Intonga yomthambo

Intonga yemithambo yingqokelela yegazi elivela kumthambo wovavanyo lwelabhoratri.

Igazi lidla ngokutsalwa kwimithambo yesihlahla. Inokutsalwa kwakhona kumthambo ongaphakathi kwengqiniba, i-groin, okanye enye indawo. Ukuba igazi litsalwe esihlahleni, umboneleli wezempilo uhlala eqala ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba igazi lihamba lingena esandleni lisuka kwimithambo ephambili engalweni (iiradial radial and ulnar arteries).

Inkqubo yenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Indawo icociwe nge-antiseptic.
• Kufakwe inaliti. Inani elincinci lokuthomalalisa linokujova okanye lisetyenziswe ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe inaliti.
• Igazi lihamba liye kwisirinji ekhethekileyo yokuqokelela.
• Inaliti iyasuswa emva kokuba kuqokelelwe igazi elaneleyo.
• Uxinzelelo lufakwa kwindawo yokuhlatywa imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 ukunqanda ukopha. Indawo izakujongwa ngeli xesha ukuqinisekisa ukopha kuyayeka.

Ukuba kulula ukufumana igazi kwindawo enye okanye kwicala lomzimba wakho, vumela umntu otsala igazi lakho alazi ngaphambi kokuqala uvavanyo.

Ukulungiselela kuyahluka ngovavanyo oluthile olwenziweyo.

Ukubethwa kwemithambo kunokuba yinto engathandekiyo kunokugqobhoza umthambo. Kungenxa yokuba imithambo inzulu kunemithambo. Iimithambo nazo zineendonga ezijiyileyo kwaye zinemithambo-luvo engakumbi.

Xa inaliti ifakiwe, kunokubakho ukungonwabi okanye iintlungu. Emva koko, kunokubakho ukuthotywa okuthile.

Igazi lihambisa ioksijini, izakha-mzimba, izinto ezingafunwayo nezinye izinto emzimbeni. Igazi likwanceda ukulawula ubushushu bomzimba, ulwelo, kunye nokulingana kweekhemikhali.

Igazi lenziwe ngenxalenye yolwelo (iplasma) nenxalenye yeselula. Iplasma inezinto ezinyibilikayo kulwelo. Inxalenye yeselula yenziwe ikakhulu iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, kodwa ikwabandakanya iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets.

Kuba igazi linemisebenzi emininzi, uvavanyo egazini okanye kwizinto zalo lunokunika imikhondo exabisekileyo yokunceda ababoneleli bafumane imeko ezininzi zonyango.

Igazi kwimithambo (yegazi emithanjeni) lahlukile kwigazi eliseemithanjeni (igazi lemithambo) ikakhulu kumxholo weegesi ezichithakeleyo. Ukuvavanywa kwegazi lomthambo kubonisa ukwakheka kwegazi ngaphambi kokuba iziqulatho zalo zisetyenziswe zizicubu zomzimba.

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Intonga yomthambo yenziwa ukufumana iisampulu zegazi kwimithambo. Iisampulu zegazi zithathwa ubukhulu becala ukulinganisa iigesi kwimithambo. Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokukhomba iingxaki zokuphefumla okanye iingxaki zomzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha iintonga zomthambo zenziwa ukufumana inkcubeko yegazi okanye iisampulu zeekhemistri zegazi.

Akukho mngcipheko wokuthathwa kwegazi lakho. Imithambo kunye nemithambo iyahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye nakwelinye icala lomzimba liye kwelinye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunabanye.

Eminye imingcipheko enxulumene nokutsalwa kwegazi incinci kodwa inokubandakanya:

• Ukopha kakhulu
• Ukufa isiqaqa okanye ukuziva ungenantloko
• I-Hematoma (igazi eliqokelela phantsi kwesikhumba)
• Ukugqobhoza okuninzi ukufumana imithambo
• Usulelo (umngcipheko omncinci nangaliphi na ixesha ulusu lwaphukile)

Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokonakaliswa kwezicubu ezikufutshane xa igazi litsalwa. Igazi linokuthathwa kwiindawo ezinobungozi obuncinci, kwaye iindlela zinokusetyenziswa ukunciphisa ukonakala kwethishu.

Isampulu yegazi-yemithambo

• Isampulu yegazi

Ukuhamba ngo-E, uKim HT. Ukuhlatywa komzimba kunye nokuhluthwa. Ku: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, ii-eds. Iinkqubo zeKlinikhi zikaRoberts kunye neHedges kwiNyango kaXakeka kunye noKhathalelo oluQhelekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 20.

USmith SF, uDuell DJ, uMartin BC, uGonzalez L, uAebersold M. Ukuqokelelwa kwesampulu. Ku: Smith SF, uDuell DJ, uMartin BC, uGonzalez L, uAebersold M, ii-eds. Izakhono zoLondolozo lwezeKlinikhi: ezisisiseko kwizakhono eziPhambili. Umhla we-9. ENew York, NY: Pearson; 2016: isahluko 20.