I-primary immunodeficiency: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Njani na isifo
• Unyango lwe-primary immunodeficiency

I-Primary immunodeficiency, okanye i-PID, yimeko apho kukho utshintsho kumacandelo amajoni omzimba, enza ukuba umntu achaphazeleke lula kwizifo ezahlukileyo, kuba amajoni omzimba akasebenzi kakuhle. Olona phawu lubalulekileyo lwe-PID kukwenzeka kosulelo oluphindaphindayo lwebhaktiriya, ikakhulu sinusitis, otitis kunye nenyumoniya.

Ukhuseleko oluphambili sisifo semfuza kunye nokuzalwa kwaye sixhaphake kakhulu kumtshato womtshato oqinisekileyo, oko kukuthi umtshato phakathi kosapho olunye, kwaye ukuxilongwa akuhlali kwenziwa kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa ngenxa yokunqongophala kolwazi malunga nesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa impilo-ntle kunye nomgangatho wobomi bomntwana, ukongeza kuthintelo lweengxaki ezinokubangela ukufa, umzekelo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zokuqala ukungasebenzi komzimba kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu zinokubonakala kuphela ebudaleni, njengoko kuxhomekeke kuhlobo nobukhali benguquko yemfuza.

Iimpawu zinokuqatshelwa kulo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba, kuba linokufikelela nakweliphi na ilungu okanye inkqubo, nangona kunjalo iimpawu ikakhulu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yokuphefumla ziyaqatshelwa, ezinokubangela ukuba isifo sokuqala sokungasebenzi kakuhle sidideke nezifo zokuphefumla komntwana kunye nezifo ezosulelayo.

Ke, ukuze i-immunodeficiency eyintloko ithathelwe ingqalelo ngexesha lokuchongwa, kubalulekile ukuba wazi ezinye zeempawu kunye neempawu, ezinje:

• 4 okanye ngaphezulu usulelo lwendlebe ngaphantsi konyaka omnye;
• Izifo ezi-2 okanye ezingaphezulu zokuphefumla ezingaphantsi konyaka omnye;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-2 ngaphandle kokuba nefuthe;
• Ngaphezulu kwamatyala amabini enyumoniya ngaphantsi konyaka omnye;
• Ukulibaziseka ekukhuleni komntwana;
• Izifo eziphindaphindiweyo zamathumbu;
• Ukuvela kweengxaki zokugonya;
• Ukuvela rhoqo kwamathumba eluswini.

Ukongeza, ukuba usapho lunembali yokuqaqanjelwa ngumzimba okanye umntwana uyintombi yesibini esidlayo, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba ne-immunodeficiency.

Kubalulekile ukuba abazali bazi ngeempawu ezithiwe thaca ngumntwana kunye nokwenzeka kosuleleko olwenzeka rhoqo ukuze uxilongo lwenziwe kwaye kuqalwe ngonyango ngokukhawuleza ukunqanda iingxaki ezinzulu, ezinje ngokukhubazeka okukhulu kwemiphunga kunye ne-septicemia, enokuthi iyabulala.

Njani na isifo

Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa kuvavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo oluthile lwemfuza, kuba zingaphezulu kwe-100 iintlobo ze-immunodeficiency eziphambili.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukuxilongwa kwe-immunodeficiency eyintloko kwenziwe kude kube ngunyaka wokuqala wobomi ukuze kube nakho ukucebisa usapho ngonyango kunye nokhathalelo oluyimfuneko ukugcina impilo yomntwana kunye nokuphepha iingxaki. Ngaphandle kovavanyo olusisiseko, olona vavanyo lokuqala lokuchongwa kwe-immunodeficiency alufumaneki kwiNkqubo eManyeneyo yezeMpilo, kuphela kwiiklinikhi zabucala.

Unyango lwe-primary immunodeficiency

Unyango lokhuselo lwe-immunodeficiency oluphambili kufuneka lwenziwe ngokukhokelwa ngugqirha wabantwana kwaye luyahluka ngokweempawu ezivezwe ngumntwana, ubukhali kunye nenqanaba lokuchongwa.

Xa i-PID ichongiwe ngoko nangoko okanye iimpawu ezibonisiweyo zithambile, ugqirha wabantwana unokucebisa ngonyango nge-immunoglobulins, apho kwenziwa ii-antibodies ezingekhoyo emzimbeni, ukuphucula umsebenzi wamajoni omzimba. Ukongeza, ukulawulwa kwee-antibiotics ngokuthe ngqo emthanjeni kunokucetyiswa ukulwa nezifo eziphindaphindayo.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuziwa kwi-PID enzima, enokuthi ibangelwe kukuxilongwa kamva okanye ubukho bezinto eziguqula ukhuseleko ngakumbi, ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kunokuba yimfuneko. Jonga ukuba ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kwenziwa njani.