Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo

Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo kukuvuthuza, ukubetha, okanye isandi esivakalayo esivakalayo ngexesha lokubetha kwentliziyo. Isandi sibangelwa kukungahambi kakuhle kwegazi kwi-valves zentliziyo okanye kufutshane nentliziyo.

Intliziyo inamagumbi ama-4:

• Amagumbi amabini aphezulu (atria)
• Amagumbi amabini asezantsi (ii-ventricles)

Intliziyo inezivalo ezisondeleyo ekubetheni kwentliziyo nganye, zibangela ukuba igazi ligele kwelinye icala. Izivalo ziphakathi kwamagumbi.

Izikhalazo zinokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ezinje:

• Xa ivelufa ingavali ngokuqinileyo kwaye igazi livuza ngasemva (ukuphinda kulungiswe)
• Xa igazi lihamba nge-valve yentliziyo encinci okanye eqinile (stenosis)

Kukho iindlela ezininzi apho umboneleli wakho wezempilo angachaza ukumbombozela:

• Izikrokro zihlelwa ("zihleliwe") kuxhomekeke kwisandi sokungxola okuvakalayo ngestethoscope. Ukuhlelwa kwisikali. IBakala andinakuviwa. Umzekelo wenkcazo yokumbombozela "kukukrokra kwinqanaba le-II / VI." (Oku kuthetha ukuba ukumbombozela kukwinqanaba lesi-2 kwisikali se-1 kuye kwi-6).
• Ukongeza, ukumbombozela kuchazwa linqanaba lokubetha kwentliziyo xa kuvakala ukumbombozela. Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo kunokuchazwa njenge-systolic okanye i-diastolic. (ISystole kuxa intliziyo icudisa igazi kunye ne-diastole kuxa izalisa ligazi.)

Xa ukumbombozela kubonakala ngakumbi, umboneleli unokukwazi ukuziva ngentende yesandla ngaphezulu kwentliziyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "yimincili".

Izinto eziya kujongwa ngumboneleli kuviwo zibandakanya:

• Ngaba ukumbombozela kwenzeka xa intliziyo iphumle okanye inesivumelwano?
• Ngaba iqhubeka kuyo yonke intliziyo?
• Ngaba iyatshintsha xa ushukuma?
• Ngaba ingavakala nakwezinye iindawo zesifuba, ngasemva, okanye entanyeni?
• Kuphi ukumbombozela kuvakale kakhulu?

Ukumbombozela okuninzi kwentliziyo akunabungozi. Ezi ndidi zokumbombozela zibizwa njengezikhalazo ezimsulwa. Abayi kubangela naziphi na iimpawu okanye iingxaki. Ukumbombozela okungenatyala AKUFUNI nyango.

Okunye ukumbombozela kwentliziyo kunokubonisa into engaqhelekanga entliziyweni. Ezi zikhalazo zingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa:

• Iingxaki zevalvu ye-aortic (ukuphindaphinda kwe-aortic, aortic stenosis)
• Iingxaki ze-mitral valve (engapheliyo okanye ebukhali yokuphinda ibuye kwakhona, i-mitral stenosis)
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwepulmonary (ukubuyela umva kwegazi kwi-ventricle elungileyo, ebangelwa kukusilela kwevalvevu yemiphunga ukuvala ngokupheleleyo)
• I-valve stenosis yepulmonary
• Iingxaki zevalic tricuspid (tricuspid regurgitation, tricuspid stenosis)

Ukumbombozela okuphezulu ebantwaneni kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba kubangelwe:

• Ukubuya kwe-pulmonary venous Returns (ukubunjwa okungavumelekanga kwemithanjeni ye-pulmonary)
• Isiphene se-Atrial septal (ASD)
• Ukudibanisa i-aorta
• Ipatent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
• Isiphene se-Ventricular septal (VSD)

Ukumbombozela okuninzi kunokubangela indibaniselwano yeengxaki zentliziyo.

Abantwana bahlala bembombozela njengenxalenye yesiqhelo yophuhliso. Ezi zikhalazi AKUFUNI unyango. Banokubandakanya:

• Ukumbombozela kokuhamba kwemiphunga
• Kusekho ukumbombozela
• Ukuhlambalaza

Umboneleli unokumamela izandi zentliziyo yakho ngokubeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho. Uya kubuzwa imibuzo malunga nembali yakho yezonyango kunye neempawu, ezinje:

• Ngaba amanye amalungu osapho anezikhalazo okanye ezinye izandi zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga?
• Ngaba unembali yosapho eneengxaki zentliziyo?
• Ngaba unayo intlungu yesifuba, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ukuphefumla okufutshane, okanye ezinye iingxaki zokuphefumla?
• Ngaba ukhe wadumba, wazuza ubunzima, okanye wehla imithambo entanyeni?
• Ngaba ulusu lwakho lunombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Umboneleli unokukucela ukuba ucoce, ume, okanye ubambe umphefumlo wakho ngelixa uthoba phantsi okanye ubambe into ngezandla zakho ukumamela intliziyo yakho.

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Echocardiography

Izandi zesifuba - ukumbombozela; Intliziyo izandi - ezingaqhelekanga; Ukumbombozela - umsulwa; Ukumbombozela okungenatyala; Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo; Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Ivaluva zentliziyo

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UGoldman L. Indlela eya kwisigulana enokubakho sisifo sentliziyo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 45.

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