Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo

Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo (amnesia) kukulibala okungaqhelekanga. Awungekhe ukhumbule imicimbi emitsha, khumbula inkumbulo enye okanye ezingaphezulu zexa elidlulileyo, okanye zombini.

Ukulahleka kwememori kunokuba lixesha elifutshane kwaye emva koko kusonjululwe (okwethutyana). Okanye, isenokungahambi, kwaye, kuxhomekeka kwisizathu, kunokuba kubi ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Kwiimeko ezinzima, olo hlobo lweenkumbulo lunokuphazamisa imisebenzi yokuphila yemihla ngemihla.

Ukuguga okuqhelekileyo kunokubangela ukulibala. Yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nengxaki yokufunda izinto ezintsha okanye ukufuna ixesha elingakumbi lokuzikhumbula. Kodwa ukwaluphala okuqhelekileyo akukhokeleli kwilahleko enkulu yememori. Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kungenxa yezinye izifo.

Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi. Ukuchonga unobangela, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kubuza ukuba ingxaki yeza ngesiquphe okanye kancinci.

Iindawo ezininzi zobuchopho zikunceda ukuba wenze kwaye uphinde ufumane iinkumbulo. Ingxaki kuyo nayiphi na kwezi ndawo inokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwememori.

Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunokubangela ukwenzakala okutsha kwengqondo, okubangelwa okanye okukhoyo emva koku:

• Ithumba lobuchopho
• Unyango lomhlaza, njengobuchwephesha bemitha yobuchopho, ukufakelwa umnongo wethambo, okanye ichemotherapy
• Ingxubusho okanye intloko ebuhlungu
• Ayonelanga i-oksijini eya kwingqondo xa intliziyo okanye ukuphefumla kumisiwe ixesha elide
• Usulelo olunzima lobuchopho okanye usulelo olujikeleze ingqondo
• Utyando olukhulu okanye ukugula kakhulu, kubandakanya nonyango lobuchopho
• Okwexeshana i-amnesia yehlabathi (ngequbuliso, ukulahleka okwethutyana kwememori) yesizathu esingacacanga
• Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okwethutyana (i-TIA) okanye ukubetha
• IHydrocephalus (ingqokelela yolwelo kwingqondo)
• Isifo sokugubhuka
• Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukulahleka kwememori kwenzeka ngeengxaki zempilo yengqondo, ezinje:

• Emva kwesiganeko esikhulu, esibuhlungu okanye soxinzelelo
• Ukuxhuzula
• Uxinzelelo okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo, ezinjenge-schizophrenia

Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunokuba luphawu lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo sikwachaphazela ukucinga, ulwimi, isigwebo kunye nokuziphatha. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zesifo sengqondo esihambelana nokuphulukana nenkumbulo zezi:

• Isifo se-Alzheimer
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• Ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo senyukliya
• Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwehydrocephalus
• Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob (isifo seenkomo)

Ezinye izizathu zokulahleka kwememori zibandakanya:

• Utywala okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza amiselweyo okanye iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni
• Usulelo lobuchopho olufana nesifo seLyme, igcushuwa, okanye i-HIV / AIDS
• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamayeza, njengeebarbiturates okanye (hypnotics)
• I-ECT (unyango lwe-electroconvulsive therapy) (amaxesha amaninzi ukulahleka kwememori yexesha elifutshane)
• Isathuthwane esingalawuleki kakuhle
• Ukugula okukhokelela ekuphulukaneni, okanye ukonakala kwizihlunu zobuchopho okanye iiseli zemithambo-luvo, ezinjengesifo seParkinson, isifo sikaHuntington, okanye isifo sokuqina kwemithambo
• Amanqanaba asezantsi ezondlo ezibalulekileyo okanye iivithamini, ezinje ngevithamini B1 ephantsi okanye iB12

Umntu onememori elahlekileyo ufuna inkxaso eninzi.

• Kuyanceda ukubonisa umntu izinto eziqhelekileyo, umculo, okanye iifoto okanye ukudlala umculo oqhelekileyo.
• Bhala phantsi xa umntu efanele ukuthatha naliphi na iyeza okanye enze eminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuyibhala phantsi.
• Ukuba umntu ufuna uncedo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, okanye ukuba ukhuseleko okanye isondlo kukuxhalabisa, unokufuna ukuqaphela indawo zononophelo ezandisiweyo, ezinje ngekhaya labalupheleyo.

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga nembali yonyango lomntu kunye neempawu. Oku kuhlala kubandakanya ukubuza imibuzo yamalungu osapho kunye nabahlobo. Ngesi sizathu, kufuneka beze ekuqeshweni.

Imibuzo yembali yezonyango inokubandakanya:

• Uhlobo lokulahleka kwememori, njengexesha elifutshane okanye ixesha elide
• Ipateni yexesha, enje ngokulahleka kwememori ixesha elingakanani okanye nokuba iyafika kwaye iyahamba na
• Izinto ezibangele ukulahleka kwememori, njengokulimala kwentloko okanye utyando

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kwizifo ezithile ekurhanelwa ngazo (ezinje ngevithamini B12 ephantsi okanye isifo sedlala)
• I-angiography yeCerebral
• Uvavanyo lokuqonda (uvavanyo lwe-neuropsychological / psychometric)
• I-CT scan okanye iMRI yentloko
• I-EEG
• Ukugqobhoza iLumbar

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokulahleka kwememori. Umboneleli wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi.

Ukulibala; Amnesia; Imemori engalunganga; Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo; Iimpawu zesifo; Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo-ukulahleka kwememori; Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo emnene- ukulahleka kwememori

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye ne-peripheral system
• Ingqondo

I-Kirshner HS, Ally B. Ingqondo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwimemori. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 7.

U-Oyebode F. Ukuphazamiseka kwememori. Ku: Oyebode F, ed. Iimpawu zikaSims eNgqondweni: Incwadi yokubhaliweyo ye-Psychopathology echazayo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 5.