Iifontelles - bulging

I-fontanelle ejijekileyo kukujika kwangaphandle kwendawo ethambileyo yosana (fontanelle).

Ukhakhayi lwenziwe ngamathambo amaninzi, i-8 kukhakhayi ngokwalo kunye ne-14 kwindawo yobuso. Bayazidibanisa ukwenza isiseko esiqinileyo, esinamathambo esikhusela kwaye sixhase ingqondo. Iindawo apho amathambo ahlangana khona zibizwa ngokuba ziisuture.

Amathambo ahlanganiswanga kakuhle ekuzalweni. Oku kuvumela intloko ukuba itshintshe imilo ukuyinceda idlule kumjelo wokuzalwa. I-suture ifumana amaminerali ongezelelweyo ekuhambeni kwexesha kwaye aqinise, ngokudibanisa ngokuqinileyo amathambo ekhakhayi kunye.

Kusana, indawo apho ii-sutures ezi-2 zidibanisa khona ifom egqunywe nge-membrane "indawo ethambileyo" ebizwa ngokuba yifontian (fontanel). Iifontsane zivumela ukukhula kwengqondo kunye nokakayi ngexesha lonyaka wokuqala wosana.

Ngokwesiqhelo kukho iifonti ezininzi ezininzi kugebhezi lwentsana. Zibekwe ikakhulu phezulu, ngasemva, kunye nasemacaleni entloko. Njengama-suture, i-fontanelles iqina ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ivaliwe, iindawo eziqinileyo zebony.

• Ifontian ngasemva kwentloko (posterior fontanelle) ihlala ivala ngexesha usana luneenyanga ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ubudala.
• Ifonti ephezulu yentloko (anterior fontanelle) ihlala ivala phakathi kweenyanga ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-19.

Iifontshi kufuneka ziziva ziqinile kwaye zijijeke kancinci ngaphakathi ngaphakathi ngaphandle kwebala. I-fontanelle ye-tense okanye ye-bulging yenzeka xa ulwelo lusanda kwingqondo okanye kwingqondo idumba, ibangele ukwanda koxinzelelo ngaphakathi kukakayi.

Xa usana lukhala, lulele phantsi, okanye luyagabha, iifaneli zinokubonakala ngathi ziyagungqa. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka babuyele esiqhelweni xa usana luzolile, lukwimo yentloko.

Izizathu zokuba umntwana abe neefonti ezikhulayo zibandakanya:

• I-Encephalitis. Ukudumba (ukudumba) kwengqondo, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yosulelo.
• IHydrocephalus. Ulwakhiwo ngaphakathi kolukakayi.
• Ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
• Ukudumba kwenwebu yengqondo. Usulelo lwezinwe ezigubungele ingqondo.

Ukuba i-fontanelle ibuyela kwinkangeleko yesiqhelo xa umntwana ezolile kwaye ethwele intloko, ayisiyonto inyaniweyo.

Ngokukhawuleza, ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo luyafuneka kulo naluphina usana olune-fontanelle enkulu, ingakumbi ukuba yenzeka kunye nomkhuhlane okanye ukozela okungaphezulu.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze imibuzo malunga nembali yonyango yomntwana, enje:

• Ngaba "indawo ethambileyo" ibuyela kwinkangeleko yesiqhelo xa usana luzolile okanye lubambe intloko?
• Ngaba iyaqhuma ngalo lonke ixesha okanye iyeza idlule?
• Uyiqale nini le nto?
• Yeyiphi i-fontanelles bulge (ngaphezulu kwentloko, ngasemva kwentloko, okanye enye)?
• Ngaba zonke ii-fontanelles ziyaqhuma?
• Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu ezikhoyo (ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukuba nochuku, okanye ukonqena)?

Uvavanyo lokuchonga olunokuthi lwenziwe zezi:

• Ukuvavanywa kwentloko kwe-CT
• Ukuvavanywa kwentloko ye-MRI
• Impompo yomqolo (i-lumbar puncture)

Indawo ethambileyo - ukudumba; Ubungakanani befonti

• Ukhakhayi losana olusandul 'ukuzalwa
• Ubungakanani befonti

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IRosenberg GA. I-edema yobuchopho kunye nokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl 88.

I-Somand DM, uMnyangi WJ. Izifo zentsholongwane. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 99.