitulo sakho
• Ugabha igazi
• Uziva unesiyezi okanye unentloko elula

Kubantwana, inani elincinci legazi esitokisini kaninzi alibi kakhulu. Esona sizathu siqhelekileyo kukuqhinwa. Kuya kufuneka uxelele umboneleli womntwana wakho ukuba uyayiqaphela le ngxaki.

Umboneleli wakho uya kuthatha imbali yezonyango kwaye enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Uviwo luya kugxila kwisisu sakho.

Usenokubuzwa le mibuzo ilandelayo:

• Ngaba uthatha ii-thinner zegazi, ezinje nge-aspirin, warfarin, Eliquis, Pradaxa, Xarelto, okanye clopidogrel, okanye amayeza afanayo? Ngaba uthatha i-NSAID, enje nge-ibuprofen okanye naproxen?
• Ngaba ukhe wanomothuko okanye waginya into yasemzini ngengozi?
• Ngaba ukhe wayitya ilicorice emnyama, ekhokelayo, iPepto-Bismol, okanye iiblueberries?
• Ngaba unesiqingatha segazi kwisitulo sakho? Ngaba zonke izitulo zinje?
• Ngaba uye wehla nakuphi na ukutyeba kutsha nje?
• Ngaba kukho igazi kwiphepha langasese kuphela?
• Umbala wantoni?
• Yaqala nini ingxaki?
• Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu ezikhoyo (iintlungu zesisu, ukugabha igazi, ukudumba, igesi egqithisileyo, urhudo, okanye umkhuhlane)?

Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube novavanyo olunye okanye nangaphezulu ukukhangela unobangela:

• I-Angiography
• Ukuskena ukopha (iyeza lenyukliya)
• Izifundo zegazi, kubandakanya ukubala okupheleleyo kwegazi (i-CBC) kunye nolwahluko, i-serum chemistries, izifundo ezijiyisayo
• Colonoscopy
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy okanye i-EGD
• Isitulo senkcubeko
• Uvavanyo lobukho be Helicobacter pylori usulelo
• Capsule endoscopy (ipilisi eyakhiwe kwikhamera ethatha ividiyo yamathumbu amancinci)
• Iibhaluni ezimbini ze-enteroscopy (indawo enokufikelela kwiindawo zesisu esincinci ezingafikelelekiyo nge-EGD okanye i-colonoscopy)

Iimeko ezinzima zokopha ezibangela ukulahleka kwegazi okugqithisileyo kunye nokwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi kunokufuna utyando okanye ukulaliswa esibhedlele.

Ilindle - ligazi; Melena; Ilindle - mnyama okanye ukulibala; Ukopha phezulu emathunjini; Izitulo zeMelenic

• I-diverticulitis kunye ne-diverticulosis-ukukhutshwa
• I-Diverticulitis-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• I-ulcerative colitis - ukukhutshwa

IChaptini L, Peikin S.Ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini. Ku: Parrillo JE, Dellinger RP, ii-eds. Unyango oluKhathalelayo oluBalulekileyo: Imigaqo yokuchongwa kunye noLawulo kuLuntu oluDala. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 72.

IiKovacs TO, iJensen DM. Ukuphuma kwegazi emathunjini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 126.

Meguerdichian DA, Goralnick E.Ukuphuma kwegazi emathunjini. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 27.

Ugcina i-TJ, iJensen DM. Ukopha emathunjini. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Amathumbu kunye nezifo zesibindi. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 20.