Intloko ye-MRI

Intloko ye-MRI (imaging resonance imaging) luvavanyo lokucinga olusebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo ukwenza imifanekiso yobuchopho kunye nezicubu zemithambo-luvo ezijikelezileyo.

Ayisebenzisi imitha.

Intloko ye-MRI yenziwa esibhedlele okanye kwiziko le-radiology.

Ulele phezu kwetafile emxinwa, ethi ityibilike kwiskena esikhulu esimile.

Ezinye iimviwo ze-MRI zifuna idayi ekhethekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yinto eyahlukileyo. Idayi ihlala inikwa ngexesha lovavanyo kusetyenziswa umthambo (IV) esandleni okanye kwingalo yakho. Idayi inceda i-radiologist ibone iindawo ezithile ngokucacileyo.

Ngexesha le-MRI, umntu osebenza kumatshini ukubukela ukwelinye igumbi. Uvavanyo luhlala luhlala kwimizuzu engama-30 ukuya kuma-60, kodwa lungathatha ixesha elide.

Unokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ngaphambi kokuskena.

Xelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba woyika iindawo ezikufutshane (une-claustrophobia). Unokufumana iyeza lokukunceda uzive usozela kwaye ungakhathazeki kangako. Okanye umboneleli wakho unokucebisa nge "MRI" evulekileyo, apho umatshini ungasondelanga emzimbeni.

Unokucelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe yasesibhedlele okanye impahla ngaphandle kwezibophelelo zesinyithi (ezinje ngezikipa kunye nesikipa). Iindidi ezithile zentsimbi zinokubangela imifanekiso engacacanga.

Ngaphambi kovavanyo, xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba unayo:

• Iiklip ze-aneurysm zengqondo
• Ivalvu yentliziyo eyenziweyo
• Intliziyo defibrillator okanye ipacemaker
• Ukufakwa kwendlebe ngaphakathi (cochlear)
• Isifo sezintso okanye kwi-dialysis (ngekhe ube nakho ukufumana umahluko)
• Kutshanje kubekwe indawo yokudibanisa
• Umthambo wegazi
• Ukusebenza ngesinyithi kwiphepha elidlulileyo (unokufuna iimvavanyo ukujonga iziqwenga zentsimbi emehlweni akho)

I-MRI iqulethe iimagnethi ezinamandla. Izinto zentsimbi azivumelekanga kwigumbi elinesikena se-MRI. Oku kubandakanya:

• Iipeni, iipokotho, kunye neiglasi zamehlo
• Izinto ezinje ngezacholo, iiwotshi, amakhadi etyala kunye nezinto zokuva
• Izikhonkwane, izikhonkwane zeenwele, iiziphu zentsimbi, kunye nezinto ezifanayo zesinyithi
• Umsebenzi osuswayo wamazinyo

Ukuba ufuna idayi, uya kuziva incindi yenaliti engalweni yakho xa idayi ifakwe ngaphakathi emthanjeni.

Uvavanyo lwe-MRI alubangeli zintlungu. Ukuba unobunzima bokulala uzolile okanye unovalo kakhulu, unokunikwa iyeza lokuphumla. Ukuhamba kakhulu kunokuyiphazamisa imifanekiso kwaye kubangele iimpazamo.

Itafile inokuba nzima okanye ibanda, kodwa ungacela ingubo okanye umqamelo. Umatshini wenza ingxolo enkulu kunye nengxolo xa kuvuliwe. Unokucela iiplagi zendlebe ukunceda ukunciphisa ingxolo.

I-intercom egumbini ikuvumela ukuba uthethe nomntu nangaliphi na ixesha. Ezinye ii-MRIs zinomabonakude kunye nee-headphone ezikhethekileyo ezinokukunceda ukuba udlule ixesha okanye uvimbe ingxolo yeskena.

Akukho xesha lokufumana kwakhona, ngaphandle kokuba unikwe iyeza lokuphumla. Emva kokuvavanywa kweMRI, ungabuyela kwindlela otya ngayo yesiqhelo, umsebenzi kunye namayeza.

I-MRI ibonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho kunye nezicubu zemithambo-luvo.

Ingqondo ye-MRI inokusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga kunye nokubeka iliso kwizifo ezininzi kunye nokuphazamiseka okuchaphazela ingqondo, kubandakanya:

• Isiphene sokuzalwa
• Ukopha (i-subarachnoid yopha okanye ukopha kwizihlunu zobuchopho ngokwazo)
• Iimpawu
• Usulelo, njengethumba lobuchopho
• Amathumba (umhlaza kunye noncancerous)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwehomoni (njenge-acromegaly, galactorrhea, kunye ne-Cushing syndrome)
• Isifo sokugubhuka
• Ukubetha

Iskena se-MRI sentloko sinokumisela unobangela woku:

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukuba ndindisholo kunye nokugungqa
• Utshintsho kwindlela ocinga ngayo okanye ekuziphatheni
• Ukuphulukana nokuva
• Intloko xa ezinye iimpawu okanye iimpawu zikhona
• Ukuthetha ubunzima
• Iingxaki zombono
• Isifo sengqondo esiyingozi

Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lweMRI olubizwa ngokuba yi-magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) lunokwenziwa ukujonga imithambo yegazi kwingqondo.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa:

• Imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga kwingqondo (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentloko)
• Ithumba lesibindi esidibanisa indlebe kwingqondo (i-acoustic neuroma)
• Ukopha kwingqondo
• Usulelo lobuchopho
• Ukudumba kwezihlunu zobuchopho
• Amathumba ebongo
• Ukonakala kwengqondo kumonzakalo
• Ukuqokelela ulwelo ngeenxa zonke kwingqondo (ihydrocephalus)
• Usulelo lwamathambo okakayi (osteomyelitis)
• Ukuphulukana nethishu yobuchopho
• Isifo sokugubhuka
• Stroke okanye uhlaselo lwexeshana lwe-ischemic (TIA)
• Iingxaki zolwakhiwo kwingqondo

I-MRI ayisebenzisi radiation. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho ziphumo bezingalindelekanga ezivela kumazibuthe kunye namaza erediyo axeliweyo.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokuchasana (idayi) elisetyenzisiweyo yi-gadolinium. Kukhuselekile kakhulu. Ukuphendula ngokuchaseneyo nento leyo kunqabile ukwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, i-gadolinium inokuba yingozi kubantu abaneengxaki zezintso kwi-dialysis. Ukuba unengxaki yezintso, xelela umboneleli wakho phambi kovavanyo.

Iindawo ezinamandla zemagneti ezenziwe ngexesha le-MRI zinokwenza iintliziyo zentliziyo kunye nezinye izinto zokufakelwa zingasebenzi ngokunjalo. Inokubangela ukuba iqhekeza lesinyithi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho lihambe okanye litshintshe.

I-MRI ikhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kwiimeko ezininzi i-MRI inokuba novakalelo ngakumbi kune-CT ukuskena kwiingxaki kwingqondo ezinjengezinto ezincinci. I-CT ihlala ibhetele ekukhangeleni iindawo ezincinci zokopha.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa endaweni ye-MRI yentloko lubandakanya:

• Ukuskena iNtloko ye-CT
• I-Positron emission tomography (PET) yokuskena kwengqondo

Ukuskena i-CT kunokukhethwa kwezi meko zilandelayo, kuba iyakhawuleza kwaye ihlala ifumaneka kwigumbi likaxakeka:

• Ukubandezeleka okungapheliyo kwentloko nobuso
• Ukopha ebuchotsheni (kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48)
• Iimpawu zokuqala zestroke
• Ukuphazamiseka kwethambo lekhanda kunye nokuphazamiseka okubandakanya amathambo endlebe

Isandi senyukliya - cranial; Imagnetic resonance imaging-cranial; MRI yentloko; MRI - cranial; NMR - cranial; I-MRI yeCranial; I-MRI yeBrain; I-MRI-ingqondo; Intloko ye-MRI

• Ingqondo
• Intloko ye-MRI
• IiLobes zobuchopho

I-Barras CD, iBhattacharya JJ. Imeko yangoku yokucinga kwengqondo kunye neempawu zeatomical. Ku: UAdam A, uDixon AK, uGillard JH, uSchaefer-Prokop CM, ii-eds. Ingqolowa kunye neAllison's Diagnostic Radiology. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 53.

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. Imagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -ukuxilonga. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ii-eds. Iimvavanyo zaselebhu kunye neenkqubo zokuqonda isifo. Umhla wesi-6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2013: 754-757.

UKhan M, uSchulte J, uZinreich SJ, u-Aygun N. Ukujongwa komfanekiso wokuqonda isifo wentloko nentamo. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 8.